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2012Grenoble Electrical Engineering Laboratory (G2Elab)Schneider Electric Utility Innovation
• 1
FROM FIT&FORGET TO #IoT DRIVEN DISTRIBUTION NETWORKTHE IMPORTANCE OF STANDARDIZATION & DECENTRALIZATION
Increase Summer School 2015Gaspard Lebel - VPP & Smart Grid Innovation
Gent – Belgium - July 15th
gaspard.lebel@g2elab.grenoble-inp.fr gaspard-lebel @gaspardlebel
Gaspard Lebel | G2Elab | Schneider Electric Innovation | July 2015
MSc in Energy systems and associated markets
First experience of Demand Response aggregationof TSOs services supply
Industrial PhD in ancillary services supply to the Utilities based on DER coordination (VPP)
From Business Analysis to Field Test demo.
Involvement in 3 European Projects & Innovation initiave.
Formal meeting with major European DSOs Innovation managers
Presentation
• 2
gaspard-lebel
gaspard.lebel@g2elab.grenoble-inp.fr
@gaspardlebel
From
energym
arketanalysisto D
SO
soperation
@
Gaspard Lebel | G2Elab | Schneider Electric Innovation | July 2015
Foreword | Grid Automation Roadmap | Challenges | SGAM | Dream FP7 use cases Foreword
Outline
The Smart Grid back in its context
The history of feeder automation & the illusion of100% Smart Grid functions roll-out
The decentralization & standardization as keyschallenges to come
The opportunity of SGAM standardization commitee forinteroperability
The application of decentralized Smart Grid functionsin
• 3
Grid Automation Roadmap Challenges Dream FP7 use cases SGAM
Gaspard Lebel | G2Elab | Schneider Electric Innovation | July 2015 • 4
Foreword | Grid Automation Roadmap | Challenges | SGAM | Dream FP7 use cases
Foreword
Gaspard Lebel | G2Elab | Schneider Electric Innovation | July 2015
Foreword
The political & societal reality should be kept in mindfor any R&D contribution in Power Networks:
Decarbonisation of the power production assets
Trends of electrification of things to handle
(Heat Pumps, Electrical Vehicles)
… to be satisfied at the cheapest cost for the Society
• 5
Role of the Grid:
Minimization of the non feed-in energy through:
Maximization of market coupling
Power quality regulation & congestion management
Foreword | Grid Automation Roadmap | Challenges | SGAM | Dream FP7 use cases
Gaspard Lebel | G2Elab | Schneider Electric Innovation | July 2015
Foreword
Need for pragmatism & cost minimization at the scale of the public society
• 6
?3kW
x400hr
PV
Grid reinforcement
Hot water
+ Intelligence
Study EWI: 10%curtailment enablesto double the gridintegration ability
RES-E curtailment
Thermal Storage
+ Intelligence
Chemical Storage
/ /
Foreword | Grid Automation Roadmap | Challenges | SGAM | Dream FP7 use cases
Gaspard Lebel | G2Elab | Schneider Electric Innovation | July 2015
Foreword
• 7
Grid reinforcement
100%
+ +
90%
+ +
= x MWh/y
= z MWh/y
xz
?
Additional Capacity
Hot water
+ Intelligence/
Foreword | Grid Automation Roadmap | Challenges | SGAM | Dream FP7 use cases
Gaspard Lebel | G2Elab | Schneider Electric Innovation | July 2015 • 8
Foreword | Grid Automation Roadmap | Challenges | SGAM | Dream FP7 use cases
Technical Road Map of Network Automation
Gaspard Lebel | G2Elab | Schneider Electric Innovation | July 2015
Technical Road Map of Network Automation
• 9
Foreword | Grid Automation Roadmap | Challenges | SGAM | Dream FP7 use cases
Gaspard Lebel | G2Elab | Schneider Electric Innovation | July 2015
Gaspard Lebel | G2Elab | Schneider Electric Innovation | July 2015
Gaspard Lebel | G2Elab | Schneider Electric Innovation | July 2015
Gaspard Lebel | G2Elab | Schneider Electric Innovation | July 2015
Gaspard Lebel | G2Elab | Schneider Electric Innovation | July 2015
Gaspard Lebel | G2Elab | Schneider Electric Innovation | July 2015
Gaspard Lebel | G2Elab | Schneider Electric Innovation | July 2015
Gaspard Lebel | G2Elab | Schneider Electric Innovation | July 2015 • 17
Foreword | Grid Automation Roadmap | Challenges | SGAM | Dream FP7 use cases
Challenges
Gaspard Lebel | G2Elab | Schneider Electric Innovation | July 2015
Challenges of decentralization
• 18
20172015Not yet really DSO-operated in FR
5% roll-out + highoperation delay (≈ 4hr)
No LV measurement neither DSO-controlled assets
No precise MV current& voltage sensors No MV/LV
OLTC
10-15% of remotellycontrolled switch gearBut:
Anectodal(100-150MW)
Full feeder automation capability coming soon……but with which roll-out?
Foreword | Grid Automation Roadmap | Challenges | SGAM | Dream FP7 use cases
Gaspard Lebel | G2Elab | Schneider Electric Innovation | July 2015
100% Smart Grid roll-out scenario
100% of:
Smart Meters :
MV/LV substation RTU :
MV/LV OLTC :
+ Standardization cost, ICT cost, etc.
• 19
170 €+ 100 €+ 200 €
= 500 – 700 €
= 17 – 24 B€
per end-user
for ErDF
9 – 12* GW of on-shore wind power
*2€/W installed costFrance Sept. 2014:
8.8GW installed
100% Smart-Grid
Foreword | Grid Automation Roadmap | Challenges | SGAM | Dream FP7 use cases
Gaspard Lebel | G2Elab | Schneider Electric Innovation | July 2015
Challenges of decentralization
Blind LV networks especiallyfrom the DMS view
Only down the meters flexibilityavailable in the LV
Uncertainties around the Smart Meters
No short-term massive network automation roll-out
At short term, still surgicalaction of DSO for constraintmanagement
While technology is almost there!
• 20
Claim
Decentralized solution
Not DMS-related
Based on step-by-stepautomation
Involving the down the meters flexibility
unknown• Effective DSOs’ need?
• Interoperability
Centralized Real-time
delay in FR: ≈4hr
Foreword | Grid Automation Roadmap | Challenges | SGAM | Dream FP7 use cases
Gaspard Lebel | G2Elab | Schneider Electric Innovation | July 2015
Challenge of standardization
New paradigm & opportunity of standardization:
DSOs as private ICT network operator
= opportunity of ICT channel sharing to connect DER
DSOs as manager of non DSO-owned assets
= need for communication capability between RTUs & DERs
Perspective of too many DER to connect
= need for DMS & RTUs compliant connectivity
Presence of too large DER critical size to pay-back business-as-usualload controller
= opportunity of standardization for cost leverage through native protocol embedment.
• 21
Foreword | Grid Automation Roadmap | Challenges | SGAM | Dream FP7 use cases
Gaspard Lebel | G2Elab | Schneider Electric Innovation | July 2015
Challenge of standardization
Issue of going through the meter:
• 22
DMS
Power Power
ICT (PLC) ICT (RX/TX)
ICT (TCP/IP)
Regulatory issue
Server- 8-2
ADSL box
Energy BoxSmart MeterMV/LV RTU
Foreword | Grid Automation Roadmap | Challenges | SGAM | Dream FP7 use cases
Gaspard Lebel | G2Elab | Schneider Electric Innovation | July 2015
Challenge of standardization
Issue of going through the meter:
• 23
Power Power
ICT (PLC) ICT (RX/TX)
ICT (TCP/IP)
Server
- 8-2
ADSL box
Energy BoxSmart MeterMV/LV RTU
Foreword | Grid Automation Roadmap | Challenges | SGAM | Dream FP7 use cases
Gaspard Lebel | G2Elab | Schneider Electric Innovation | July 2015 • 24
SGAM
Foreword | Grid Automation Roadmap | Challenges | SGAM | Dream FP7 use cases
Gaspard Lebel | G2Elab | Schneider Electric Innovation | July 2015
SGAM
Developped by under Mandate M/490 of the European Commission
Driver: « Interoperability is seen as a key enabler of Smart Grid »
Interoperabitily is not only technical
• 25
Arnaud Ulian Business Use Case definition
Foreword | Grid Automation Roadmap | Challenges | SGAM | Dream FP7 use cases
GridWise Architecture Council(GWAC)
Deliverable 2.1 Business Use Cases Definition and Requirements
Gaspard Lebel | G2Elab | Schneider Electric Innovation | July 2015
SGAM
Interoperability Layers
• 26
GridWise Architecture Council(GWAC)
SGAM
Foreword | Grid Automation Roadmap | Challenges | SGAM | Dream FP7 use cases
Gaspard Lebel | G2Elab | Schneider Electric Innovation | July 2015
Interoperability Layers
SGAM
• 27
Physical distribution of all participating components:System actors + power system equipment + network infra.
Protocols & mecanism for interoperable information exchange
Recap information exchanged between function, services &components
Represent the business view of the information exchangerelated to Smart Grid function
Describe function & services + their architectural relationship=> Function represented independantly from actors andphysical implementation Function = use case functionality
Info
rmat
ion
driv
en
Foreword | Grid Automation Roadmap | Challenges | SGAM | Dream FP7 use cases
Gaspard Lebel | G2Elab | Schneider Electric Innovation | July 2015
SGAM
• 28
Smart Grid Plane
Hierarchical level for the management of the electrical process –
thanks to information
Power System Managementelectrical process OR information management
Energy Conversion Chain
Foreword | Grid Automation Roadmap | Challenges | SGAM | Dream FP7 use cases
Gaspard Lebel | G2Elab | Schneider Electric Innovation | July 2015
SGAM
• 29
DG only (MV)
Prosumer (DG+DR)
Physical process & associated equipment(generators, transformers, cables, loads)
Protection, Control & Monitoring equipment(protec. Relays, bay controllers, RTUs, etc.)
Companies’ commercial & org. processes and services (asset manag. work force manag.,
customer relation, billing & procurement)
SCADA systems(DSM, ESM, VPP & DER controllers)
Adressable Markets(wholesale, retail, ancillary services, etc.)
Aggregation entities(data concentration, functionnal aggregation, etc.)
Smart Grid Plane
Real-time functions
Foreword | Grid Automation Roadmap | Challenges | SGAM | Dream FP7 use cases
Gaspard Lebel | G2Elab | Schneider Electric Innovation | July 2015
SGAM
• 30
x
SGAM Framework
Smart GridPlane
Interoperability Layers
SGAM Framework
Foreword | Grid Automation Roadmap | Challenges | SGAM | Dream FP7 use cases
Gaspard Lebel | G2Elab | Schneider Electric Innovation | July 2015
SGAM
• 31
SGAM Framework
SGAM Framework
Development methodology
1
2
3
5
4
Use case
Foreword | Grid Automation Roadmap | Challenges | SGAM | Dream FP7 use cases
Gaspard Lebel | G2Elab | Schneider Electric Innovation | July 2015
SGAM
Application of SGAM on a use case of Reactive Power
Control based on DER
• 32
1 Component Layer
CEN-CENELEC-ETSI Smart Grid Coordination Group Smart Grid Reference Architecture – November 2012
Example:
Foreword | Grid Automation Roadmap | Challenges | SGAM | Dream FP7 use cases
Gaspard Lebel | G2Elab | Schneider Electric Innovation | July 2015
SGAM
Application of SGAM on a use case of Reactive Power
Control based on DER
• 33
1
2
Component Layer
Business Layer
CEN-CENELEC-ETSI Smart Grid Coordination Group Smart Grid Reference Architecture – November 2012
Example:
Foreword | Grid Automation Roadmap | Challenges | SGAM | Dream FP7 use cases
Gaspard Lebel | G2Elab | Schneider Electric Innovation | July 2015
SGAM
Application of SGAM on a use case of Reactive Power
Control based on DER
• 34
1
2
3
Component Layer
Business Layer
Function Layer
CEN-CENELEC-ETSI Smart Grid Coordination Group Smart Grid Reference Architecture – November 2012
Example:
Foreword | Grid Automation Roadmap | Challenges | SGAM | Dream FP7 use cases
Gaspard Lebel | G2Elab | Schneider Electric Innovation | July 2015
SGAM
Application of SGAM on a use case of Reactive Power
Control based on DER
• 35
1
2
3
4
Component Layer
Business Layer
Function Layer
Information Layer
CEN-CENELEC-ETSI Smart Grid Coordination Group Smart Grid Reference Architecture – November 2012
Example:
Foreword | Grid Automation Roadmap | Challenges | SGAM | Dream FP7 use cases
Gaspard Lebel | G2Elab | Schneider Electric Innovation | July 2015
SGAM
Application of SGAM on a use case of Reactive Power
Control based on DER
• 36
1
2
3
4
Component Layer
Business Layer
Function Layer
Information Layer
CEN-CENELEC-ETSI Smart Grid Coordination Group Smart Grid Reference Architecture – November 2012
Example:
Foreword | Grid Automation Roadmap | Challenges | SGAM | Dream FP7 use cases
Gaspard Lebel | G2Elab | Schneider Electric Innovation | July 2015
SGAM
Application of SGAM on a use case of Reactive Power
Control based on DER
• 37
1
2
3
5
4
Component Layer
Business Layer
Function Layer
Information Layer
Communication Layer
CEN-CENELEC-ETSI Smart Grid Coordination Group Smart Grid Reference Architecture – November 2012
Example:
Foreword | Grid Automation Roadmap | Challenges | SGAM | Dream FP7 use cases
Gaspard Lebel | G2Elab | Schneider Electric Innovation | July 2015 • 38
Foreword | Grid Automation Roadmap | Challenges | SGAM | Dream FP7 use cases
LV4MV:A CONCEPT OF VOLTAGE MANAGEMENT USING DER FLEXIBILITY
Gaspard Lebel | G2Elab | Schneider Electric Innovation | July 2015
LV4MV:A CONCEPT OF VOLTAGE MANAGEMENT USING DER FLEXIBILITY
Network Operation Driver: - assuming a 2015 network
• 39
Foreword | Grid Automation Roadmap | Challenges | SGAM | Dream FP7 use cases
Decentralized solution
Not DMS-related
Based on step-by-stepautomation
Involving the down the metersflexibility
Over voltage feedback
Assets Management Driver:
- solve LV voltage violation induced by PV
Voltage violation on the distribution network are induced by PV
80% of PV connection points occur in LV Grids
The LV is a « blind word »
Paradigm:
Gaspard Lebel | G2Elab | Schneider Electric Innovation | July 2015
3 Secondary Substation RTU
LV4MV:A CONCEPT OF VOLTAGE MANAGEMENT USING DER FLEXIBILITY
• 40
Foreword | Grid Automation Roadmap | Challenges | SGAM | Dream FP7 use cases
Over voltage feedback
Material:
Process
#IoT connected LV voltage sensor17
8
Smart Metering 10
MV/LV OLTC
End-user Energy Boxes
9
11 Distributed Generation Curtailment Controller
OR:
OPTIONNAL:
11
8
10
9
3
3
1717
Gaspard Lebel | G2Elab | Schneider Electric Innovation | July 2015
LV4MV:A CONCEPT OF VOLTAGE MANAGEMENT USING DER FLEXIBILITY
• 41
Foreword | Grid Automation Roadmap | Challenges | SGAM | Dream FP7 use cases
Over voltage feedback
Process
11
8
10
9
3
3
1717
Gaspard Lebel | G2Elab | Schneider Electric Innovation | July 2015
LV4MV:A CONCEPT OF VOLTAGE MANAGEMENT USING DER FLEXIBILITY
• 42
Foreword | Grid Automation Roadmap | Challenges | SGAM | Dream FP7 use cases
Over voltage feedback
11
8
10
9
3
3
1717
€ €
Process
Gaspard Lebel | G2Elab | Schneider Electric Innovation | July 2015
LV4MV:A CONCEPT OF VOLTAGE MANAGEMENT USING DER FLEXIBILITY
• 43
Foreword | Grid Automation Roadmap | Challenges | SGAM | Dream FP7 use cases
Over voltage feedback
11
8
10
9
3
3
€
1717
€
Process
Gaspard Lebel | G2Elab | Schneider Electric Innovation | July 2015
LV4MV:A CONCEPT OF VOLTAGE MANAGEMENT USING DER FLEXIBILITY
• 44
Foreword | Grid Automation Roadmap | Challenges | SGAM | Dream FP7 use cases
Over voltage feedback
11
8
10
9
3
3
1717
Process
Gaspard Lebel | G2Elab | Schneider Electric Innovation | July 2015
Foreword | Grid Automation Roadmap | Challenges | SGAM | Dream FP7 use cases
• 45
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200
1
1.01
1.02
1.03
1.04
1.05
NodesV
olta
ge (
pu)
Voltage profile in the MV network, h=1.30pm
Network losses minimization on a real
MV network
ErDF profiles, S26,j4 (last week of June, 2011)
0 2 4 6 8 10 120.98
1
1.02
1.04
1.06
1.08
1.1
Nodes
Vol
tage
(pu
)
Voltage profile along the LV network, h=1.30pm
Phase 1Phase 2Phase 3
Vadm=[0,91;1,070]
2 4 6 8 10 120.98
1
1.02
1.04
1.06
1.08
1.1
Nodes
Vol
tage
(pu
)
Voltage profile along the LV network, h=1.30pm
Phase 1Phase 2Phase 3
Vadm=[0,91;1,035]
Solution: Determination of the MV admissible voltag e ranges at the critical MV/LV substations
LV4MV:A CONCEPT OF VOLTAGE MANAGEMENT USING DER FLEXIBILITY
At MV/LV transformers… Are voltage profiles
compliant down the LV feeders?0,91 pu
1,070 pu
0,91 pu
1,035 pu
1,040 pu
© E.Vanet, G2Elab
No
Should be used instead
LV still ok?
Gaspard Lebel | G2Elab | Schneider Electric Innovation | July 2015
Foreword | Grid Automation Roadmap | Challenges | SGAM | Dream FP7 use cases
• 46
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200
1
1.01
1.02
1.03
1.04
1.05
NodesV
olta
ge (
pu)
Voltage profile in the MV network, h=1.30pm
0,91 pu
1,070 pu
2 4 6 8 10 120.98
1
1.02
1.04
1.06
1.08
1.1
Nodes
Vol
tage
(pu
)
Voltage profile along the LV network, h=1.30pm
Phase 1Phase 2Phase 3
Vadm=[0,91;1,035]
-0.01 -0.005 0 0.005 0.01 0.015 0.02 0.025
0
10
20
30
MV admissible voltage ranges with respect to DER activation
Flexibility amount (pu)
Bid
Pric
e (c
€)
0.9
1
0.9
0.92
0.94
0.96
0.98
1
1.02
1.04
0.9
0.92
0.94
0.96
0.98
1
1.02
1.04
0.9
0.92
0.94
0.96
0.98
1
1.02
1.04
0.9
0.95
1
1.05
MV
adm
issi
ble
volta
ge r
ange
(pu
)
+ Step-by-step LV DER
activation process
LV4MV:A CONCEPT OF VOLTAGE MANAGEMENT USING DER FLEXIBILITY
At MV/LV transformers… Are voltage profiles
compliant down the LV feeders?
Solution: Determination of the MV admissible voltag e ranges at the critical MV/LV substations
Network losses minimization on a real
MV network
ErDF profiles, S26,j4 (last week of June, 2011)
© E.Vanet, G2Elab
Vadm=[0,91;1,050]
Activating 0.016pu of Flexibility for 0.29€ enable to increase the MV admissible voltage range
0,91 pu
1,035 pu
1,040 pu
Gaspard Lebel | G2Elab | Schneider Electric Innovation | July 2015 • 47
Foreword | Grid Automation Roadmap | Challenges | SGAM | Dream FP7 use cases
DER-coordinated self-healing
Gaspard Lebel | G2Elab | Schneider Electric Innovation | July 2015
Gaspard Lebel | G2Elab | Schneider Electric Innovation | July 2015
Gaspard Lebel | G2Elab | Schneider Electric Innovation | July 2015
Gaspard Lebel | G2Elab | Schneider Electric Innovation | July 2015
Be Smart-Grid-Pragmatic
Conclusion
Gaspard Lebel | G2Elab | Schneider Electric Innovation | July 2015
Thanks for your attention
Gaspard Lebel | G2Elab | Schneider Electric Innovation | July 2015
Open Discussion
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