Origins of the cold war

Cold WarThe foundations and events of the war between the Soviet Union and the United States

Student Learning Outcomes Identify specific events and actions which initiated the Cold War between the United States and the Soviet Union.

Characterize the general mistrust between the two nation states.

Link the disagreements at the Potsdam conference to the beginning of the Cold War.

Introduction“The personal meeting with Stalin enabled me to see what the West had to face in the future. Force is the only thing the Russians understand. Stalin showed what he was after ... the Russians were planning world conquest.” President Harry Truman

Origins of the Cold WarSoviet Union after World War II

More than twenty million lives lost in the war

Wanted to retain control of the nations states in Eastern Europe

Promotion of Communism abroad into Europe

Inherit distrust of the West (the conflict of the second front during the war and previous episodes)

Origins of the Cold War United States after the World War II

Conflict among President Harry Truman and his Cabinet about whether or not to go back to isolationism like World War One

Bring the boys homeSeen as the protector of EuropeThe superpower that stood against the Soviet Union

Potsdam Conference (1945)July 17th-August 2nd

The Triumvirate Cast: U.S. President Harry Truman

President Franklin Roosevelt had died in April

England’s Prime Minister Clement Attlee Winston Churchill had been defeated in the last election

Soviet Premier Joseph Stalin

The Potsdam ConferenceSoviet establishment of satellite states

(buffer zone or expansion)The atomic bomb disclosure The issue of the second frontThe continual distrust between the

Soviet Union and the WestThe Cultural and Economic difference

between the two institutions The development of the Cold War

Iron Curtain SpeechThe Iron Curtain Speech

Made in at the College at Westminster College at Fulton Missouri

Distrust of Joseph Stalin and Totalitarian regimes in Eastern Europe

Pressed the U.S. to remain active in Western Europe

Iron Curtain SpeechHe pressed for U.S. presence in post war Europe

No abandonment like the first European War

Joint Anglo unification that opposed Soviet Communism

The Berlin Airlift“When Berlin falls, Western Germany will be next. If we withdraw our position in Berlin, Europe is threatened ... Communism will run rampant.”—General Clay the American Commander of the Berlin Zone

The American ResponseGreece and TurkeyCommunist insurgents verses nationalist The Civil WarEngland and France contributed aidThe well was running dryPresident Harry Truman and George

Kennan The Policy of Containment (Truman

Doctrine)

The American ResponseThe Marshall PlanNATO (North Atlantic Treaty

Organization)Unification of the zones of BerlinThe Soviet Response cutting off all aid

to the areaThe Berlin Airlift This is a sign of item to come in

regards to deterrence

The United NationsSimilarities to the League of Nations

However there are significant differences

U.S. and the Soviet Union hoped to establish a open dialogue

The Security Council Condemnation of Imperialism

The fate of Western EuropeEngland, France, Netherlands,

Belgium, Scandinavia, and even Italy turn to Socialism

The creation of the Welfare StateWhat this means for Western EuropeThe push towards decolnialization India, Africa, Southeast Asia, the

Middle EastThe Jewish State

Truman verses StalinThe shift of China to Communism The retreat to Formosa (Taiwan)The Korean Crisis President Truman deploys the military

General Macarthur Congress is not consulted however, UN security council approves

The Korean WarStalemate Korea becomes split in twoThe question of containmentU.S. response back home and the blacklisting

Are their differences or just two stubborn nations

The Cold War post StalinThe death of Stalin Nikita Khrushchev and his condemnation of Stalin’s policies

New relations with the United States Khrushchev visit to the U.S.Shift in Cold War Tactics John Foster Dulles “Spirit of Resistance”

The Middle EastRemoval of European presenceComplicated area/the issue of tribes and

oilThe problem of Israel Israel attack on the Gaza strip and the

response by EgyptNassar “Cotton for Arms” dealings with

the Soviet UnionFrance, Britain, Israel, Soviet Union,

U.S.

Middle EastThe establishment of CENTO Jordan, Syria, Lebanon,The Eisenhower Doctrine

Latin AmericaGuatemalaCIA overthrowThe issue of CubaFidel CastroThe reheating of the Cold War

Soviet and U.S. RelationsThe U-2 Spy Plane affairKhrushchev and KennedyThe issue of BerlinOnce again both sides go to the brinkEast and West BerlinThe Berlin Wall

The Cuban Missile CrisisBackgroundCastro switches to CommunismBay of PigsCuban Soviet Relations (Sugar for

Missiles)U.S. responseThe closest we come to a Cold War

Southeast Asian AffairsLaos, Cambodia, and VietnamChinese Soviet RelationsMao Ze Tong and President Richard

NixonJustification for opening the relations

U.S. Soviet Relations post VietnamThe promotion of Dentate Richard Nixon and Henry Kissinger SALT talks (Strategic Arms Limitation

Treaty)The Six Day War in the Middle EastThe issue this will promote between the

two

Russian Moves into Southeast Asia

Afghanistan The Resistance The pinnacle of Russian Strength

The ending of the Cold WarConservatism in the West: Election of

both Margret Thatcher and Ronald Reagan

Pope John Paul IIBreakdown in East European ControlMikhail Gorbachev and GlasnostTalks with Reagan in Iceland

The End of the Cold WarFall of the Berlin WallFree Elections in the Eastern EuropeThe Unification of Germany as well as

BerlinThe failed coup in RussiaThe Communist State Disintegrates The shift to autocracy

The End of the Cold WarFall of the Berlin WallFree Elections in the Eastern EuropeThe Unification of Germany as well as

BerlinThe failed coup in RussiaThe Communist State Disintegrates The shift to autocracy