Enhancing the working temperature span and refrigerant capacity of two-phase composite systems...

Introduction Results Conclusions

Enhancing the working temperature span and refrigerantcapacity of two-phase composite systems based on

amorphous FeZrBCu ribbons

P. Alvarez1 J.L. Sánchez-Llamazares2 P. Gorria1 J.A. Blanco1

1University of Oviedo, Spain2Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica, Mexico

International Symposium on Metastable, Amorphous and NanostructuredMaterials

Introduction Results Conclusions

Outline

1 IntroductionMagnetocaloric EffectImproving the Relative Cooling Power

2 ResultsMagnetocaloric PropertiesCombined System

3 Conclusions

Introduction Results Conclusions

Magnetocaloric Effect

The Magnetic Entropy Change and the Relative Cooling Power

Temperature dependence ofMagnetization for GdAl2 and itsrelation with the MCE

Maxwell Relation

Isothermal Magnetic Entropy Change

∆S (T ,H2)P,∆H =

∫ H2

H1

(∂M∂T

)P,H

dH

Relative Cooling Power (RCP)

Estimation of RCP

RCP1(H) = |∆SPeakM (H) | × δTFWHM

RCP2(H) =

∫ TH

TC|∆SM (T ,H)| dT .

RCP3(H) = max{∣∣∆Smag (T1,H)

∣∣× (T2 − T1)}

Introduction Results Conclusions

Magnetocaloric Effect

The Magnetic Entropy Change and the Relative Cooling Power

Temperature dependence ofMagnetization for GdAl2 and itsrelation with the MCE

Maxwell Relation

Isothermal Magnetic Entropy Change

∆S (T ,H2)P,∆H =

∫ H2

H1

(∂M∂T

)P,H

dH

Relative Cooling Power (RCP)

Estimation of RCP

RCP1(H) = |∆SPeakM (H) | × δTFWHM

RCP2(H) =

∫ TH

TC|∆SM (T ,H)| dT .

RCP3(H) = max{∣∣∆Smag (T1,H)

∣∣× (T2 − T1)}

Introduction Results Conclusions

Improving the Relative Cooling Power

Composite Compounds: an Effective way to Improve the RCP via the ∆SM (T ) Broadening

Past: Low TemperatureMagnetic Composites

T. Hashimoto et al., J. Appl. Phys. 62 (9)(1987) 3873-3878

Recent: RCP Improvement around RT byUsing Magnetic Composites

R. Caballero-Flores et al., Appl. Phys. Lett. 98 (2011) 102505

Further Comments

RCP Optimization for a Two-PhaseMagnetic Composite

Shape of ∆SM (T )

δTC

Weight Fraction of Both Phases

Applied Magnetic Field

The Maximum Refrigeration Efficiency isattained with Constant Magnetic EntropyChange curves.

A.M. Tishin and Y.I. Spichkin. Magnetocaloric Effectand Its Applications. Series in Condensed MatterPhysics, 1 edition (2003).

Introduction Results Conclusions

Improving the Relative Cooling Power

Composite Compounds: an Effective way to Improve the RCP via the ∆SM (T ) Broadening

Past: Low TemperatureMagnetic Composites

T. Hashimoto et al., J. Appl. Phys. 62 (9)(1987) 3873-3878

Recent: RCP Improvement around RT byUsing Magnetic Composites

R. Caballero-Flores et al., Appl. Phys. Lett. 98 (2011) 102505

Further Comments

RCP Optimization for a Two-PhaseMagnetic Composite

Shape of ∆SM (T )

δTC

Weight Fraction of Both Phases

Applied Magnetic Field

The Maximum Refrigeration Efficiency isattained with Constant Magnetic EntropyChange curves.

A.M. Tishin and Y.I. Spichkin. Magnetocaloric Effectand Its Applications. Series in Condensed MatterPhysics, 1 edition (2003).

Introduction Results Conclusions

Improving the Relative Cooling Power

Composite Compounds: an Effective way to Improve the RCP via the ∆SM (T ) Broadening

Past: Low TemperatureMagnetic Composites

T. Hashimoto et al., J. Appl. Phys. 62 (9)(1987) 3873-3878

Recent: RCP Improvement around RT byUsing Magnetic Composites

R. Caballero-Flores et al., Appl. Phys. Lett. 98 (2011) 102505

Further Comments

RCP Optimization for a Two-PhaseMagnetic Composite

Shape of ∆SM (T )

δTC

Weight Fraction of Both Phases

Applied Magnetic Field

The Maximum Refrigeration Efficiency isattained with Constant Magnetic EntropyChange curves.

A.M. Tishin and Y.I. Spichkin. Magnetocaloric Effectand Its Applications. Series in Condensed MatterPhysics, 1 edition (2003).

Introduction Results Conclusions

FeZrBCu amorphous alloys

Nanoperm Alloys

∆SM (T ) for Nanoperm alloys

P. Alvarez et al., Intermetallics 18 (2010)2464-2467

FeZrBCu Amorphous Alloys Produced

Fe90Zr10 - Fe90Zr9B1 - Fe91Zr7B2 - Fe90Zr8B2

Fe88Zr8B4 - Fe86Zr7B6Cu1 - Fe87Zr6B6Cu1

Arc-melting Bulk alloy→ Melt-spinning→ Amorphous Ribbons

Introduction Results Conclusions

FeZrBCu amorphous alloys

Nanoperm Alloys

∆SM (T ) for Nanoperm alloys

P. Alvarez et al., Intermetallics 18 (2010)2464-2467

FeZrBCu Amorphous Alloys Produced

Fe90Zr10 - Fe90Zr9B1 - Fe91Zr7B2 - Fe90Zr8B2

Fe88Zr8B4 - Fe86Zr7B6Cu1 - Fe87Zr6B6Cu1

Arc-melting Bulk alloy→ Melt-spinning→ Amorphous Ribbons

Introduction Results Conclusions

Advantages

Advantages of FeZrBCu alloys for their use in Two-Phase Composite Systems

Advantages

Easy to produce (Meltspinning technique)

Low Cost (Fe-Basedalloys)

Large MS values

Second Order MagneticPhase Transition

Tunable TC in a wide range

Broad ∆SM (T ) curves

Magnetization Isotherms

MS ≈ 125 − 135 emu g−1

Typical Arrott PlotTC vs Fe Content

Introduction Results Conclusions

Advantages

Advantages of FeZrBCu alloys for their use in Two-Phase Composite Systems

Advantages

Easy to produce (Meltspinning technique)

Low Cost (Fe-Basedalloys)

Large MS values

Second Order MagneticPhase Transition

Tunable TC in a wide range

Broad ∆SM (T ) curves

Magnetization Isotherms

MS ≈ 125 − 135 emu g−1

Typical Arrott PlotTC vs Fe Content

Introduction Results Conclusions

Advantages

Advantages of FeZrBCu alloys for their use in Two-Phase Composite Systems

Advantages

Easy to produce (Meltspinning technique)

Low Cost (Fe-Basedalloys)

Large MS values

Second Order MagneticPhase Transition

Tunable TC in a wide range

Broad ∆SM (T ) curves

Magnetization Isotherms

MS ≈ 125 − 135 emu g−1

Typical Arrott Plot

TC vs Fe Content

Introduction Results Conclusions

Advantages

Advantages of FeZrBCu alloys for their use in Two-Phase Composite Systems

Advantages

Easy to produce (Meltspinning technique)

Low Cost (Fe-Basedalloys)

Large MS values

Second Order MagneticPhase Transition

Tunable TC in a wide range

Broad ∆SM (T ) curves

Magnetization Isotherms

MS ≈ 125 − 135 emu g−1

Typical Arrott PlotTC vs Fe Content

Introduction Results Conclusions

Advantages

Advantages of FeZrBCu alloys for their use in Two-Phase Composite Systems

Advantages

Easy to produce (Meltspinning technique)

Low Cost (Fe-Basedalloys)

Large MS values

Second Order MagneticPhase Transition

Tunable TC in a wide range

Broad ∆SM (T ) curves

Magnetization Isotherms

MS ≈ 125 − 135 emu g−1

Typical Arrott PlotTC vs Fe Content

Introduction Results Conclusions

Magnetocaloric Properties

Magnetic Entropy Change

A general view to ∆SM (T ) curvesfor amorphous FeZrCuB alloys

Introduction Results Conclusions

Magnetocaloric Properties

Magnetic Entropy Change

A general view to ∆SM (T ) curvesfor amorphous FeZrCuB alloys

Introduction Results Conclusions

Magnetocaloric Properties

Typical RCP and δTFWHM values of amorphous FeZrCuB alloys

RCP-1

RCP-2

Metallic Gd

RCP1(µ0H = 5 T) = 687 Jkg−1

RCP2(µ0H = 5 T) = 503 Jkg−1

Width of the ∆SM (T ) Curves

Introduction Results Conclusions

Magnetocaloric Properties

Typical RCP and δTFWHM values of amorphous FeZrCuB alloys

RCP-1

RCP-2

Metallic Gd

RCP1(µ0H = 5 T) = 687 Jkg−1

RCP2(µ0H = 5 T) = 503 Jkg−1

Width of the ∆SM (T ) Curves

Introduction Results Conclusions

Combined System

A Concrete Two-Phase Composite based on amorphous FeZrCuB ribbons: EXAMPLE 1

∆SM (T ) curves of ComponentA (Fe90Zr9B1) and B (Fe87Zr6B6Cu1)

∆SM (T ) curves of the Composite System0.4 A + 0.6 B

Introduction Results Conclusions

Combined System

A Concrete Two-Phase Composite based on amorphous FeZrCuB ribbons: EXAMPLE 1

∆SM (T ) curves of ComponentA (Fe90Zr9B1) and B (Fe87Zr6B6Cu1)

∆SM (T ) curves of the Composite System0.4 A + 0.6 B

Introduction Results Conclusions

Combined System

A Concrete Two-Phase Composite based on amorphous FeZrCuB ribbons: EXAMPLE 2

∆SM (T ) for the two-ribbon system0.5 A (Fe87Zr6B6Cu1) + 0.5 B (Fe90Zr8B2)

Increase of δTFWHM for the Two-Phase System0.5 A (Fe87Zr6B6Cu1) + 0.5 B (Fe90Zr8B2)

Resulting RCP for the Two-Phase System0.5 A (Fe87Zr6B6Cu1) + 0.5 B (Fe90Zr8B2)

RCP ≈ 95% of Metallic Gd

Introduction Results Conclusions

Combined System

A Concrete Two-Phase Composite based on amorphous FeZrCuB ribbons: EXAMPLE 2

∆SM (T ) for the two-ribbon system0.5 A (Fe87Zr6B6Cu1) + 0.5 B (Fe90Zr8B2)

Increase of δTFWHM for the Two-Phase System0.5 A (Fe87Zr6B6Cu1) + 0.5 B (Fe90Zr8B2)

Resulting RCP for the Two-Phase System0.5 A (Fe87Zr6B6Cu1) + 0.5 B (Fe90Zr8B2)

RCP ≈ 95% of Metallic Gd

Introduction Results Conclusions

Combined System

A Concrete Two-Phase Composite based on amorphous FeZrCuB ribbons: EXAMPLE 2

∆SM (T ) for the two-ribbon system0.5 A (Fe87Zr6B6Cu1) + 0.5 B (Fe90Zr8B2)

Increase of δTFWHM for the Two-Phase System0.5 A (Fe87Zr6B6Cu1) + 0.5 B (Fe90Zr8B2)

Resulting RCP for the Two-Phase System0.5 A (Fe87Zr6B6Cu1) + 0.5 B (Fe90Zr8B2)

RCP ≈ 95% of Metallic Gd

Introduction Results Conclusions

Combined System

Flattening of the ∆SM (T ) Curve

Flattening of ∆SM (T ) for the system0.5 A (Fe87Zr6B6Cu1) + 0.5 B (Fe90Zr8B2)

Introduction Results Conclusions

Combined System

Flattening of the ∆SM (T ) Curve

Flattening of ∆SM (T ) for the system0.5 A (Fe87Zr6B6Cu1) + 0.5 B (Fe90Zr8B2)

Introduction Results Conclusions

Conclusions

In this contribution we experimentally show that a combinationof two Nanoperm amorphous ribbons forming a two-phasecomposite system may lead to:

A considerably increase of the δTFWHM with the consequentenhancement in the RCP;

A Flattening of the ∆SM(T ) curve which improves therefrigerant efficiency of the refrigerant thermodynamic cycle.

The latter is possible due to the broad ∆SM(T ) curve shown byNanoperm alloys and their combination in a proper way (i.e, theright selection of both, the δTC of the two alloys chosen to formthe composite, and the relative weight fraction).

THANKS FOR YOUR ATTENTION!

Introduction Results Conclusions

Conclusions

In this contribution we experimentally show that a combinationof two Nanoperm amorphous ribbons forming a two-phasecomposite system may lead to:

A considerably increase of the δTFWHM with the consequentenhancement in the RCP;

A Flattening of the ∆SM(T ) curve which improves therefrigerant efficiency of the refrigerant thermodynamic cycle.

The latter is possible due to the broad ∆SM(T ) curve shown byNanoperm alloys and their combination in a proper way (i.e, theright selection of both, the δTC of the two alloys chosen to formthe composite, and the relative weight fraction).

THANKS FOR YOUR ATTENTION!