The effects of shade, altitude and

landscape composition on coffee

pests in East Africa

Mattias Jonsson

Dept. of Ecology/ Centre for Biological Control

Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Uppsala, Sweden

Coauthors: Ijala Anthony Raphael, Nina Backlund, Louise Malmberg,

Jeninah Karungi-Tumutegyereize, Samuel Kyamanywa, Barbara Ekbom

World Congress of Agroforestry, New Delhi, 2013-02-12

Acknowledgements

Ijala Anthony RaphaelLouise Malmberg & Nina Backlund

How can we expect agroforestry practices toinfluence pests?

Agroforestry plantations are more complex than monoculturesreduced pest abundances (Root et al. 1973; Teodoro et al 2009; Karp et al. 2013).

Agroforestry plantations may provide alternative habitat and a favorableenvirionment increased pest abundances (Girma 2000).

The impact of agroforestry may depend on ecological context (Tscharntke et al. 2012).

+

-

+/-

Study 1

Altitude (2 levels)

X

Shade (3 levels)

Effect of shade at different altitudesin eastern Uganda

Mt Elgon

Shady plantations had highest infestation ofstemborers, especially at low altitudes

White stem borer(Monochamus leuconotus)

Local shade: **Prop tree cover: NSLocal shade X prop tree cover : *

Shady plantations had lowest infestations ofcoffee berry borer

Coffee berry borer(Hypothenemus hampei)

Local shade: *Prop tree cover: NSLocal shade X prop tree cover : NS

Effect of shade in landscapes with different cover of trees in western Kenya

Study 2

Tree cover in landscape(gradient)

Shade (2 levels)

X

Local shade: **Prop tree cover: NSLocal shade X prop tree cover :

The effect of local shade level depended on landscape composition

Lacebugs

Habrochila spp.

Are shade-trees useful for pest control in coffee?

Which pest is mostimportant?

What does the landscape look like?

NO – especially not at lower altitudes!

YES!

NO!

Doesn’tmatter

Summary:

White stemborer

Coffee berry borer

Lacebugs

Poster: Agroforestry to improve soil health and pest managementin the humid-tropics: a meta-analysis

2

4

1

2

7

5

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

Reduction of pest abundance Reduction of plant damage

Nu

mb

er o

f d

ata

po

ints

Positive Negative No effect

Very few studies have tested the effect on pest control!