The Utilization Potential of Rice Husk as an Alternative Energy Source for Power Plants in Indonesia

1Department of Thermodynamics and Fluid Mechanics, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering,

Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Skudai, Johor, Malaysia.2Marine Technology Centre, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti

Teknologi Malaysia,81310 Skudai, Johor, Malaysia.aM.Anshar60@yahoo.com, babdsaman@fkm.utm.my, cfarid@fkm.utm.my

Introduction

Introduction (C…)

Materials and Methods

Materials and Methods (c…)

Materials and Methods (c…)

Year RP

[106ton]

RH

[106ton]

EqCoal

[106ton]

EqOil

[106ton]

EPRH

[TJ]

EERH

[GWh]

ECRH

[GW]

2001 50.46 10.09 5.23 2.91 141,289 39,247 4,480

2002 51.38 10.28 5.33 2.97 143,863 39,962 4,562

2003 52.14 10.43 5.41 3.01 145,984 40,551 4,629

2004 54.09 10.82 5.61 3.13 151,448 42,069 4,802

2005 54.16 10.83 5.62 3.13 151,636 42,121 4,808

2006 54.46 10.89 5.65 3.14 152,474 42,354 4,835

2007 57.16 11.43 5.93 3.30 160,042 44,456 5,075

2008 60.33 12.07 6.26 3.48 168,912 46,920 5,356

2009 64.40 12.88 6.68 3.72 180,317 50,088 5,718

2010 66.47 13.29 6.89 3.84 186,113 51,698 5,902

2011 65.76 13.15 6.82 3.80 184,118 51,144 5,838

2012 69.05 13.81 7.16 3.99 193,327 53,702 6,130

RESULT AND DISCUSSION

Table 1. Development of RH Potential in Indonesia in 2001-2012

Table 2. Energy Potential of Rice Husk for each Province in Indonesia in 2011.

Province PP

[106ton]

RH

[106ton]

EqCoal

[106ton]

EqOil

[106ton]

EERH

[GWh]

ECRH

[MW]

Jawa Barat 11.634 2.327 1.207 0.672 9,049 1,033

Jawa Timur 10.577 2.115 1.097 0.611 8,226 939

Jawa Tengah 9.392 1.878 0.974 0.542 7,305 834

Sulsel 4.511 0.902 0.468 0.261 3,509 401

Sumut 3.607 0.721 0.374 0.208 2,806 320

Sumsel 3.382 0.676 0.351 0.195 2,630 300

Lampung 2.941 0.588 0.305 0.170 2,287 261

Sumbar 2.279 0.456 0.236 0.132 1,773 202

NTB 2.067 0.413 0.214 0.119 1,608 184

Kalsel 2.038 0.408 0.211 0.118 1,585 181

Banten 1.950 0.390 0.202 0.113 1,516 173

Aceh 1.773 0.355 0.184 0.102 1,379 157

Kalbar 1.374 0.275 0.143 0.079 1,069 122

Sulteng 1,039 0.208 0.108 0.060 808 92

Bali 0.858 0.172 0.089 0.050 668 76

Yogyakarta 0.843 0.169 0.087 0.049 656 75

Jambi 0.647 0.129 0.067 0.037 503 57

Kalteng 0.110 0.122 0.063 0.035 476 54

Sulut 0.596 0.119 0.062 0.034 464 53

NTT 0.591 0.118 0.061 0.034 460 53

Kaltim 0.554 0.111 0.057 0.032 431 49

Riau 0.536 0.107 0.056 0.031 417 48

Total 63.800 12.760 6.616 3.683 49,622 5,664

In Table 1, the RP increased significantly

every year for 12 years, except in 2011

has decreased by about 1.1%, but

increased again around 5% in 2012.

In general, the potential of RH increased

by around 36.8% in 2001-2012), or an

average increase = 3.1% per year, as

presented in Figure 1.

Fig. 1. Relationship of Equivalent between RH with coal and oil10.0

9

10.2

8

10.4

3

10.8

2

10.8

3

10.8

9

11.4

3

12.0

7

12.8

8

13.2

9

13.1

5

13.8

1

5.2

3

5.3

3

5.4

1

5.6

1

5.6

2

5.6

5

5.9

3

6.2

6

6.6

8

6.8

9

6.8

2

7.1

6

2.9

1

2.9

7

3.0

1

3.1

3

3.1

3

3.1

4

3.3

0

3.4

8

3.7

2

3.8

4

3.8

0

3.9

0

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

RH

, Aq

Co

al, A

qO

il(1

06

ton

)

RH EqCoal EqOil

n 2011, the total obtained

Fig. 2. Percentage use of coal in 2011

HSD (GWh),

13,035, 7%

MFO (GWh),

5,194, 3%

Gas (GWh),

45,753, 25%Coal (GWh),

99,312, 54%

Hydro (GWh),

10,296, 5%

Geo-termal

(GWh), 10,672,

6%

Fig. 3. Projected use of coal in 2010-2019

201078,453

201199,312

2012104,055

2013111,976

2014123,842

2015141,848

2016160,984

2017180,469

2018194,376

2019220,410

Coal (GWh)

Conclusions

Conclusions (c…)

THANK YOU

MIMEC 2013