The Importance Of Nutrients!

The Importance of Nutrients!

What happens if we do not receive proper nutrition?

The Food Guide Pyramid

A person ideally wants 2000 calories a day! But this depends on their age, weight, and activity levels.

Not Healthy Meals

A calorie is a unit of ENERGY

CAL-OR-IE

EN-ER-GY

Determined

By the

FDA

Food and

Drug Administration

I. Food and Energy:

A. ______________

1. Carbohydrates – Major source of energy

Nutrients

Carbohydrates

Carbohydrates – Think Sugar HIGH

There are different kinds of carbohydrates!

• Fiber! Keeps you regular!– YOUR BODY CANNOT DIGEST FIBER.

Other types of Carbs… Glucose simple sugar

ENZYME Starch

complex carbohydrate

Other types of Carbs…

Glucose Starch

ENZYME

Other types of Carbs…

Glucose Starch

ENZYME

Other types of Carbs…

Glucose Starch

ENZYME

Other types of Carbs…

Glucose Starch ENZYME

Other types of Carbs…

Glucose Starch ENZYME

2. ____________

a. Unsaturated – Liquid at room temperature

b. Saturated – Solid at room temperature

FATS

3. ________________ – Tissue growth and repair.

Proteins

Proteins

Vitamins

Vitamins - help chemical reactions

Vitamin Functions Natural Sources

Vitamin AHelps build healthy eyes,

required for growth and bone development.

Carrots, yams, pumpkins, yellow or orange fruits, beet greens, fish, eggs,

tuna

Vitamin B12

Helps maintain healthy nervous system, required

for normal growth and for production of red

blood cells.

Ham, clams, cooked oysters, king crab, herring,

salmon, tuna, lean beef, liver, low fat diary

products

Vitamin CRequired for formation of

connective tissue, bones and teeth.

Citrus fruits, strawberries, broccoli, melons, peppers, collards, dandelion greens, onions, radishes,

watercress

Vitamin DAides in normal bone

growth and tooth function.

Sun exposure, sardines, salmon, fortified milk,

fortified cereals, herring, liver, tuna, margarine,

cod liver oil

Minerals – not made by living things

Minerals are absorbed from soil by plants!

List of Minerals Essential to Humans

Mineral Roles in the Body

calcium:Blood clotting, intracellular signaling, muscle

contraction

iodine: Necessary for thyroid hormone production

iron:Helps to prevent anemia

magnesium:

Mineral present mainly in the bones

potassium:

Role in fluid and electrolyte balance; heart muscle activity; metabolism and protein synthesis

sodium: Maintains homeostasis in cellular environment.

6. ____________ - the most important nutrient

Water

WATER!We need two liters of water a day

to properly function!

Sometimes, problems or circumstances can occur when you do not receive

proper nutrition.

Your nutrition can be effected by several factors.

- disease- poverty - habitat

Examples of Diseases that affect Nutrition

• PKU – A GENETIC DISEASE

• Anorexia and Bulimia

Nutritional problems can also be caused due

to poverty or where you live!

When you lack vitamin C you can get SCURVY!

A goiter is caused by an iodine deficiency…

How does this happen!?Goiter is caused by lack of iodine….

• Hypothalamus sends hormones to stimulate thyroid gland to make a thyroid hormone

• Thyroid does nothing due to the lack of iodine.

• Because there is no thyroid hormone production the cells divide.

• Over time, the gland enlarges because of constant hormone stimulation from hypothalamus.

Sometimes, nutritional problems can be caused because of PARASITES!

• A parasite is an organism that grows, feeds, and is sheltered on or in a different organism while contributing nothing to the hosts survival.

Example – TAPEWORM!!! GROSS

A tapeworm will consume a person’s nutrients, mainly

Vitamin B12.