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GeographicInformationSystems(GIS)forLibraries
Seti Keshmiripour
GraduateLibraryAssistant
ResearchandInstructionalServices
UNTLibraries
Spring2014
Overview Background Definition GISData Layers AreasofGISApplications GISApplicationsinLibraries GISReferenceLibrarian GISToolsandSoftware HowtofindGISData Examples
Background
ThehistoryofGISgoesbackto60s Pioneers:Canada,HarvardUniversity,andEnvironmentalSystemResearchInstitute(ESRI)
GISproducers ESRI
Intergraph
ERDASImagine
HexagonGeospatial
MapInfo
Smallworld
Definition
GISanalyzedata,findpatterns,andassesstrendsinordertoanswerquestionsandmakedecisions.
GISprovidestoolstocreate,share,andusegeographicinformationwithothers.
GIScomponents:hardware,software,data,peopleandworkflows
Geographicalinformationincludes spatialinformation:wheresomethingis
attributeinformation:whatsomethingis
SpatialData‐ Vector
Representsfeatureswithdistinctboundariessuchashousesandrivers
Basedoncoordinate:Longitude&Latitude Points Polylines Polygons
SpatialData‐ Raster Rasterrepresentscontinuousdatawithoutdistinctboundariessuchaselevationandprecipitation.Itisagridofcells.
Cellsarearrangedinrowsandcolumns.Eachcellcontainsavalue.
AttributeData
Attributedetermineswhatsomethingisandusuallycontainsnameandtime.
Layers
Layerisasetoflogicallyrelatedgeographicfeaturesandtheirattributes
Thevisualrepresentationofageographicdatasetinanydigitalmapenvironment.
Differentlayersofinformationarecombinedtogethertoshowtheareasthatmatchesourcriteria.
AreasofGISApplication ResourcesManagement LandUsePlanning Defense UtilitiesandEnvironmentalMonitoring WildlifeBiology PublicHealth DemographicAnalysis BusinessPlanningandMarketing Agriculture WeatherandClimate Crimelocation DataVisualization …
GISApplicationsinLibraries
ResearchandAdministration UsingGISfordecisionmaking
Services Locatingbooksormappinglibrarycollection
Mappingsubjectcontent
Mappingandnetworkingsuppliersanddistributers
Userstudy
DatabasesandTools ProvidingaccesstosoftwaresuchasArcGIS
Offeringworkshopsandtrainingsessions
AssistingresearchersbyprovidingaccesstoGISandspatialdatabases
GISReferenceLibrarian
Tohaveknowledgeofgeospatialconceptsandtools
Tohaveskillstostructureproblemsinreferenceinterview
Knowledgeofgeospatialresources Web‐baseddatabasesandlibraries Nonweb‐baseddatabasesandlibraries
Tohelpusertofindgeographicaldatasets,geo‐spatialdata,etc.
GISTools&Software ArcGIS QGIShttp://www.qgis.org/en/site/ GRASSGIS(GeographicResourcesAnalysisSupportSystem)http://grass.osgeo.org/
Marblehttp://marble.kde.org/ OSGeo (OpenSourceGeospatialFoundation):“wascreatedtosupportthecollaborativedevelopmentofopensourcegeospatialsoftware,andpromoteitswidespreaduse”. http://www.osgeo.org/
HowtofindGISData
Governmentagencies,Organizations,Privategeographicagencies USCensushttps://www.census.gov/ ESRIhttp://www.esri.com/ DentonCountyGIShttp://dentoncounty.com/dept/main.asp?Dept=127
NorthCentralTexasCouncilofGovernments(NCTCOG)http://gis.dfwinfo.com/
What’sdone
CornellUniversityGeospatialInformationRepository(CUGIR)http://cugir.mannlib.cornell.edu/
HarvardGeospatialLibraryhttp://calvert.hul.harvard.edu:8080/opengeoportal/
WashingtonGeospatialDataArchive(WAGDA)http://wagda.lib.washington.edu/
UniversityofArizonaElectronicAtlashttp://uair.arizona.edu/item/292543
Examples
Hypotheticalsituation#1:DentonCountyisplanningonbuildinganewpubliclibrary.Theyneedtodecidewhereitshouldbelocatedinordertoservethelargestpopulation?
Proximityofthenewsitetotheareaswithhigherpopulationdensityisthecriterionfordecisionmaking.
Map of the U.S. census tracts (source: ESRI)
Making a layer of the census tracts of Texas
Making a layer of the census tracts of Denton county
Locations of the current public libraries and population density (darker area, higher population density)
Potential location
Examples
Hypotheticalsituation2:DentonCountypubliclibrariesisplanningonincreasingthebudgetofHispaniccollections.Whichpubliclibraryshouldreceivemorebudget?
ApubliclibrarylocatedneartheareaswithhigherHispanicpopulationdensityshouldreceivemoremoney.
Locations of the current public libraries and Hispanic population density (darker area, higher Hispanic population density)
Potential location
Potential location
References ESRI(2014).Retrievedfromhttp://www.esri.com/
Hanson,A.,Heron,S.,&Reehling,P.(2008). Integratinggeographicinformationsystemsintolibraryservices:Aguideforacademiclibraries.Hershey:InformationSciencePub.
LibrariesinDentonCounty(2014).Retrievedfromhttp://dentoncounty.com/other/libraries.asp
Phadke,D.N.(2006). GeographicalInformationSystems(GIS)inlibraryandinformationservices.NewDelhi,India:ConceptPublishingCompany.
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