Indian Constitution & Rights and Duties of a citizen

INDIAN CONSTITUTION

THE CONSTITUTION - MEANING

A set of rules and principles that all persons in a country can agree upon as the basis of the way in which they want the country to be governed.

The constitution is not an instrument for government to restrain people, it is an instrument for people to restrain government.

NEED OF THE CONSTITUTION

Constitution plays a crucial role in laying out certain important guidelines that govern.

The Right to Equality is one of the fundamental Rights, guaranteed by the Indian constitution.

Ensures that a dominant group does not use its power against the minorities.

Constitution is to save us from ourselves

NEED OF THE CONSTITUTION

The Constitution helps to protect us against certain decisions that we might take that could have an adverse effect on the larger principles that the country believes in.

GOOD CONSTITUTION

A good Constitution does not allow to change its basic structure.

It does not allow for the easy overthrow of provisions that guarantee rights of citizens and protect their freedom.

THE INDIAN CONSTITUTION: BACKGROUND

Under the British, Indians had been forced to obey rules that they had very little role in policy making.

The long experience of authoritarian rule under the colonial state convinced Indians that free India should be a democracy in which everyone should be treated equally and be allowed to participate in government.

THE INDIAN CONSTITUTION: KEY FEATURES

Parliamentary Form of Government

A federal systemSeparation of PowersFundamental RightsSecularism

A FEDERAL SYSTEM

The existence of more than one level of government in the countryCentral GovernmentState GovernmentLocal Government

PARLIAMENTARY FORM OF GOVERNMENT

The people of India have a direct role in electing their representatives

SEPARATION OF POWERS

Legislature,The executive and The judiciary

Union legislature The union legislature is known as

parliament.Parliament consists of president , lok sabha

, Rajya sabha.Lok sabha & Rajya sabha are two houses of

parliament.

Lok sabha

Rajya sabha

FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS

1. Right to Equality2. Right to Freedom3. Right against Exploitation4. Right to Freedom of

Religion5. Cultural and Educational

Rights6. Right to Constitutional

Remedies

RIGHT TO EQUALITY

All persons are equal before the law.

This means that all persons shall be equally protected by the laws of the country.

RIGHT TO FREEDOM

the right to freedom of speech and expression, the right to form associations, the right to move freely and reside in any part of the country,and the right to practise any profession, occupation or business.

RIGHT TO EXPLOITATION

The Constitution prohibits trafficking, forced labour, and children working under 14 years of age.

RIGHT TO FREEDOM OF RELIGION

Religious freedom is provided to all citizens. Every person has the right to practise, profess and propagate the religion of their choice.

CULTURAL AND EDUCATIONAL RIGHTS

The Constitution states that all minorities, religious or linguistic, can set up their own educational institutions in order to preserve and develop their own culture.

RIGHT TO CONSTITUTIONAL REMEDIES

This allows citizens to move the court if they believe that any of their Fundamental Rights have been violated by the State.

To abide by the Constitution and respect its ideals and institutions, the National Flag and the National Anthem.

(b)To cherish and follow the noble ideals which inspired our national struggle for freedom.

(c)To uphold and protect the sovereignty, unity and integrity of India.

(d)To defend the country and render national service when called upon to do so.

(e)To promote harmony and the spirit of common brotherhood amongst all the people of India transcending religious, linguistic and regional or sectional diversities; to renounce practices derogatory to the dignity of women.

(f)To value and preserve the rich heritage of our composite culture.

Duties of citizen

(h)To develop the scientific temper, humanism and the spirit of inquiry and reform.

(i)To safeguard public property and to abjure violence.

(j)To strive towards excellence in all spheres of individual and collective activity so that the nation constantly rises to higher levels of endeavor and achievement.

(g)To protect and improve the natural environment including forests, lakes, rivers and wild life, and to have compassion for living creatures.

Duties of citizen

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