Li mpets rim classroom training ppt 2012

L I M P E T S Long-term Monitoring Program and Experiential Training for Students

Rocky Intertidal Monitoring Project

Map of NMSs

LiMPETSLong-term Monitoring Program and Experiential Training for Students

• Collaboration between California’s

National Marine Sanctuaries

• Two types of projects:

- Sandy Beach Monitoring Project

- Rocky Intertidal Monitoring Project

• Use same methods

AND same website for data entry……

www.limpetsmonitoring.org

High Tide

Zone Mid Tide Zone

Intertidal Zonation

Low Tide Zone

Splash Zone

Mid Tide Zone

High Tide Zone

Photo: www.biosbcc.net/.../marinesci/03ecology/tphi.htm

6 hours later

Why monitor the rocky intertidal?

California Marine

Reserves

Oil Spills

IDENTIFYING ANIMALS

Aggregating Anemones

Anthopleura elegantissima

Photo by Jake Dean

How to identify:

1) Small, up to 2 inches (5 cm). 2) In Groups. 3) Often covered in sand.

Photo by Dave Cowles

Photo by Dave Cowles

These anemones are large, green, solitary, ANDare almost identical, except……..

Giant Green Anemone

Anthopleura xanthogrammica

Sunburst Anemone

Anthopleura sola

Photo by Kathy Soave

Photo by Anthony Fisher

Closed anemone

Unidentified Large Solitary Anemone

What are these?

What is this?

Chitons

Photo by Anthony Fisher

Photo by Anthony Fisher

www.depts.washington.edu

Photo by Ashley Smith

How to identify:

1) Oval in shape, with 8 overlapping shell plates

2) Most are small, up to 2 inches (5 cm) wide.

3) Often well camouflaged with surroundings.

Mopalia spp./Nuttalina spp./Tonicella spp./others

LimpetsLottia spp.

Close-up!

How to identify:

1) Snail-like mollusk with one shell.

2) Shell is cone-shaped or flat.

2) Most are small, up to approx. 4 cm.

Snails Whelks

Acanthinucella spp. /Nucella spp./others

Turban Snails

Chlorostoma brunnea/funebralis

Photo by Anthony Fisher

Photo by Anthony Fisher

How to identify:

1) Size and color don’t matter

2) Shell is coiled or in a spiral, both ends of shell are

pointed.

How to identify:

1) Color deep purple, black, or brown

2) Shell is smooth, a rounded cone shape. No point at tip of shell.

3) Up to 1 inch (2.5 cm) long.

Always check for hermit crabs!!!

Sea MusselsMytilus californianus

How to identify:

1) Bivalve mollusks with two shells.

2) Shell up to 8 inches (20 cm) in length.

3) Shell blue or black in color with irregular groove lines.

Photo By Anthony Fisher

What is this?

Barnacles

Acorn barnacle

Balanus glandula/Chthamalus dalli/fissus

Pink Acorn Barnacle

Tetraclita rubescens

Photo by Anthony Fisher

Photo by Anthony Fisher

How to identify:

1) Shell pink, appearing thatched.

2) Larger. Up to 2 inches (5 cm) wide.

How to identify:

1) Shell white or brown-ish.

2) Small. Shell up to 3/4 inch (2 cm) wide.

Leaf barnacle Pollicipes polymerus

Photo by Anthony Fisher

How to identify:

1) Barnacle on dark brown, fleshy stalk topped with many small, white plates.

2) Up to 3 inches (8 cm) in length. www.marine.gov

Ochre Sea StarPisaster ochraceus

How to identify:

1) Purple, orange, or brown.

2) Up to 12 inches (30 cm) in

length.

3) Rows of white tipped spines

resembling star shape near center.

Photo by Anthony Fisher

Purple Sea UrchinStrongylocentrotus purpuratus

How to identify:

1) Spherical body covered with shell

and spines.

2) Reddish to purple in color.

Juveniles are pale green.

3) Up to 4 inches (10 cm) in

length.

Photo by Anthony Fisher

Honeycomb Tube WormPhragmatopoma californica

How to identify:

1) Worms that live in tubes of cemented sand

grains.

2) Tubes often found in large masses , up to

6.5 feet (2 m) in length.

3) Tubes placed in honeycomb arrangement

with a flared rim.

www.ib.unicamp.br

Photo by Anthony Fisher

What’s this?What is this?

IDENTIFYING ALGAE

What is this?

IDENTIFYING ALGAE

Marine Algae

RED ALGAE Phylum Rhodophyta

BROWN ALGAE Phylum Phaeophyta

GREEN ALGAE Phylum Chlorophyta

Photo by Anthony Fisher www.mbari.orgwww.mbari.org

Green Algae

Photo by Anthony Fisher

How to identify:

1) Little tufts bright green algae.

2) Resembles clumps of moss.

3) Tufts are small, up to a few inches wide.

How to identify:

1) Thin, almost transparent sheets (only 2 cell layers thick!)

2) Oval shaped blades, up to 2 ft (65 cm).

Green pin-cushion algae

Cladophora columbina

Sea lettuce

Ulva spp.

Green Algae

How to identify:

1) Dark green to black-ish green in color.

2) The “fingers” are forked, spongy, and are about as thick

as a finger.

3) Can be fairly large, up to 16 inches (40 cm) in length.

Dead Man’s Fingers

Codium fragile

Phylum Anthophyta - flowering plants

Surfgrass

Phyllospadix spp.

How to identify:

1) Oh yes, it’s bright green. But, remember

it’s a flowering plant..NOT an algae.

2) Leaves are long and narrow. Flowers are

small, inconspicuous.

3) Up to 0.5 cm wide and 6.5 feet (2 m) in

length.

Brown Algae

How to identify:

1) Looks like a feather boa!

2) Long, flat stipe (stem) like a

shoulder strap of a bag or purse.

3) Stipe is fringed with small blades

and floats.

Feather Boa Kelp

Egregia menziesii

Brown Algae

Flattened rockweed

Fucus gardneri/Hesperophycus californicus

Photo bu Anthony Fisher

How to identify:

1) Medium sized algae, up to 10 inches (25 cm)

tall.

2) Olive-green to tan in color.

3) Flattened body, WIDE blades with

DISTINCT midrib, dichotomous branching.

Brown Algae

Slender rockweed

Silvetia compressa / Pelvetiopsis limitata

Photo bu Anthony Fisher

How to identify:

1) 2- 35 inches (5-92 cm) tall.

2) Olive green to tan in color. It can become

darker, shriveled and tough when dried out.

3) Flattened body, thin blades with NO midrib,

dichotomous branching.

What is this?

What’s this?What is this?

Red AlgaeStunted Turkish Towel

Mastocarpus spp./Mazzaella affinis

How to identify:

1) Reddish-black in color

2) Dichotomously divided blades with little bumps

(reproductive structures) all over them.

Photo by Anthony Fisher

Tar Spot Algae

Mastocarpus spp./Ralfsia spp./others

Photo by John Pearse

Gametophyte (n)

upright form

Tetrasporophyte

(2n) crust form

US quarter

How to identify:

1) Black crust on rock, looks like tar!

Red Algae

Upright coralline algae

Bosiella spp./Calliarthron spp./ Corallina spp.

Photo by Anthony Fisher

How to identify:

1) Light to dark pink in color.

2) Calcium carbonate in their cell walls make them relatively stiff.

Encrusting coralline algae

Many species

Photo bu Anthony Fisher

How to identify:

1) Pink crust on rock.

2) Can grow in small or large patches.

Sea sacks

Halosaccion glandiforme

Red Algae

Photo bu Anthony Fisher

How to identify:

1) Hollow sacs usually filled with seawater.

2) Up to 6 inches (15 cm) tall.

Iridescent algae

Mazzaella flaccida/splendens

Photo bu Anthony Fisher

How to identify:

1) Large, oval blades up to 12 inches (30 cm) tall.

2) Yellow-green to purple, some with iridescent sheen.

What’s this?What is this?

Lawn Algae

Chondracanthus canaliculatus

Scouring pad alga Endocladia muricata

Red Algae

How to identify:

1) Short, bushy clumps.

2) Branches covered with short spines.

3) Dark reddish-brown in color.

How to identify:

1) Low and bushy with flat but sharp pointed tips; up to 6 inches

(15 cm).

2) Yellow-brown to greenish-purple

3) Forms mat-like clumps of entangled branches (feels smooth,

not rough)

Photo bu John Pearse

Nori (Porphyra spp.) - the edible weed!

How to identify:

1) Color varies from brownish-green

to purple.

2) Thin delicate blades only 1-2 cell

layers thick.

3) Can resemble crumpled

cellophane when dry.Photo bu Anthony Fisher

What’s this?

FINAL JEOPARDY

#1

#2

#3

#4

Monitoring Methods

Transect

Permanent Area

Method #1: Vertical Transects

Transect

Vertical TransectEquipment

55

50

45

40

35

30

25

20

15

10

5

0

Quadrats

Transect line

Data Sheet

&

Clipboard

Arggh

Fitzgerald Marine Reserve Data SheetVertical Transect Across Intertidal

Date: School: Login Name:

Names: Datasheet Label:

meters meters

1. Record the location of the quadrat along the transect

2. Record the # of individuals within the large quadrat # indiv. # indiv.

Feather boa kelp (holdfast) - Egregia menziesiiSunburst anemone (>5cm) - Anthopleura solaGiant green anemone - Anthopleura xanthogrammicaUnidentified large, solitary anemone - closed and covered with sandChitons - Mopalia spp./Nuttallina californica/Lepidochitona spp./othersWhelks - Acanthinucella spp./Nucella spp.Turban snails -Tegula brunnea/funebralisHermit crabs - Pagurus spp.Purple sea urchin - Strongylocentrotus purpuratus

3. Record the # small squares where individuals are present # squares # squares

Green pin-cushion alga - Cladophora columbianaDead man's fingers - Codium fragileSea lettuces - Ulva spp.Surfgrasses (attached in square) - Phyllospadix scouleri/torreyiFlattened rockweeds - Fucus gardneri/Hesperophycus californicusSlender rockweeds - Pelvetiopsis limitata/Silvetia compressaTar spot algae - Mastocarpus spp./Ralfsia spp. and othersEncrusting coralline algae (on rocks) - many speciesUpright coralline algae - Bossiella spp./Calliarthron spp./Corallina spp.Scouring-pad alga - Endocladia muricataSea sacks - Halosaccion glandiformeIridescent algae - Mazzaella flaccida/splendens

Aggregating anemone (<5 cm) - Anthopleura elegantissimaHoneycomb tube worm - Phragmatopoma californicaLimpets - Lottia spp.(0.5 - 2.5 cm)Sea mussel - Mytilus californianusLeaf barnacle - Pollicipes polymerusCommon acorn barnacles - Balanus/Chthamalus spp.Pink acorn barnacle - Tetraclita rubescensBare rockLoose sand

Stunted turkish towel - Mastocarpus spp./Mazzaella affinis

1/29/07 School for Pirates

Orlando Bloom, Johnny Depp

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1

1

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2

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55

50

45

40

35

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15

10

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FMR07

ArggghhData Sheets

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Arggh

Fitzgerald Marine Reserve Data SheetVertical Transect Across Intertidal

Date: School: Login Name:

Names: Datasheet Label:

meters meters

1. Record the location of the quadrat along the transect

2. Record the # of individuals within the large quadrat # indiv. # indiv.

Feather boa kelp (holdfast) - Egregia menziesiiSunburst anemone (>5cm) - Anthopleura solaGiant green anemone - Anthopleura xanthogrammicaUnidentified large, solitary anemone - closed and covered with sandChitons - Mopalia spp./Nuttallina californica/Lepidochitona spp./othersWhelks - Acanthinucella spp./Nucella spp.Turban snails -Tegula brunnea/funebralisHermit crabs - Pagurus spp.Purple sea urchin - Strongylocentrotus purpuratus

3. Record the # small squares where individuals are present # squares # squares

Green pin-cushion alga - Cladophora columbianaDead man's fingers - Codium fragileSea lettuces - Ulva spp.Surfgrasses (attached in square) - Phyllospadix scouleri/torreyiFlattened rockweeds - Fucus gardneri/Hesperophycus californicusSlender rockweeds - Pelvetiopsis limitata/Silvetia compressaTar spot algae - Mastocarpus spp./Ralfsia spp. and othersEncrusting coralline algae (on rocks) - many speciesUpright coralline algae - Bossiella spp./Calliarthron spp./Corallina spp.Scouring-pad alga - Endocladia muricataSea sacks - Halosaccion glandiformeIridescent algae - Mazzaella flaccida/splendens

Aggregating anemone (<5 cm) - Anthopleura elegantissimaHoneycomb tube worm - Phragmatopoma californicaLimpets - Lottia spp.(0.5 - 2.5 cm)Sea mussel - Mytilus californianusLeaf barnacle - Pollicipes polymerusCommon acorn barnacles - Balanus/Chthamalus spp.Pink acorn barnacle - Tetraclita rubescensBare rockLoose sand

Stunted turkish towel - Mastocarpus spp./Mazzaella affinis

1/29/07 School for Pirates

Orlando Bloom, Johnny Depp

50

0

0

0

1

1

9

2

0

FMR07

Arggghh

2

0

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2

Method #2: Random Quadrats in a

Permanent Area

Permanent Area

Additional Equipment:

Random Quadrats in a Permanent Area

5

4

3

2

1

0 1 2 3 …15

Random numbers: 2.5 and 3.9

Meter tape

Data Sheet

Practice

Date: School: Login Name:

Names: Datasheet Label:

Quadrat 1 Quadrat 2

2. Record sample location Random # 1: . .

Random # 2: . .

3. Record the # of individuals within the large quadrat # individuals # individuals

Feather boa kelp (holdfast) - Egregia menziesii

Turban snails -Tegula brunnea/funebralis

4. Record the # small squares where individuals are present # squares # squaresGreen pin-cushion alga - Cladophora columbianaDead man's fingers - Codium fragileSea lettuces - Ulva spp.

Flattened rockweeds - Fucus gardneri/Hesperophycus californicusSlender rockweeds - Pelvetiopsis limitata/Silvetia compressaTar spot algae - Mastocarpus spp./Ralfsia spp. and others

Upright coralline algae - Bossiella spp./Calliarthron spp./Corallina spp.

Honeycomb tube worm - Phragmatopoma californicaLimpets - Lottia spp.(0.5 - 2.5 cm)

Leaf barnacle - Pollicipes polymerusCommon acorn barnacles - Balanus/Chthamalus spp.Pink acorn barnacle - Tetraclita rubescensBare rockLoose sand

Sea mussel - Mytilus californianus

Scouring-pad alga - Endocladia muricataSea sacks - Halosaccion glandiformeIridescent algae - Mazzaella flaccida/splendensStunted turkish towel - Mastocarpus spp./Mazzaella affinis Aggregating anemone (<5 cm) - Anthopleura elegantissima

Purple sea urchin - Strongylocentrotus purpuratus

Surfgrasses (attached in square) - Phyllospadix scouleri/torreyi

Encrusting coralline algae (on rocks) - many species

Unidentified large, solitary anemone - closed and covered with sandChitons - Mopalia spp./Nuttallina californica/Lepidochitona spp./othersWhelks - Acanthinucella spp./Nucella spp.

Hermit crabs - Pagurus spp.

Fitzgerald Marine Reserve Data SheetPermanent Plot - Mid Zone Random Quadrat

Giant green anemone - Anthopleura xanthogrammicaSunburst anemone (>5cm) - Anthopleura sola

0 2 5

0 3 9

1

Method #3: Total Organism Count

Permanent Area

Fitzgerald Marine Reserve Data SheetTotal Counts: Sea Stars

1. Identify, count and record the total number of sea stars found within the defined area

Names:

Start Time: am/pm

Length of Count: minutes

Sea Star Total Number of OrganismsOchre sea star - Pisaster ochraceus Purple/Brown

Ochre sea star - Pisaster ochraceus Orange

Date: School: Login Name:

Datasheet Label:

2:20

20

Data Sheets

6

2

1/29/07 School for Pirates

Orlando Bloom, Johnny Depp FMR09

Arggghh

Data Sheets

Fitzgerald Marine Reserve Data SheetTotal Counts: Owl Limpets ( Lottia gigantea)

1. Count and measure all the owl limpets > 2.5 cm in the defined area.2. Record shell length to the nearest 0.5 cm (round up)

Date: School: Login Name:

Names: Datasheet Label:

Start Time: am/pm

Length of Count: minutes

Size Total Number

2.5 cm

3.0 cm

3.5 cm

4.0 cm

4.5 cm

5.0 cm

5.5 cm

6.0 cm

6.5 cm

7.0 cm

7.5 cm

8.0 cm

8.5 cm

9.0 cm

9.5 cm

10.0 cm

4.5

4.5

2.0

2.0

3.2

2.9

2.9

2.9

2.9

1/29/07 School for Pirates

Orlando Bloom, Johnny Depp FMR08

Arggghh

12:18

20

4

1

2

What to expect…Very slippery rocks

Sharp rocks and organisms

Potentially cold weather

Sampling on hands & knees

Cold water

Fun!

ENTERING YOUR DATA at www.limpetsmonitoring.org

Slides 60-63 are extra/optional

Crowds Depleting Tidepools

Fitzgerald reserve a bit too popular

Maria Alicia Gaura, Chronicle Staff Writer

Friday, February 16, 1996

The tidepool creatures at the Fitzgerald Marine Reserve at Moss Beach are

pretty tough -- they tolerate crashing waves and grinding sand, alternately

submerged in saltwater and exposed to the wind.

But the denizens of this shallow reef are succumbing to a new menace -- the

curiosity of schoolchildren and the trampling of thousands of little feet.

UCSD Biologists' Study Links Human Impacts Along The

Coast To Size Declines Of Marine Snails

February 28, 2003

The average size of limpets along the Southern California coast has

declined significantly over the past century and collection by humans

appears to be the culprit, according to a study led by biologists at the

University of California, San Diego.

Things to think about!

Are there local issues that impact your site?

Things to think about!

Are there regional or global issues

that impact your site?

Northern Species

Southern SpeciesCape Mendocino

Point Conception

Courtesy of Raphael Sagarin

Southern SpeciesSouthern Species

0

1

2

3

4

5

1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

Avera

ge D

en

sity

(#

/m

2)

Average Abundance of A. sola at Duxbury Reef

Analyze Your Data!

Getting the Word Out!