Mellss yr2 forensic cns drug dependence

Definition of dependence and abuse of drugs

Nur Amalina bt. Aminuddin Baki60

Introduction

• Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 4th edition (DSM-IV)o Common language and criteria for classification of

mental retardation • International Classification of Diseases and

Related Health Problems 10th edition (ICD-10)oMedical classification list by WHO for

diseases, signs, symptoms, abnormal findings, complaint and causes of disorder

Differences

Substance Dependence • Arise out of maladaptive

pattern of substance use, leading to a cluster of behavioral, cognitive , and physiological phenomena that developed after repeated intake.

• Reliance/ controlled

Substance Abuse• Arise out of maladaptive

pattern of substance use, manifested by recurrent and significant adverse consequences related to repeated intake.

• Misuse

Substance Dependence • Strong desire to take drug• Difficult to control use • Persistent use despite

harmful consequences • Prioritizes above other • Increased tolerance • Physical withdrawal state

Substance Abuse• Occur recurrently during

same 12- month period• Harmful sequences due to

repeated use

• compulsive use, tolerance , withdrawal

Substance Intoxication

• DSM-IVo Unwanted physiological or psychological effect

that cause maladaptive behaviour• ICD-10

o Produce disturbance in level of consciousness, cognition, perception or behaviour that is clinically significant

Substance Withdrawal

• DSM-IVo Major symptoms resulting from cessation of

substance abuse , accompanied by behavioural change

o Caffein or cannabis• ICD-10

o Caffein or canabis

Physical Dependence • Alteration in neural system,

manifested by tolerance and withdrawal effect

Addiction• Compulsive use of drugs

resulting in harm and continued use despite that harm