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Dr. William Allan Kritsonis earned his BA in 1969 from Central Washington University, Ellensburg, Washington. In 1971, he earned his M.Ed. from Seattle Pacific University. In 1976, he earned his PhD from the University of Iowa. In 1981, he was a Visiting Scholar at Teachers College, Columbia University, New York, and in 1987 was a Visiting Scholar at Stanford University, Palo Alto, California. In June 2008, Dr. Kritsonis received the Doctor of Humane Letters, School of Graduate Studies from Southern Christian University. The ceremony was held at the Hilton Hotel in New Orleans, Louisiana.
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Student Harassment
William Allan Kritsonis, PhD
What Is Harassments?
Harassment is a form of repeated aggression that is directed by one or more people towards another person.
Also, harassment is some of the most serious forms of peer harassment involve groups. People often do things in groups that they would not do alone. They may be fearful of losing the group's approval if they don't go along.
Forms of Harassment
Physical Verbal Relational Cyber
What is Harassments ?
Physical Harassment where a student uses
physical force to hurt another student by hitting, pushing, shoving, kicking, pinching or holding them down.
What is Harassments ?
Verbal Harassment is when a student
uses words to hurt another student. This includes threatening, taunting, intimidating, insulting, sarcasm, name-calling, teasing, slurs, graffiti, put-downs and ridicule
What is Harassment ?
Relational Harassments occurs when students
disrupt another student’s peer relationships through leaving them out, gossiping, whispering and spreading rumors.
What is Harassments ?
Cyber Harassment refers to the use of
cell-phones, text messages, e-mails, instant messages, web blogs and postings to bully another student in any of the ways described above.
The Affects of Being Harassed
Low self-esteem Poor grades Loneliness (the need to stay home} They become introverted Faking sickness (because they don’t want to
face the bullies)
Who do Bullies Target?
They target Children that are Smaller Younger Weaker
Locations of harassment in schools
Playground (recess) Classroom Hallways Lunchroom Off campus
Who’s More Susceptible to Being Harassment ? In a study of 15,686
students 6th- 10th found that 13-23% of boys experience being bullied.
Also, the same study concluded that 4-11% of girls experience the same torment.
Common Characteristics of Harassment A good student who normally loves school
suddenly hates school A student becomes fearful of coming to
school A student becomes depressed and is unable
to concentrate A formerly good student has a noticeable
drop in performance, resulting in poor grades. A student who was formerly content
considers suicide.
How to Educate Teachers and Fix The Problem Create an anti-
Harassments program for Elementary School Middle School Junior high School
Interventions for Students Identified as
bullies Victims of
harassments
Court Cases in Student Harassment
Davis v. Monroe County Board of Education, the Supreme Court, in a 5 - 4 decision, held that such monetary damages may be recovered only where the district has "actual notice" of the harassment and is "deliberately indifferent" to the harassment. The Court also noted that the harassment must be so "severe, pervasive, and objectively offensive" that it deprived the student victim of access to educational opportunities or benefits provided by the school district.
Court Cases in Student Harassment
Gebser v. Lago Vista Independent School District. In Gebser, which was decided in June 1998, the Court held that monetary damages can be recovered under Title IX where a school district employee sexually harasses a student, if a school district official who has the authority to take corrective measures has actual notice of and is deliberately indifferent to the employee's misconduct
Court Cases in Student Harassment
Henkle v. Gregory, 150 F. Supp.2d 1067 (D. Nev. 2001)Constant harassment, discrimination, intimidation based on his sex and sexual orientation, name calling, assaults, punched in face, lassoed around the neck, threatened, transferred from school to school and told to keep silent about his sexual orientation, put into adult education program.
REFERENCES
Burstyn, B. N., & Tallerico, M. (2004). Politics and Paradox! The Case of Urban Alternative school. Planning and Changing, 35(1), 22-55.
Dedman, B. (2000). Bullying, torment often led to revenge in cases studied. Chicago Sun-Times, October 15.
Center for the Prevention of School Violence (1995) Last retrieved November 10, 2005, from http://www.ncdjjdp.org/cpsv/
REFERENCES
Snell, L., Volokh, A., School Violence Prevention: Strategies to Keep Schools Safe (2005) Retrieved November 2, 2005, from http://www.rppi.org/ps234/
Svoboda, E. (2004) Everyone loves a bully. Psychology Today. (pp. 1-20).
Espelage, D. (2001). Schoolroom torment. People (pp. 91-92).
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