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Disc Replacement
Deepam Meditours(Medical Tourism Company)
What is disc?
• The disc is the soft cushioning structure located between the
individual bones of the spine, called “vertebra.”
• It is made of cartilage-like tissue and consists of an outer
portion, called the annulus, and an inner portion, called the
nucleus.
• In most cases, the disc is flexible enough to allow the spine to
bend.
What is Herniated Disc?
• It is known as slipped disc, bulging disc.
• Caused by wear and tear of the disc
• May result from trauma or injury to the spine.
• It can occur in any part of the spine.
• Most common in the neck (cervical)
and lower back (lumbar) spine.
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Stages of Herniated Disc?
• Disc Degeneration: With age the intervertebral discs weaken
due to chemical changes. The aging process can cause the disc
to dry out, making it less able to absorb the shock from
movements. Disc can also become thinner in this stage.
• Prolapse: The position of the disc changes with some slight
impingement into the spinal canal or spinal nerves. This stage
is also called a bulging disc or protruding disc.
• Extrusion: The gel-like nucleus pulposus (inner part of the
intervertebral disc) breaks through the tire-like wall (annulus
fibrosus) but remains within the disc.
• Sequestration or Sequestered Disc: The nucleus pulposus
breaks through the annulus fibrosus and can move outside the
interverterbral disc and into the spinal canal.
Disc Replacement• An artificial disc is implanted into the spine to imitate the
functions of a normal disc.
• Total Disc Replacement - all or most of the disc tissue is
removed and replaced.
• Disc Nucleus Replacement - only the center of the disc is
removed and replaced with an implant.
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nts/spine-surgeries/disc-surgery.html
Criteria for Disc replacement
• Numbness or tingling in the shoulder
or arm.
• Pain that radiates down the arm to the
hand or fingers.
• Impair ability to lift or hold items.
• Intense pain in the buttocks, thigh,
calf, shoulder and arm
• Difficulty in standing or walking.
Diagnosis for Disc Replacement
• Electromyography (EMG): To determine the exact nerve root
that is involved.
• Myelogram: To determine the size and location of disk
herniation.
• Physical Examination
• CT scan, MRI
• Spine X-Rays
How to Treat Disc Replacement
Non Surgical Procedure
• Physiotherapy & Exercise - includes ice and heat therapy,
gentle massage, stretching and neck traction.
• Cervical traction
• Bracing
Surgical Procedure
1. Anterior cervical discectomy and spine fusion: This
involves partial disc removal to relieve nerve pressure.
2. Laminectomy: The broken pieces or the entire disc is
removed and replaced with prosthetic components.
– It is performed on the cervical, thoracic or lumbar portion
of the spine.
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