Information Literacy

Approaches to Improving Information Literacy in Ubiquitous Environments

By: Zainal A. Hasibuan

University of Indonesia

MTI October 2009

Background and Motivation Indonesia is geographically vast – 17.000

islands create islands of information literacy. Deployment of ICT in the ubiquitous and

heterogeneous systems: different data format, different platforms and different protocols – interconnectivity.

Large volume of digital information creating, collecting, processing, and disseminating - lack of visibility and accessibility.

Problems and Challenges Low participation rate to enter HEI: it is around 17%. Lack of relevance study program. In 2007, there are

113 sp were closed and 761 new sp were open. Lack of relevance graduates. The unemployment rate

for bachelor degree holders increased from 183,629 to 409, 890.

Lack of quality resources sharing (information, facility, human, budget etc.).

Regional disparities and inequities that create digital divide, information divide, and knowledge divide.

Solution is to improve information literacy

WHAT IS INFORMATION LITERACY? “Ability to locate, organize, evaluate and use

information” “ … as a key set of skills that people will need in

the information age”. “... initiates, sustains, and extends lifelong

learning through abilities that may use technologies”

"A new liberal art that extends from knowing how to use computers and access information to critical reflection on the nature of information itself, its technical infrastructure and its social, cultural, and philosophical context and impact."

Objectives of Information Literacy Initiatives

Improving number of information literate in HEI’s students.

Widening accessibility to various information sources through building up one-stop system.

Increasing availablity of digital information sources through endorsment of local content creation.

Establishing ICT infrastructures through out the country.

Improving the quality of human resources through quality of education.

Approaches to Improve Information Literacy

Empowering HEI associations to go beyond disciplines and professions – sharing information sources and course materials

Empowering forum of HEI libraries Aligning government strategies, especially

Ministry Of Education strategies to widening access and improve quality of education

Developing a concrete programs: Digital Library Applications and E-Learning, digital content

Aligned Government Policy and Investment to Information Literacy Initiatives

Issuing decree of education that allows ICT-based education programs.

Issuing decree of electronic information transaction that allows fee-based document interchange, course interchange.

Developing high speed internet infrastructure among HEI

Developing one-stop place to find educational information – electroning education bursa

High Speed Internet: Indonesian Higher Education Networks (INHERENT)

Development Programs

Developing digital library applications Developing e-learning system Developing digital local content: online

catalogue, digitalization of documents, online course materials, etc.

Developing interlibrary loan among HEI libraries

LONTAR: Distributed Digital Library Application at University of Indonesia

LONTAR: Distributed Digital Libary Application at UI

LONTAR integrates the concepts of library automation, distributed library system, digital library system and context sensitive information retrieval as its search engine Virtual one-stop place to find information

in the distributed library systems Encourage library resource sharing

Characteristics of Lontar Transportability, interconnectivity and

interoperability Dynamic field of MARC Record SMS gateway Resource sharing among libraries Import & Export with ISO2709

compliance Support for internationalizations of

language Easy to connect with other information

systems

SPEKTRA: Library Automation and Digital Content Management System

Windows based application deployable in remote areas

Low cost maintenance Union catalogue with batch mode updating Interlibrary Services among members of

InCU-VL (Indonesian Christian Universities Virtual Library)

IndonesiaDLN: Networks of Digital Libraries in Indonesia

Lead by Bandung Institute of Technology

Open source and Open Archives Initiative

Metadata harvesting of digital collections

Involve many HEI.

Standard dan Interconnectivity

Standard for electronic resources: Dublin Core

Standard Protocol untuk interconnectivity– OPEN Archive Initiative (OAI)-PMH– Z39.50

Standard data interchange in the Web: XML (eXtensible Markup Language)

Scele: E-learning System at University of Indonesia

Hybrid and dual mode system Replacing few class sessions Course content:

– Text– Audio– Video

Accessible through internet

PCU Camel: Petra’s E-learning System

Enhancing conventional teaching and learning

Accessible through internet Course based, not yet program based.

Messenger Server

Data :- Diskusi

File Server

Student Data :- Activities- Quiz- Examination

SCELE: UI e-Learning System

Network(Intranet & Internet)

Student

Tutor (on-line 24 hours)

Digital Library

Web Server

e-Mail

e-Mail Server

The Design of HEIs Collaborations Through Grid Technology

The Design of e-Learning Resource Sharing in HEI

Education InGrid: Collection of Intellectual Capital

HEI: A

ExperiencedLecturers

HEI: BGood

LearningMaterials

HEI: CExcellence

Researchers

HEI: DIndustryLinkages

HEI: XOwn

LicensedProducts

PT X PT Y PT X PT Y PT X PT YPT X PT Y PT X PT Y PT X PT Y

HEI X HEI Y HEI Z HEI P HEI Q HEI R

(Source APTIKOM, 2008)

E-Learning System in Higher Education Institutions

Name of the Higher Education Institution Website Address1 Universitas Indonesia (University of

Indonesia)scele.ui.ac.id,

cml.ui.ac.id

2 Institut Teknologi Bandung (Bandung Technology Institute)

kuliah.itb.ac.id

3 Universitas Gadjah Mada (University of Gadjah Mada)

i-elisa.ugm.ac.id

4 Universitas Bina Nusantara (University of Bina Nusantara)

ebinus.com

5 Universitas Terbuka (Open University) ut.ac.id

External Forces To Develop Information Society

KONFERENSI TINGKAT TINGGI

TENTANG MASYARAKAT INFORMASI

(WORLD SUMMIT ON THE INFORMATION SOCIETY - WSIS)

http:/www.itu.int/wsis/

WSIS adalah ttg: Deklarasi keinginan & komitmen bersama bangsa-2 dunia

utk membangun suatu Masyarakat Informasi yg terpusat pd manusia, inklusif & berorientasi pd

pengembangan, di mana semua orang dpt mencipta, mengakses, menggunakan, & berbagi informasi dan

pengetahuan, yg memungkinkan para individu, komunitas, & bangsa utk mendptkan- dayagunakan

kemampuan penuh mereka dlm rangka mempromosikan pembangunan yg berkesinambungan

& memperbaiki kualitas hidup mereka, dg mendasarkan pemikiran kpd tujuan-2 & prinsip-2

dasar Piagam PBB serta sepenuhnya menghormati & menjunjung tinggi Deklarasi HAM Sedunia.

Deklarasi Prinsip-2

A. Pandangan/Visi Bersama Kita mengenai Masyarakat Informasi

B. Membangun Masyarakat Informasi utk semua orang: Prinsip-2 Utama/Kunci

C. Menuju Masyarakat Informasi utk semua orang bdsk/melalui Pengetahuan yg dipakai bersama

Membangun Masyarakat Informasi: suatu tantangan global dlm Milenium baru

1. Mengurangi separuh angka kemiskinan dan kelaparan dunia.

2. Mencapai pendidikan dasar sec formal.3. Pencapaian kesetaraan hak dan kesempatan (gender)

antara perempuan dan pria.

4. Mengurangi angka mortalitas anak balita sebesar 2/3.5. Mengurangi angka mortalitas pd saat kelahiran

sebesar 3/4.6. Menghilangkan penyakit menular khususnya HIV/AIDS

dan Malaria.7. Menciptakan kestabilan ekosistem lingkungan.8. Menciptakan kerjasama kemitraan secara global, baik

dlm bentuk bantuan, perdagangan maupun moratorium hutang.

Tujuan-2 Pembangunan Milenium(Millennium Development Goals - MDGs)

Peran Para Pemangku kepentingan dlm kerjasama kemitraanyg saling mengisi utk menjembatani Kesenjangan Digital

Multi-stakeholderPartnerships

(Kemitraan Multi-Pemangku

Kepentingan)

Pemerintah (Nasional & Lokal)• Ciptakan kebijakan & aturan yg komprehensif• Mengukur & memonitor masalah-2 kesenj digital• Identifikasi permasalahan & selengg konsultasi• Promosikan e-Strategi• Promosikan Kompetisi

Organisasi Internasional• Dorong koord standar jak bersama• Sediakan forum berbagi penget, pengalaman & sumda• Dorong kerjasama• Promosikan interoperabilitas• Sediakan tenaga ahli

Sektor Swasta (Penyedia katras/katnak, wirausaha ind telematika)• Berdayakan Humas• Latih Tenaga Kerja yg berpotensi• Perluas Pasar• Promosikan daya telematika• Promosikan jasa telematika

Masy Madani (indiv, media, LSM, Institusi Akad)• Sampaikan kebutuhan masy yg urgen• Responsif thd kebut/batasan-2 kultural masy• Sempurnakan legitimasi/kepemilikan proyek2

Agenda utk Masyarakat Informasi

•Mekanisme Keuangan utk Mekanisme Keuangan utk memenuhi tantangan TIK dlm memenuhi tantangan TIK dlm

PembangunanPembangunan

•Pengelolaan Internet (Pengelolaan Internet (Internet Internet GovernanceGovernance))

•Implementasi & Tindak LanjutImplementasi & Tindak Lanjut

“Masyarakat informasi dan masyarakat berbasis pengetahuan merupakan masyarakat yang menyadari kegunaan dan manfaat informasi …”

Visi Teknologi Informasi Presiden RI

“Kita meyakini bahwa teknologi informasi adalah salah satu pilar utama pembangunan peradaban manusia saat ini…”

“… Tidak ada satupun bidang kehidupan bangsa ataupun sektor pembangunan nasional yang tidak memerlukan penggunaan teknologi informasi dan komunikasi…”

“… Dalam kerangka masyarakat berbasis pengetahuan inilah, teknologi informasi diharuskan mampu memberi nilai tambah bagi masyarakat luas …”

“… Kita sungguh berharap, teknologi informasi benar-benar dapat menjadi sarana penting dalam proses transformasi menjadi bangsa yang maju …”

“… Masyarakat yang cerdas, berarti setiap komponen masyarakat akan bergerak bersama, misalnya mewujudkan gerakan siswa cerdas, gerakan desa maju, gerakan guru cerdas, gerakan pesantren cerdas, gerakan petani cerdas, gerakan aparat cerdas, gerakan nelayan pintar, dan seterusnya…”

Conclusions

Information literacy initiaves encourage resource sharing and collaboration among HEI.

Government policy and regulation are needed to improve ICT infrastructure for information literacy.

Developing digital library application and e-learning system aims to improve information literacy, especialy for college students.