A short introduction to the Autonomic Nervous System

SHORT INTRODUCTION TO THE AUTONOMIC NERVOUS

SYSTEM

COORDINATES THE REGULATION AND INTEGRATION OF BODILY FUNCTIONS.

ACTIVITIES ARE NOT UNDER DIRECT CONSCIOUS CONTROL.

THE HUMAN NERVOUS SYSTEM DIVISIONS

1PERIPHERAL NERVOUS

SYSTEM

NERVOUS SYSTEM

2CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM

THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEMS

BRAIN

SPINAL CORD

1-THE PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM

EFFERENT/MOTOR NEURONS CARRY SIGNALS AWAY FROM THE CNS.

AFFERENT/SENSORY NEURONS CARRY SIGNALS TOWARDS CNS.

PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEMNEURONS ARE LOCATED

OUTDISE CNS.A-EFFERENT DIVISION

B- AFFERENT DIVISION

A-EFFERENT DIVISION

a- AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM

a- AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM

b- SOMATIC NERVOUS SYSTEM

ENTERIC BRAIN OF THE GUTPARASYMPATHATIC CRANIOSACRAL DIVISIONSYMPATHATIC THORACOLUMBAR DIVISION

THE NERVOUS SYSTEM SUMMARISED

THE ENTERIC NERVOUS SYSTEM THIRD DIVISION OF ANS. INNERVATE GIT, PANCREAS AND

GALLBLADDER. CONSTITUTES THE BRAIN OF THE

GUT. MODULATED BY BOTH

PARASYMPATHETIC AND SYMPATHATIC NERVOUS SYSTEMS.

PARASYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM

PREGANGLIONIC FIBRES ARISE FROM CRANIAL NERVES (III,VII,IX,X) & SACRAL REGION (S2 TO S4) OF THE SPINAL CORD.

KNOW AS CRANIOSACRAL REGION. DOMINANT IN REST AND DIGEST

SITUATIONS. MAINTAIN HOMEOSTASIS. EXAMPLES INCLUDE DIGESTION AND

ELIMINATION OF WASTES.

SYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM

PREGANGLIONIC NEURONS ORIGINATE IN THORACIC AND LUMBAR REGION (T1 & L2) OF SPINAL CORD.

KNOWN AS THORACOLUMBAR REGION. RSPONDS TO STRESSFUL SITUTAIONS. PREPARES BODY FOR FIGHT AND FLIGHT

RESPONSE BY INCREASING HEART RATE AND BP , INCREASES BLOOD FLOW TO MUSCLES & HEART, DILATES PUPIL.

SYMPATHEITIC AND PARASYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEMS , A COMPARISION

PARASYMPATHETIC AND SYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM, A COMPARSION

THINGS TO REMEMBERNEURON ALSO CALLED AS A NERVE CELL.IT IS THE

BASIC STRUTUCRAL AND FUNCTIONAL CELL OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEMS.

PROCESSES AND TRANSMITS INFORMATION THROUGH ELECTRICAL AND CHEMICAL SIGNALS.

PREGANGLIONIC NEURON A NEURON WHOSE CELL BODY IS

LOCATED WITHIN THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM.

CONTAINS A MYELINATED AXON THAT TRAVELS OUT OF THE CNS.

MAKE A SYNAPTIC CONNECTION IN GANGLION (AGGREGATION OF NERVE CELL BODIES LOCATED IN PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM).

PREGANGLIONIC NEURON

POSTGANGLIONIC NEURON NEURON WHOSE CELL BODY IS LOCATED

WITHIN A GANGLION OUTSIDE CNS AND WHOSE FIBRES EXTEND FROM THE GANGLION TO THE EFFECTOR ORGANS.

USUALLY NON-MYELINATED. GANGLIA SERVE AS RELAY STATION

BETWEEN THE PRE AND POST GANGLIONIC FIBRES (SEE PREVIOUS SLIDE).

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