Geography M2 Drawing cross section

Preview:

Citation preview

Geography Module #2 Unit #2 Lesson #10

DESCRIBING LANDSCAPE ON TOPOGRAPHIC MAPS

BEGIN

ObjectivesObjectives

What are contour lines?

What are contour lines?

Contour IntervalContour Interval

Cross Sections Cross Sections

Drawing Cross Sections

Drawing Cross Sections

QuizQuiz

IntroductionIntroduction

Slopes on Topographical

Maps

Slopes on Topographical

Maps

Landforms on Topographical

Maps

Landforms on Topographical

Maps

Objectives

As a result of this lesson, you will be able to

1. Define contour lines, relief, cross section

2. Calculate contour interval3. Distinguish between landforms with

similar contour patterns 4. Describe landforms through the reading

of contours5. Describe entire landscape through

reading of contours 6. Draw cross sections7. Recognize the importance of

interpreting relief on topographic maps

2

ObjectivesObjectives

What are contour lines?

What are contour lines?

Contour IntervalContour Interval

Cross Sections Cross Sections

Drawing Cross Sections

Drawing Cross Sections

QuizQuiz

IntroductionIntroduction

Slopes on Topographical

Maps

Slopes on Topographical

Maps

Landforms on Topographical

Maps

Landforms on Topographical

Maps

Introduction

Contour lines are used on topographical maps to show how the height and shape of land changes. They are also used to draw cross sections which give a side view of landforms. This presentation demonstrates how cross sections are drawn.

Contour patterns are also used to identify different landforms. This presentation will show you various contour patterns and the features they represent.

3

ObjectivesObjectives

What are contour lines?

What are contour lines?

Contour IntervalContour Interval

Cross Sections Cross Sections

Drawing Cross Sections

Drawing Cross Sections

QuizQuiz

IntroductionIntroduction

Slopes on Topographical

Maps

Slopes on Topographical

Maps

Landforms on Topographical

Maps

Landforms on Topographical

Maps

What are contour lines?

Contour lines are lines drawn on topographic maps joining places of equal height above sea level.On topographical maps contour lines are the brown lines with the values written in the gaps within the line. Click on the map for a larger version.

Contour lines

4

ObjectivesObjectives

What are contour lines?

What are contour lines?

Contour IntervalContour Interval

Cross Sections Cross Sections

Drawing Cross Sections

Drawing Cross Sections

QuizQuiz

IntroductionIntroduction

Slopes on Topographical

Maps

Slopes on Topographical

Maps

Landforms on Topographical

Maps

Landforms on Topographical

Maps

Here are contour lines.

Contour lines are lines drawn on topographic maps joining places of equal height above sea level.

5

ObjectivesObjectives

What are contour lines?

What are contour lines?

Contour IntervalContour Interval

Cross Sections Cross Sections

Drawing Cross Sections

Drawing Cross Sections

QuizQuiz

IntroductionIntroduction

Slopes on Topographical

Maps

Slopes on Topographical

Maps

Landforms on Topographical

Maps

Landforms on Topographical

Maps

Contour Lines

On topographical maps contour lines are the brown lines with the values written in the gaps within the line.

6

ObjectivesObjectives

What are contour lines?

What are contour lines?

Contour IntervalContour Interval

Cross Sections Cross Sections

Drawing Cross Sections

Drawing Cross Sections

QuizQuiz

IntroductionIntroduction

Slopes on Topographical

Maps

Slopes on Topographical

Maps

Landforms on Topographical

Maps

Landforms on Topographical

Maps

Contour interval or vertical interval

Contour interval is the difference in height between one contour line and the next.

The vertical interval for this map is 100 metres.

7

ObjectivesObjectives

What are contour lines?

What are contour lines?

Contour IntervalContour Interval

Cross Sections Cross Sections

Drawing Cross Sections

Drawing Cross Sections

QuizQuiz

IntroductionIntroduction

Slopes on Topographical

Maps

Slopes on Topographical

Maps

Landforms on Topographical

Maps

Landforms on Topographical

Maps

Cross Sections

Contour lines are used to draw cross sections.

A cross section is a side view of an area or feature.

Cross sections help us to visualize an area.

8

ObjectivesObjectives

What are contour lines?

What are contour lines?

Contour IntervalContour Interval

Cross Sections Cross Sections

Drawing Cross Sections

Drawing Cross Sections

QuizQuiz

IntroductionIntroduction

Slopes on Topographical

Maps

Slopes on Topographical

Maps

Landforms on Topographical

Maps

Landforms on Topographical

Maps

Drawing Cross Sections 9

Before you begin to draw a cross section imagine yourself walking or driving across the area.

You can do this by reading the contours.

Watch the animation below.

ObjectivesObjectives

What are contour lines?

What are contour lines?

Contour IntervalContour Interval

Cross Sections Cross Sections

Drawing Cross Sections

Drawing Cross Sections

QuizQuiz

IntroductionIntroduction

Slopes on Topographical

Maps

Slopes on Topographical

Maps

Landforms on Topographical

Maps

Landforms on Topographical

Maps

Drawing Cross Sections

1. Identify the two points between which you want to draw the cross section.

2. Draw a line to connect the two points.

10

X

Y

ObjectivesObjectives

What are contour lines?

What are contour lines?

Contour IntervalContour Interval

Cross Sections Cross Sections

Drawing Cross Sections

Drawing Cross Sections

QuizQuiz

IntroductionIntroduction

Slopes on Topographical

Maps

Slopes on Topographical

Maps

Landforms on Topographical

Maps

Landforms on Topographical

Maps

Drawing Cross Sections

3. Lay edge of plain sheet of paper along the line and mark starting point and end point.

4. Mark and attach value to each contour line that touches the edge of the paper

11

ObjectivesObjectives

What are contour lines?

What are contour lines?

Contour IntervalContour Interval

Cross Sections Cross Sections

Drawing Cross Sections

Drawing Cross Sections

QuizQuiz

IntroductionIntroduction

Slopes on Topographical

Maps

Slopes on Topographical

Maps

Landforms on Topographical

Maps

Landforms on Topographical

Maps

Drawing Cross Sections

5. Plot points on a graph paper.

6. Distance on horizontal axis and height on vertical axis.

7. Join the dots to see the shape of the land

12

ObjectivesObjectives

What are contour lines?

What are contour lines?

Contour IntervalContour Interval

Cross Sections Cross Sections

Drawing Cross Sections

Drawing Cross Sections

QuizQuiz

IntroductionIntroduction

Slopes on Topographical

Maps

Slopes on Topographical

Maps

Landforms on Topographical

Maps

Landforms on Topographical

Maps

Drawing Cross Sections

8. Enclose the cross section.

9. Shade the area.

10. Label the cross section.

11. Give it a title.

12. Include the horizontal scale and vertical scale.

13

ObjectivesObjectives

What are contour lines?

What are contour lines?

Contour IntervalContour Interval

Cross Sections Cross Sections

Drawing Cross Sections

Drawing Cross Sections

QuizQuiz

IntroductionIntroduction

Slopes on Topographical

Maps

Slopes on Topographical

Maps

Landforms on Topographical

Maps

Landforms on Topographical

Maps

Slopes on a Topographical Map

A steep slope or a scarp slope is shown by contours that are close together.

14

Steep slope

ObjectivesObjectives

What are contour lines?

What are contour lines?

Contour IntervalContour Interval

Cross Sections Cross Sections

Drawing Cross Sections

Drawing Cross Sections

QuizQuiz

IntroductionIntroduction

Slopes on Topographical

Maps

Slopes on Topographical

Maps

Landforms on Topographical

Maps

Landforms on Topographical

Maps

Slopes on a Topographical Map15

A gentle slope or a dip slope is shown by contours that are far apart.

Gentle slope

ObjectivesObjectives

What are contour lines?

What are contour lines?

Contour IntervalContour Interval

Cross Sections Cross Sections

Drawing Cross Sections

Drawing Cross Sections

QuizQuiz

IntroductionIntroduction

Slopes on Topographical

Maps

Slopes on Topographical

Maps

Landforms on Topographical

Maps

Landforms on Topographical

Maps

Landforms on Topographic Map Conical Hill

16

Conical Hill - Contour Pattern

Conical Hill

Conical hills are so called because they are shaped like cones and taper to a point.

The space within the innermost contour is small.

ObjectivesObjectives

What are contour lines?

What are contour lines?

Contour IntervalContour Interval

Cross Sections Cross Sections

Drawing Cross Sections

Drawing Cross Sections

QuizQuiz

IntroductionIntroduction

Slopes on Topographical

Maps

Slopes on Topographical

Maps

Landforms on Topographical

Maps

Landforms on Topographical

Maps

Round -topped Hill17

A round –topped hill is represented by concentric contour lines with increasing values toward the centre.

The outer contours are not always circular. The space within the innermost contour is comparatively large.

Round-topped HillContour Pattern

Round-topped HillContour Pattern

Round-topped HillRound-topped Hill

ObjectivesObjectives

What are contour lines?

What are contour lines?

Contour IntervalContour Interval

Cross Sections Cross Sections

Drawing Cross Sections

Drawing Cross Sections

QuizQuiz

IntroductionIntroduction

Slopes on Topographical

Maps

Slopes on Topographical

Maps

Landforms on Topographical

Maps

Landforms on Topographical

Maps

Flat -topped Hill18

Flat-topped Hill Contour Pattern

Flat-topped Hill Contour Pattern

Flat-topped Hill Flat-topped Hill

The innermost (highest) contour line encloses a wide space. The contours are not usually circular.

ObjectivesObjectives

What are contour lines?

What are contour lines?

Contour IntervalContour Interval

Cross Sections Cross Sections

Drawing Cross Sections

Drawing Cross Sections

QuizQuiz

IntroductionIntroduction

Slopes on Topographical

Maps

Slopes on Topographical

Maps

Landforms on Topographical

Maps

Landforms on Topographical

Maps

Plateau

A plateau is a large highland area with an almost flat top.

19

ObjectivesObjectives

What are contour lines?

What are contour lines?

Contour IntervalContour Interval

Cross Sections Cross Sections

Drawing Cross Sections

Drawing Cross Sections

QuizQuiz

IntroductionIntroduction

Slopes on Topographical

Maps

Slopes on Topographical

Maps

Landforms on Topographical

Maps

Landforms on Topographical

Maps

Ridge

A ridge is a long narrow strip of highland. Contours are elongated, almost parallel.

20

ObjectivesObjectives

What are contour lines?

What are contour lines?

Contour IntervalContour Interval

Cross Sections Cross Sections

Drawing Cross Sections

Drawing Cross Sections

QuizQuiz

IntroductionIntroduction

Slopes on Topographical

Maps

Slopes on Topographical

Maps

Landforms on Topographical

Maps

Landforms on Topographical

Maps

Valley 21

A valley is a lowland between two highlands.

Contour lines point to higher land.

ObjectivesObjectives

What are contour lines?

What are contour lines?

Contour IntervalContour Interval

Cross Sections Cross Sections

Drawing Cross Sections

Drawing Cross Sections

QuizQuiz

IntroductionIntroduction

Slopes on Topographical

Maps

Slopes on Topographical

Maps

Landforms on Topographical

Maps

Landforms on Topographical

Maps

Gorge 22

A ravine is a very narrow steep-sided valley.

The contours are very close together.

A very deep ravine is called a gorge.

ObjectivesObjectives

What are contour lines?

What are contour lines?

Contour IntervalContour Interval

Cross Sections Cross Sections

Drawing Cross Sections

Drawing Cross Sections

QuizQuiz

IntroductionIntroduction

Slopes on Topographical

Maps

Slopes on Topographical

Maps

Landforms on Topographical

Maps

Landforms on Topographical

Maps

Matching Exercise - 123

Click on the contour pattern that matches the picture on the left. The correct answer will be highlighted in green and chime heard.

ObjectivesObjectives

What are contour lines?

What are contour lines?

Contour IntervalContour Interval

Cross Sections Cross Sections

Drawing Cross Sections

Drawing Cross Sections

QuizQuiz

IntroductionIntroduction

Slopes on Topographical

Maps

Slopes on Topographical

Maps

Landforms on Topographical

Maps

Landforms on Topographical

Maps

Matching Exercise - 224

Click on the contour pattern that matches the picture on the left. The correct answer will be highlighted in green and a chime heard.

ObjectivesObjectives

What are contour lines?

What are contour lines?

Contour IntervalContour Interval

Cross Sections Cross Sections

Drawing Cross Sections

Drawing Cross Sections

QuizQuiz

IntroductionIntroduction

Slopes on Topographical

Maps

Slopes on Topographical

Maps

Landforms on Topographical

Maps

Landforms on Topographical

Maps

Feedback - Matching Exercise25

ObjectivesObjectives

What are contour lines?

What are contour lines?

Contour IntervalContour Interval

Cross Sections Cross Sections

Drawing Cross Sections

Drawing Cross Sections

QuizQuiz

IntroductionIntroduction

Slopes on Topographical

Maps

Slopes on Topographical

Maps

Landforms on Topographical

Maps

Landforms on Topographical

Maps

End of Quiz

You have reached the end of the quiz.

If you wish to review this lesson, go to the first slide.

If you have finished viewing the lesson, click the Close (X) button.

26

Recommended