The effects of shade, altitude and landscape composition on coffee pests in East Africa

The effects of shade, altitude and

landscape composition on coffee

pests in East Africa

Mattias Jonsson

Dept. of Ecology/ Centre for Biological Control

Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Uppsala, Sweden

Coauthors: Ijala Anthony Raphael, Nina Backlund, Louise Malmberg,

Jeninah Karungi-Tumutegyereize, Samuel Kyamanywa, Barbara Ekbom

World Congress of Agroforestry, New Delhi, 2013-02-12

Acknowledgements

Ijala Anthony RaphaelLouise Malmberg & Nina Backlund

How can we expect agroforestry practices toinfluence pests?

Agroforestry plantations are more complex than monoculturesreduced pest abundances (Root et al. 1973; Teodoro et al 2009; Karp et al. 2013).

Agroforestry plantations may provide alternative habitat and a favorableenvirionment increased pest abundances (Girma 2000).

The impact of agroforestry may depend on ecological context (Tscharntke et al. 2012).

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-

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Study 1

Altitude (2 levels)

X

Shade (3 levels)

Effect of shade at different altitudesin eastern Uganda

Mt Elgon

Shady plantations had highest infestation ofstemborers, especially at low altitudes

White stem borer(Monochamus leuconotus)

Local shade: **Prop tree cover: NSLocal shade X prop tree cover : *

Shady plantations had lowest infestations ofcoffee berry borer

Coffee berry borer(Hypothenemus hampei)

Local shade: *Prop tree cover: NSLocal shade X prop tree cover : NS

Effect of shade in landscapes with different cover of trees in western Kenya

Study 2

Tree cover in landscape(gradient)

Shade (2 levels)

X

Local shade: **Prop tree cover: NSLocal shade X prop tree cover :

The effect of local shade level depended on landscape composition

Lacebugs

Habrochila spp.

Are shade-trees useful for pest control in coffee?

Which pest is mostimportant?

What does the landscape look like?

NO – especially not at lower altitudes!

YES!

NO!

Doesn’tmatter

Summary:

White stemborer

Coffee berry borer

Lacebugs

Poster: Agroforestry to improve soil health and pest managementin the humid-tropics: a meta-analysis

2

4

1

2

7

5

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

Reduction of pest abundance Reduction of plant damage

Nu

mb

er o

f d

ata

po

ints

Positive Negative No effect

Very few studies have tested the effect on pest control!