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Khanittha Charoenlarp1* and Tanapong Duangmanee2
1*Textile Chemical Engineering Division, Rajamangala
University of Technology Krungthep 2 Mae Fah Luang Foundation Under Royal Patronge
Efficiency of Wastewater Treatment Using
a Combination System of Plantbed Filter
and Aerators from Doi Tung Development Project.
Doi Tung Development Project : Mae Fah Luang Foundation Under Royal Patronage
Doi Tung Development Project : Mae Fah Luang Foundation Under Royal Patronage
Existing system
Wastewater pond
Industrial wastewater sources (20-30 m3/day)
Constructed wetland
Macadamia charcoal filter
Anaerobic pond
Wastewater pretreatment rail
Treated water pond
BOD = 370 mg/L
COD = 620 mg/L
BOD = 265 mg/L
COD = 470 mg/L BOD = 130 mg/L
COD = 290 mg/L
BOD = 13 mg/L
COD = 100 mg/L
27 m x 7m x 1m
Vertical flow constructed wetland
Existing system
• Performance
BOD removal = 97%
COD removal = 84%
Color removal = Acceptable color
• Problem
Clogging began after 6 months – 1 year
(Expected life was 3 years)
Propose solution
Hybrid Constructed Wetland
- Floating planted system
- Planted bed system
- Aeration system
Floating planted system
Aeration system Plantedbed system
Floating plants
Plantbed filter
Methodology
5 experimental systems (2 duplicate). I: Aerator system II: Aerator system + Plantbed system III: Aerator system + Floating Planted system + Plantbed system
IV: Aeration system reduced by half + Floating Planted system + Plantbed system
V: Aeration system reduced by half + Floating Planted system + Plantbed system +
Sand filter system
W x L x H =3.8 m x 5.9 m x 2 m
200L 50L
influent effluent
Sand 15 cm 26 cm
19.5 cm
100 cm
valves
influent effluent 30 cm 30 cm
100 cm
90 cm
18 cm
70 cm
water level 10 cm
Influent characteristics
parameter STD
pH 7.64±0.18 5-9
SS (mg/L) 63.95±30.49 50
COD (mg/L) 345±61.09 120
BOD (mg/L) 141.87±73.13 20
NH4+-N (mg/L) 7.60±4.29
NO3- - N (mg/L) 32.99±15.38
PO43- (mg/L) 1.73±0.98
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22
SS
(m
g/L
)
SS treatment 1 (mg/L) effluent standard (mg/L)
Treatment 1
Treatment 2
0
50
100
150
200
250
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22
SS
(m
g/L
)
SS treatment 2 (mg/L) effluent standard (mg/L)
Treatment 3
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22
SS
(m
g/L
)
SS treatment 3 (mg/L) effluent standard (mg/L)
Treatment 4
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22
SS
(m
g/L
)
SS treatment 4 (mg/L) effluent standard (mg/L)
-16.5
-16.0
-15.5
-15.0
-14.5
-14.0
-13.5
8.68
8.70
8.72
8.74
8.76
8.78
8.80
8.82
8.84
8.86
8.88
8.90
treatment 1 treatment 2 treatment 3 treatment 4
pH
pH pH change (%)
pH
chan
ge (%
)
-200.0
-150.0
-100.0
-50.0
0.0
50.0
100.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
100.0
120.0
140.0
160.0
180.0
treatment 1 treatment 2 treatment 3 treatment 4
SS
(m
g/L
)
SS (mg/L) STD (mg/L) SS removal (%)
SS
removal (%
) 167.67
29.56 26.00 24.72
88.0
88.5
89.0
89.5
90.0
90.5
91.0
91.5
92.0
92.5
93.0
0.0
5.0
10.0
15.0
20.0
25.0
treatment 1 treatment 2 treatment 3 treatment 4
BO
D (
mg/L
)
BOD (mg/L) STD (mg/L) BOD removal (%)
BO
D rem
oval (%
)
11.69 10.67 11.34
14.87
0.0
10.0
20.0
30.0
40.0
50.0
60.0
70.0
80.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
100.0
120.0
140.0
160.0
180.0
200.0
treatment 1 treatment 2 treatment 3 treatment 4
CO
D (
mg/L
)
COD (mg/L) STD (mg/L) COD removal (%)
CO
D rem
ova
l (%)
178.33
104.78 111.39 112.40
-60.0
-50.0
-40.0
-30.0
-20.0
-10.0
0.0
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
treatment 1 treatment 2 treatment 3 treatment 4
Ort
ho
-P (
mg/L
)
Ortho-P (mg/L) Ortho-P removal (%)
Orth
o-P
removal (%
)
2.07
2.45 3.60 3.65
46.0
47.0
48.0
49.0
50.0
51.0
52.0
53.0
3.5
3.5
3.6
3.6
3.7
3.7
3.8
3.8
3.9
3.9
4.0
treatment 1 treatment 2 treatment 3 treatment 4
am
mon
ia (
mg/L
)
ammonia (mg/L) ammonia removal (%)
am
mon
ia rem
oval (%
)
3.89
3.82
3.60
3.81
59.0
60.0
61.0
62.0
63.0
64.0
65.0
66.0
67.0
68.0
69.0
9.5
10.0
10.5
11.0
11.5
12.0
12.5
treatment 1 treatment 2 treatment 3 treatment 4
nit
rate
(m
g/L
nitrate (mg/L) nitrate removal (%)
nitra
te removal (%
) 12.35
10.66
11.46
12.14
-18
-16
-14
-12
-10
-8
-6
-4
-2
0treatment1 treatment2 treatment3 treatment4
pH
ch
an
ge (
%)
flow rate 21.0 mL/min flow rate 31.5 mL/min-120
-100
-80
-60
-40
-20
0
20
40
60
80
treatment1 treatment2 treatment3 treatment4
SS
rem
ova
l (%
)
flow rate 21.0 mL/min flow rate 31.5 mL/min
82
84
86
88
90
92
94
96
treatment1 treatment2 treatment3 treatment4
BO
D r
em
ov
al
(%)
flow rate 21.0 mL/min flow rate 31.5 mL/min
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
treatment1 treatment2 treatment3 treatment4
CO
D r
em
ov
al
(%)
flow rate 21.0 mL/min flow rate 31.5 mL/min
-200
-150
-100
-50
0
50
100
treatment 1 treatment 2 treatment 3 treatment 4
SS
rem
ova
l (%
)
with sand filtrated without sand filtrated
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
treatment 1 treatment 2 treatment 3 treatment 4
CO
D r
emo
va
l (%
)
with sand filtrated without sand filtrated
Water Canna (Thalia Geniculata)
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
W1 W2 W3 W4 W5 W6 W7 W8 W9 W10W11W12W13
stem
hei
gh
t (C
M)
treatment 2 treatment 3 treatment 4
Umbella Plant (Cyperus Alternifolius)
020406080
100120140160180200
9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21
stem
hei
gh
t (c
m)
treatment3 treatment4
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
w3 w6 w9 w18 w21 w24
roo
t le
ng
th (
cm)
treatment 3 treatment 4
Summary
• reduce the amount of air in half without affecting the performance. • The roots of floating plants as a habitat for microorganisms. • Planted bed filter decrease suspended solid • Sand filter system / Sedimentation system can be controlled to lower
BOD and SS effluent standards. • Sedimentation pond require less maintenance than sand filter system
• Sand filter system have to clean sand backwashing way to get rid of the SS stuck in the sand.
Improved wastewater treatment
Plantedbed1
plantedbed 2
Influent
rom
anaerobic pond
Treated water pond
Industrial wastewater sources (20-30 m3/day)
Wastewater pond
Macadamia charcoal filter Anaerobic pond
Wastewater pretreatment rail
BOD = 370 mg/L
COD = 620 mg/L
BOD = 265 mg/L
COD = 470 mg/L
BOD = 130 mg/L
COD = 290 mg/L
plantedbed 2
Treated water pond
Plantedbed1
Hybrid Constructed Wetland (floating planted+ planted bed + Aerator)
Thank you
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