Structural and individual factors that influence the selection of open (and commercial) educational...

University  Teaching  Fellow  &  Psychology  Instructor,   Kwantlen  Polytechnic  UniversitySenior  Open  Education  Advocacy  &  Research  Fellow,  BCcampus

Faculty  Workshop   Facilitator,  Open  Textbook  Network

Structural  and  individual  factors  that  influence  the  selection  of  open  (and  commercial)  educational  resources

What  are  OER  advocates  up  against?

Rajiv  Jhangiani,  Ph.D.

@thatpsychprof

open.bccampus.ca

178  books32  institutions286  faculty1079  sections$4.1  M

Perceived   quality   of  OER

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

30%

35%

Compared   to  traditional,  proprietary   materials

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BCcampus)Research)Report)

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Prepared'by:'

Rajiv!S.!Jhangiani,!Ph.D.,!Kwantlen!Polytechnic!University!Rebecca!Pitt,!Ph.D.,!OER!Hub!Christina!Hendricks,!Ph.D.,!University!of!British!Columbia!Jessie!Key,!Ph.D.,!Vancouver!Island!University!Clint!Lalonde,!M.A.,!BCcampus!

EXPLORING)FACULTY)USE)OF)OPEN)EDUCATIONAL)RESOURCES)AT)BRITISH)COLUMBIA)POSTASECONDARY)INSTITUTIONS))January!18,!2016!!

Non-­‐users Users

46 15.5 22.7 7.8 8.1

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

Not  purchased  the  required  textbook

Percentage  of  Respondents

Never

Rarely

Sometimes

Often

Very  Often

ACTUAL  SPENDING  ON  TEXTBOOKS  (PAST  12  MONTHS)RANGE:  $0-­‐$3000;  MEAN:  $698;  MEDIAN:  $500

Jhangiani   &  Jhangiani   (in   press)

54% Not  purchase  the  required  textbook

30% Earn  a poor  grade

27% Take  fewer  courses

26% Not  register  for  a  specific  course

17% Drop  or  withdraw  from  a  course

��������������������

Jhangiani&  Jhangiani (in  press)

Survey  of  post-­‐secondary  students  in  BC

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%

Used  interlibrary  loan  copies

Leased  e-­‐chapters

Rented  e-­‐textbooks

Rented  print  textbooks

Used  library  reserve  copies

Leased  e-­‐textbook

Shared  textbooks  with  classmates

Downloaded   textbooks   from  the   internet

Purchased  used  copies  from  the  campus  store

Sold  used  textbooks

Purchased  textbooks   from  a  source  other  than  the  …

Unaffected  by  the  cost  of  textbooks

Jhangiani   &  Jhangiani   (in   press)

What  factors  influence  the  selection  of  open  (and  commercial)  educational   resources?

Teaching  intensive34%

College33%

Graduate19%

Research  intensive12%

Other2%

The  sample

N  =  217

F2F  teaching:  60.4%

Blended:  17.2%

Online:  9.4%

The  sampleBusiness,  

9.8

Computer  &  info  science,  

1.7

Education,  8.6

Health,  12.6

Humanities,  16.1

Natural  sciences,  10.3Professional  

studies,  0.6

Social  sciences,  22.4

Other,  17.8Age:23-­‐75;  M  =  50.92;  SD  =  10.85

Years  teaching:0-­‐45;  M  =  15.69;  SD  =  9.72

Who  selects  the  course  materials?

63%

19.30%

15.60%

11.50%

8.90%

7.80%

2.60%

2.60%

0.50%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%

Solely  responsible

Committee  (member)

Department

Course  developer

Another  faculty  member

Committee  (lead)

Committee  (not  member)

Instructional  designer

Administration

What  is  the  awareness  of  OER?

14.90%

26.30%

40.60%

2.30%

16%

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

30%

35%

40%

45%

Not  aware Heard  the  term Aware Aware  +  previously  used

Aware  +  currently  use

Among  those  who  control  the  selection  of  course  materials,  

39.8%are  either  unaware  ordon’t  know  much  about  OER

What  factors  influence  the  selection  of  course  materials?

1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5

Clear  &  accessible   writing

Comprehensiveness   of   coverage

Ease  of  fit

Recently   updated

Cost   to  student

Theoretical   orientation

Reputation  of   authors

Not  at  allimportant

Slightlyimportant

Moderatelyimportant

Veryimportant

Extremelyimportant

1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5

Canadian   edition

Used/recommended   by  others

Quality   of  ancillary   resources

Compatible   with  LMS

Relationship   with  publisher

Financial   incentives

Not  at  allimportant

Slightlyimportant

Moderatelyimportant

Veryimportant

Extremelyimportant

1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5

Online   student   resources

Question   bank

Adaptive   quizzing

Activity  manual

PowerPoint   slides

Not  at  allimportant

Slightlyimportant

Moderatelyimportant

Veryimportant

Extremelyimportant

Allen,  I.  E.  &  Seaman,  J.  (2014).  Opening  the  curriculum:  Open  educational  resources  in  U.S.  higher  education.

Understanding  that  there  is  variability,  how  would  you  rate  the  quality  (factually  correct,  up-­‐to-­‐date,  well-­‐written,  organized,  effective)  of:

Commercial   resources

Open  educational   resources

Excellent Good Average Satisfactory Poor Don’t   know

Excellent Good Average Satisfactory Poor Don’t   know

X

XAll:  t(84)  =  5.877,  p  =  .000

Currently  using:  t(23)  =  1.32,  p  =  .20

Do  you  think  you  will  use  this  type  of  resource  over  the  next  three  years?

Yes

Willconsider

Mightconsider

Notinterested

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

3.5

4

Not  aware Heard Aware Previously  used Currently  use

OER Open  Textbooks

How  many  faculty  require  students  to  purchase  an  access  code?

1

www.studentpirgs.org/reports/sp/access-­‐denied

25.5%require  an  access  code

What  is  the  awareness  of  textbook  unaffordability?

How  often  (per  semester)  do  you  receive  queries  from  students  about  whether  they  really  need  the  req’d course  textbook?

Never Rarely Sometimes Often AlwaysXIf  you  had  to  guess,  what  %  of  your  students  do  you  think  go  without  purchasing  a  req’d course  textbook? 22.07%

How  confident  are  you  in  your  estimate?Not  at  all Slightly Moderately Very ExtremelyX

How  often  (per  semester)  do  you  receive  queries  from  students  about  whether  they  can  use  an  older  edition?

Never Rarely Sometimes Often AlwaysX

Source:  "Pencil" by sylviaduckworth.  Reproduced  with  permission.

@thatpsychprof

rajiv@kpu.ca

slideshare.net/thatpsychprofWWW