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University Teaching Fellow & Psychology Instructor, Kwantlen Polytechnic UniversitySenior Open Education Advocacy & Research Fellow, BCcampus
Faculty Workshop Facilitator, Open Textbook Network
Structural and individual factors that influence the selection of open (and commercial) educational resources
What are OER advocates up against?
Rajiv Jhangiani, Ph.D.
@thatpsychprof
open.bccampus.ca
178 books32 institutions286 faculty1079 sections$4.1 M
Perceived quality of OER
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
Compared to traditional, proprietary materials
!
!
BCcampus)Research)Report)
!!
Prepared'by:'
Rajiv!S.!Jhangiani,!Ph.D.,!Kwantlen!Polytechnic!University!Rebecca!Pitt,!Ph.D.,!OER!Hub!Christina!Hendricks,!Ph.D.,!University!of!British!Columbia!Jessie!Key,!Ph.D.,!Vancouver!Island!University!Clint!Lalonde,!M.A.,!BCcampus!
EXPLORING)FACULTY)USE)OF)OPEN)EDUCATIONAL)RESOURCES)AT)BRITISH)COLUMBIA)POSTASECONDARY)INSTITUTIONS))January!18,!2016!!
Non-‐users Users
46 15.5 22.7 7.8 8.1
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Not purchased the required textbook
Percentage of Respondents
Never
Rarely
Sometimes
Often
Very Often
ACTUAL SPENDING ON TEXTBOOKS (PAST 12 MONTHS)RANGE: $0-‐$3000; MEAN: $698; MEDIAN: $500
Jhangiani & Jhangiani (in press)
54% Not purchase the required textbook
30% Earn a poor grade
27% Take fewer courses
26% Not register for a specific course
17% Drop or withdraw from a course
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Jhangiani& Jhangiani (in press)
Survey of post-‐secondary students in BC
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%
Used interlibrary loan copies
Leased e-‐chapters
Rented e-‐textbooks
Rented print textbooks
Used library reserve copies
Leased e-‐textbook
Shared textbooks with classmates
Downloaded textbooks from the internet
Purchased used copies from the campus store
Sold used textbooks
Purchased textbooks from a source other than the …
Unaffected by the cost of textbooks
Jhangiani & Jhangiani (in press)
What factors influence the selection of open (and commercial) educational resources?
Teaching intensive34%
College33%
Graduate19%
Research intensive12%
Other2%
The sample
N = 217
F2F teaching: 60.4%
Blended: 17.2%
Online: 9.4%
The sampleBusiness,
9.8
Computer & info science,
1.7
Education, 8.6
Health, 12.6
Humanities, 16.1
Natural sciences, 10.3Professional
studies, 0.6
Social sciences, 22.4
Other, 17.8Age:23-‐75; M = 50.92; SD = 10.85
Years teaching:0-‐45; M = 15.69; SD = 9.72
Who selects the course materials?
63%
19.30%
15.60%
11.50%
8.90%
7.80%
2.60%
2.60%
0.50%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%
Solely responsible
Committee (member)
Department
Course developer
Another faculty member
Committee (lead)
Committee (not member)
Instructional designer
Administration
What is the awareness of OER?
14.90%
26.30%
40.60%
2.30%
16%
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
40%
45%
Not aware Heard the term Aware Aware + previously used
Aware + currently use
Among those who control the selection of course materials,
39.8%are either unaware ordon’t know much about OER
What factors influence the selection of course materials?
1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5
Clear & accessible writing
Comprehensiveness of coverage
Ease of fit
Recently updated
Cost to student
Theoretical orientation
Reputation of authors
Not at allimportant
Slightlyimportant
Moderatelyimportant
Veryimportant
Extremelyimportant
1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5
Canadian edition
Used/recommended by others
Quality of ancillary resources
Compatible with LMS
Relationship with publisher
Financial incentives
Not at allimportant
Slightlyimportant
Moderatelyimportant
Veryimportant
Extremelyimportant
1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5
Online student resources
Question bank
Adaptive quizzing
Activity manual
PowerPoint slides
Not at allimportant
Slightlyimportant
Moderatelyimportant
Veryimportant
Extremelyimportant
Allen, I. E. & Seaman, J. (2014). Opening the curriculum: Open educational resources in U.S. higher education.
Understanding that there is variability, how would you rate the quality (factually correct, up-‐to-‐date, well-‐written, organized, effective) of:
Commercial resources
Open educational resources
Excellent Good Average Satisfactory Poor Don’t know
Excellent Good Average Satisfactory Poor Don’t know
X
XAll: t(84) = 5.877, p = .000
Currently using: t(23) = 1.32, p = .20
Do you think you will use this type of resource over the next three years?
Yes
Willconsider
Mightconsider
Notinterested
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
Not aware Heard Aware Previously used Currently use
OER Open Textbooks
How many faculty require students to purchase an access code?
1
www.studentpirgs.org/reports/sp/access-‐denied
25.5%require an access code
What is the awareness of textbook unaffordability?
How often (per semester) do you receive queries from students about whether they really need the req’d course textbook?
Never Rarely Sometimes Often AlwaysXIf you had to guess, what % of your students do you think go without purchasing a req’d course textbook? 22.07%
How confident are you in your estimate?Not at all Slightly Moderately Very ExtremelyX
How often (per semester) do you receive queries from students about whether they can use an older edition?
Never Rarely Sometimes Often AlwaysX
Source: "Pencil" by sylviaduckworth. Reproduced with permission.
