Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
The Importance of Nutrients!
What happens if we do not receive proper nutrition?
The Food Guide Pyramid
A person ideally wants 2000 calories a day! But this depends on their age, weight, and activity levels.
Not Healthy Meals
A calorie is a unit of ENERGY
CAL-OR-IE
EN-ER-GY
Determined
By the
FDA
Food and
Drug Administration
I. Food and Energy:
A. ______________
1. Carbohydrates – Major source of energy
Nutrients
Carbohydrates
Carbohydrates – Think Sugar HIGH
There are different kinds of carbohydrates!
• Fiber! Keeps you regular!– YOUR BODY CANNOT DIGEST FIBER.
Other types of Carbs… Glucose simple sugar
ENZYME Starch
complex carbohydrate
Other types of Carbs…
Glucose Starch
ENZYME
Other types of Carbs…
Glucose Starch
ENZYME
Other types of Carbs…
Glucose Starch
ENZYME
Other types of Carbs…
Glucose Starch ENZYME
Other types of Carbs…
Glucose Starch ENZYME
2. ____________
a. Unsaturated – Liquid at room temperature
b. Saturated – Solid at room temperature
FATS
3. ________________ – Tissue growth and repair.
Proteins
Proteins
Vitamins
Vitamins - help chemical reactions
Vitamin Functions Natural Sources
Vitamin AHelps build healthy eyes,
required for growth and bone development.
Carrots, yams, pumpkins, yellow or orange fruits, beet greens, fish, eggs,
tuna
Vitamin B12
Helps maintain healthy nervous system, required
for normal growth and for production of red
blood cells.
Ham, clams, cooked oysters, king crab, herring,
salmon, tuna, lean beef, liver, low fat diary
products
Vitamin CRequired for formation of
connective tissue, bones and teeth.
Citrus fruits, strawberries, broccoli, melons, peppers, collards, dandelion greens, onions, radishes,
watercress
Vitamin DAides in normal bone
growth and tooth function.
Sun exposure, sardines, salmon, fortified milk,
fortified cereals, herring, liver, tuna, margarine,
cod liver oil
Minerals – not made by living things
Minerals are absorbed from soil by plants!
List of Minerals Essential to Humans
Mineral Roles in the Body
calcium:Blood clotting, intracellular signaling, muscle
contraction
iodine: Necessary for thyroid hormone production
iron:Helps to prevent anemia
magnesium:
Mineral present mainly in the bones
potassium:
Role in fluid and electrolyte balance; heart muscle activity; metabolism and protein synthesis
sodium: Maintains homeostasis in cellular environment.
6. ____________ - the most important nutrient
Water
WATER!We need two liters of water a day
to properly function!
Sometimes, problems or circumstances can occur when you do not receive
proper nutrition.
Your nutrition can be effected by several factors.
- disease- poverty - habitat
Examples of Diseases that affect Nutrition
• PKU – A GENETIC DISEASE
• Anorexia and Bulimia
Nutritional problems can also be caused due
to poverty or where you live!
When you lack vitamin C you can get SCURVY!
A goiter is caused by an iodine deficiency…
How does this happen!?Goiter is caused by lack of iodine….
• Hypothalamus sends hormones to stimulate thyroid gland to make a thyroid hormone
• Thyroid does nothing due to the lack of iodine.
• Because there is no thyroid hormone production the cells divide.
• Over time, the gland enlarges because of constant hormone stimulation from hypothalamus.
Sometimes, nutritional problems can be caused because of PARASITES!
• A parasite is an organism that grows, feeds, and is sheltered on or in a different organism while contributing nothing to the hosts survival.
Example – TAPEWORM!!! GROSS
A tapeworm will consume a person’s nutrients, mainly
Vitamin B12.
