Revision on alcohol,carboxylic acid and ester

Revision on alcohols, carboxylic acids and ester

Change of one homologous series to another homologous

series

Alcohol

Carboxylic acid

Ester

State the general formula for

Many reactions of ethanol

Reaction 1

• Combustion• ethanol is burnt in excess oxygen

Observation: ethanol burns with blue flame, no soot

Reaction 2

• Dehydration • ethanol is passed over heated

porcelain chips to produce ethene

Observation: gas formed that will decolorize brown bromine water

Reaction 3

• hydration or addition of steam• When a mixture of ethene and steam is

heated over phosphoric acid as catalyst, temp of 300oC, pressure 60 atm.

Reaction 4

• Esterification • When a mixture of ethanol and

ethanoic acid is warmed with conc sulphuric acid as catalyst, Observation: sweet smelling liquid is formed

Reaction 5

• Esterification • When a mixture of ethanoic acid and

ethanol is warmed with conc sulphuric acid as catalyst

Observation: Sweet smelling liquid is formed

Reaction 6

• Oxidation • When ethanol is warmed with acidified

potassium dichromate as oxidizing agent

Observation: Orange solution change to green

Naming of esters