glycolysis and kreb cycle

PresentationOn

“Glycolysis And Kreb Cycle”

Presented by:-AAKRITI

GFT/115201

# The overall reaction:-C6H12O6+6O2 6CO2+6H2O+Energy(~30-32ATP)

# Definition:- It is a process of taking oxygen

and glucose and turning them into ATP i.e. energy for the body.

# Efficiency:- It is a 40% efficient process with 60% of the energy going to heat.

# Happens in 3 phases:-a) Glycolysis b) Krebs's Cycle c) ETC

Cellular Respiration

PATHWAY EUKARYOTE PROKARYOTE

GLYCOLYSIS CYTOPLASM CYTOPLASM

INTERMEDIATE STEP CYTOPLASM CYTOPLASM

KREB’s CYCLE MITOCHONDRIAL MATRIX CYTOPLASM

ETC MITOCHONDRIAL INNER MEMBRANE

PLASMA MEMBRANE

Where does cellular respiration take place?

STRUCTURE OF CELL

REVIEW:-# Smooth outer

membrane.# Folded inner

membrane.# Folds called

cristae.# Space inside

cristae is called matrix.

STRUCTURE

MITOCHONDRIA

OVERALL PROCESS DIAGRAM

Derived from Greek words; Glykys=sweet & Lysis=splitting

It is an anaerobic process. Ten step metabolic pathway to convert glucose into two molecules of pyruvate and

two molecules each of NADH and ATP. It occurs in the cytoplasm of plant and

animal cells. Free energy released in this process is

stored as two molecules of ATP and NADH.

GLYCOLYSIS

# Energy Investment Stage:- * Includes reaction steps from one to five. * Glucose to two Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate. * Two ATPs are invested. * Also called as preparatory stage.# Energy payoff stage:- * Includes reaction steps from six to ten. * Two Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate to two Pyruvate plus four ATPs. * A net gain of two molecules of ATP and two NADH

molecules.

TWO STAGES:-

A) GLUCOSE

B) ATP

MAIN REACTANTS

A) PYRUVATE

B) ATP

C) NADH

PRODUCTS

1) Hexokinase reaction: phosphorylation of glucose

2) Isomerization of G6P to Fructose-6-phosphate

3) Phosphorylation of F6P to Fructose 1,6-bisphosphate

4) Cleavage of Fructose 1,6-bisphosphate

5) Interconversion of triose phosphate

6) Oxidation of G3P to 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate

7) Phosphoryl transfer from 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate to ADP

to form 3-phosphoglycerate

8) Conversion of 3-phosphoglycerate to 2-

phosphoglycerate

9) Dehydration of 2-phosphoglycerate to phosphoenol pyruvate

10) Transfer of phosphoryl group from phosphoenol pyruvate to ADP

Intermediate step between Glycolysis and Krebs cycle.

Oxidation of Pyruvate

Location:- Mitochondrial matrix. It is an aerobic process. Net zero ATP is produced. Pyruvate molecules transported from

cytoplasm to mitochondria. Converts each pyruvate(3C) into acetyl

coenzyme(2C). 2CO2 released (1from each pyruvate) 2NAD+ reduced to NADH. Reaction:-pyruvate+NAD+CoA Acetyl-CoA+NADH+CO2

(2 pyruvate=2 NADH and CO2)

Details

# Also known as Citric Acid Cycle or TCA(Tri Carboxylic Acid).

# Occurs in mitochondrial matrix.# It is an aerobic process.# Net production of 2 ATPs.# Takes two complete cycles.# Uses Acetyl CoA to generate ATP,NADH,FADH2

and CO2.

# Eight steps, each within an enzyme.

KREB’s CYCLE

REACTION NO. OF ATP/REDUCED COENZYME FORMED

NO. OF ATP ULTIMATELY FORMED

1)Glucose to G6P -1 ATP -1

2)F6P to Fructose1,6-bisphosphate

-1 ATP -1

3)2G3P to 2 1,3-BPG 2NADH 3-5

4)2 1,3BPG to 2,3-PG 2ATP 2

5)2 PEP to 2 pyruvate 2ATP 2

6)2 Pyruvate to 2Acetyl-CoA

2NADH 5

7)2 Isocitrate to 2a-KG

2NADH 5

8)2 a-KG to 2 S- CoA 2NADH 5

9)2S-CoA to 2 Succinate

2ATP(2GTP) 2

10)2S to 2 Fumarate 2FADH2 3

11)2Malate to 2 Oxaloacetate

2NADH 5

TOTAL 30-32

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