GI anatomy review

GI ANATOMY REVIEW

Alyssa Jenkins, SMD 2013

Edited by Eric Ness, SMD 2014

GI:

Greater Omentum

Transverse Colon

Stomach

Gallbladder

Liver Lesser Omentum

Round Ligament of Liver

(Ligamentum Teres)

Diaphragm

Falciform Ligament

GI:

Ascending Colon

Transverse Colon

Stomach

Descending Colon

Small Intestine

Sigmoid Colon

Cecum

L Colic Flexure

R Colic Flexure

GI:

Sigmoid ColonCecum

Ascending ColonSmall Intestine

Stomach

Hepatic Portal Vein

Gallbladder

Common Bile DuctCystic Duct

Common Hepatic Duct

Gastroduodenal Artery

Appendix

GI:

Cecum

Ascending Colon Abdominal Aorta

Duodenum

Urinary Bladder with

Peritoneum

Sigmoid Colon

Taeniae Coli

Descending

Colon

Inferior Mesenteric

Vein with Branches

Left Colic Artery

Head of Pancreas

Neck of Pancreas

Body of Pancreas

Stomach

Tail of Pancreas

Splenic Vein

Splenic Artery

Spleen

Ileum

Sigmoid Artery

Superior Rectal Artery

Uncinate Process of

Pancreas

GI:

Hepatic Portal Vein

Liver

Gallbladder

Bile Duct

Major Duodenal

Papilla

Common Hepatic DuctRight Hepatic Duct

Spleen

Pancreas

Pancreatic Duct

Cystic Duct

Duodenum

Abdominal Aorta

GI VASCULATURE:

L Gastro-Omental Artery

(Branch of Splenic Artery)

R Gastro-Omental Artery

(Branch of Gastroduodenal Artery)Transverse Colon

Greater Omentum

Lesser Omentum

GI VASCULATURE:

Liver

Gallbladder

Duodenum

Ascending Colon

Ileum

Ileocecal Junction

Cecum

Small Intestine

Pancreas

R Colic Artery

Ileocolic Artery

Intestinal Arteries

Middle Colic Artery

Superior Mesenteric Artery

GI VASCULATURE:

Gallbladder

Duodenum

Common Bile Duct

Abdominal Aorta

Superior Rectal

Artery Sigmoid Colon

Inferior Mesenteric

Artery

Portal Vein

Stomach (transected)

Spleen

Sigmoid Arteries

Descending Colon

Inferior Mesenteric Vein

L Colic Artery

Splenic Vein

Celiac Trunk

GI VASCULATURE:

Mesentery

Stomach

Transverse Colon

L Colic Artery

Descending Colon

Liver

Gallbladder

Proper Hepatic Artery

Ascending Colon

Small Intestine

Middle Colic Artery

Duodenum

(Superior Segment)

L Gastric ArteryCommon Hepatic Artery

R Gastroduodenal Artery

Pylorus

GI VASCULATURE:

Splenic Artery

Pancreas

GI VASCULATURE:

Spleen

Left Colic Artery

L Gastro-omental

Artery

Duodenum

Inferior Mesenteric Vein

Liver

Descending Colon

L Hepatic Duct

Splenic Artery

L Gastric Artery

Splenic Vein

R Hepatic Duct

Common Hepatic Duct

Gallbladder

Cystic Duct

Common Bile Duct

Gastroduodenal Artery

R/L Hepatic Arteries

Hepatic Portal Vein Proper Hepatic

Artery

Celiac Trunk

Superior Mesenteric Vein

STOMACH:

Bile Duct

EsophagusFundus of Stomach

Pancreas

Pyloric Part of

Stomach

Horizontal Part

of Duodenum

Greater Curvature

Lesser Curvature

Stomach

Body of Stomach

Superior Part of

Duodenum

Descending Part of

Duodenum

Cardia of Stomach

Antrum Part of

Stomach

STOMACH:Esophagus

Duodenum

Major Duodenal

Papilla

Pancreatic Duct

Body of Stomach

Bile Duct

Pyloric Sphincter

Gastric Folds (Rugae)

Fundus of StomachLower Esophageal

Sphincter

Cardia of Stomach

Pyloric Orifice

PELVIS FEMALE

Rectum

External Anal Sphincter

Anal Canal

Recto-uterine Pouch

Urinary Bladder

Uterus

PELVIS MALE

Rectum

External Anal Sphincter

Internal Anal Sphincter

Recto-vesical Pouch

Urinary Bladder

Prostate

Anal Canal

VH DISSECTOR – GI 1690 – ABDOMINAL WALL

Aponeurosis External Oblique

(Anteror Rectus Sheath)

Aponeurosis Internal Oblique

(Anterior Lamina Anterior

Rectus Sheath; Posterior

Lamina Posterior Rectus

Sheath)Aponeurosis Transversalis

Abdominis (Posterior

Rectus Sheath)

Rectus Abdominus

Stomach

Hepatic Veins

Esophagus

Left Lobe LiverRight Lobe Liver

Cross Section 1497

Stomach

Transverse Colon

Descending Colon

Splenic Flexure

IVC

Stomach

Cross Section 1535

Right branch

Hepatic Portal Vein

Left branch

Hepatic Portal Vein

Cross Section 1585

Transverse Colon

Ascending Colon

Transverse Colon

Pancreas

Superior Mesenteric Vein

Duodenum

Celiac Trunk

IVC

Descending Colon

Hepatic Flexure

Cross Section 1602

Bile Duct

Duodenum

Transverse Colon

IVC

SMA

SMVJejunum

Descending

Colon

Abdominal

Aorta

Ascending

Colon

Transverse Colon

Psoas Major

Quadratus

Lumborum

Cross Section 1614

Jejunum

Descending

Colon

Abdominal Aorta

(Renal Arteries

Branching)

Transverse

ColonTransverse

Colon

Ascending

ColonSMV

SMA

IVC (Renal

Veins

Branching)

Psoas Major

Quadratus

Lumborum

Cross Section 1639

SMV

IVC

Transverse

Colon

Duodenum

Ascending

Colon

Ileum

Jejunum

Abdominal

Aorta

Psoas Major

Quadratus

Lumborum

Cross Section 1660

Ascending

Colon

Transverse

Colon

Aorta

Duodenum

Ileum

Jejunum

Descending Colon

Left kidney

Ileum

Start of Ileum

Psoas Major

Quadratus

Lumborum

SMV

Ileocolic Artery

Cross Section 1681

Psoas Major

Quadratus

Lumborum

Ascending

Colon

Ileum

Proximal

Ileum

Descending

Colon

Distal Jejunum

Cross Section 1703

Ileum

Descending Colon

Ascending Colon

IVC

Abdominal Aorta

Psoas Major

Quadratus

Lumborum

Cross Section 1741

Ileum

Descending Colon

Ascending

Colon

Small Intestine

(Terminal Ileum)

Common Iliac

Artery and Vein Psoas Major

Iliacus

Ileum

Cecum

Cross Section 1823

Sigmoid Colon

Ileum

Sigmoid Colon

Iliacus

Internal Iliac Veins

Cross Section 1853

Sigmoid Colon

Rectum

Iliacus

Rectus Abdominis

Cross Section 1906

Levator Ani (Puborectalis)

Rectum

Prostate

Cross Section 1943

External Anal Sphincter

Internal Anal Sphincter

Anus

Cross Section 3701 – Female

External Anal Sphincter

RectumInternal Anal Sphincter

PRACTICE QUESTIONS

1. NAME THAT STRUCTURE:

CELIAC TRUNK

–CAN YOU NAME ITS BRANCHES?

2. WHAT IS THE NAME OF THIS AREA?

HEPATIC FLEXURE

3. NAME THAT STRUCTURE?

RECTUM

4. NAME THAT STRUCTURE…

Ligamentum Teres

OF WHAT STRUCTURE IS IT A REMNANT?

Ligamentum Teres

FETAL UMBILICAL VEIN

Ligamentum Teres

5. NAME THAT STRUCTURE…

Proper Hepatic Artery

NAME ITS SOURCE:

Common Hepatic Artery

NAME ITS BRANCHES:

-Right Gastric a.

-Right hepatic a. (-> cystic a.)

-Left hepatic a.

(-Supraduodenal a.)

6. NAME THAT STRUCTURE…

Small Intestine

WHAT ARE ITS THREE SECTIONS?

-Duodenum

-Jejunum

-Ileum

8. NAME THAT STRUCTURE…

Left Colic Artery

IF YOU FOLLOW THAT VESSEL DISTALLY, WHAT

VESSEL COMES NEXT? WHAT OTHER VESSEL

FORMS THAT VESSEL?

-Marginal Artery

-Middle Colic Artery via the Superior Mesenteric Artery

9. FIND THE MAJOR DUODENAL PAPILLA

WHAT IS THE MAJOR DUODENAL PAPILLA’S

DEVELOPMENTAL SIGNIFICANCE?

-Divides foregut from midgut

10. WHICH IS CORRECT?

A. Few arcades, short vasa recta many arcades, long vasa recta

B. Few arcades, long vasa recta many arcades, short vasa recta

C. Many arcades, long vasa recta few arcades, short vasa recta

D. Many arcades, short vasa recta few arcades, long vasa recta

Jejunum Ileum

11. NAME THE PARTS OF THE STOMACH…

Fundus

Pylorus

Greater Curvature

Lesser Curvature

Body

Cardia

Antrum

12. NAME THE PARTS OF THE DUODENUM…

1. Superior

2. Descending

3. Horizontal

4. Ascending

Which of these parts are intraperitoneal? Retroperitoneal?

-First part of superior segment – intraperitoneal

-Rest of superior segment, all of descending, horizontal, and ascending

segments - retroperitoneal

GOOD LUCK!!!