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Presentation at the Amrita Vidyalayam, Sket on 20/02/2010
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Comprehensive and Continuous Assessment in Schools
Sanjaya Mishra
What is Teaching and Learning?
• Think for yourself – what according to you teaching and learning is all about?
What is Teaching and Learning?
• Empowering citizens?
What is Teaching and Learning?
• Empowering citizens?• Transmission of information/knowledge and
evaluating students?
What is Teaching and Learning?
• Empowering citizens?• Transmission of information/knowledge and
evaluating students?• Certification system?
What is Teaching and Learning?
• Empowering citizens?• Transmission of information/knowledge and
evaluating students?• Certification system?• Preparation for employment?
What is Teaching and Learning?
• Empowering citizens?• Transmission of information/knowledge and
evaluating students?• Certification system?• Preparation of employment?• Achievement of learning outcomes of a
course/programme?
What is Teaching and Learning?
• It is definitely preparing our students for the future/change...
Changes in Education
Teacher-centred
Learner-centred
Learning-centred
Approach to Teaching and Learning
Changes in Education
Behaviourism/Cognitivism
Constructivism
Connectivism
Teaching and Learning Philosophy
Changes in Education
Teacher Design
Team Design
Student Participation
Curriculum
Changes in Education
Final Pen and Paper Test
+ Continuous, Product oriented
Evidence-based, process oriented
Assessment methods
What is Assessment?• Meaning?
What is Assessment?• Meaning?
• Purposes?
What is Assessment?• Meaning?
• Purposes? (assessing...
– Critical thinking and higher order cognitive abilities
– Solving problems and developing plans
– Performing procedures and demonstrating techniques
– Assessing and managing information
– Demonstrating knowledge and understanding
– Designing, creating and performing, Communicating
What is Assessment?• Meaning?
• Purposes?
• Types?
– Assessment of Learning (Summative)– Assessment for Learning (Formative)
Problems in Assessment
• Subjectivity in Essays
• Time
• Promotion of rote learning
• Quantification in objective tests
• Poor recognition of abilities
• Poor feedback and diminished chance of development
Trends in Assessment• Shift from
– Assessing knowledge
– Assessing products
– End of course test
– Written assessments
– Norm-referenced
– Pass/Fail summative
• Towards– Assessing skills and understanding
– Assessing processes
– Continuous assessment
– Use of variety of methods/evidence
– Criterion-referenced
– Formative identification of strengths and weaknesses and recording of positive achievements in addition to summative
Qualities of Good Assessment
• Aligning assessment with objectives
• Explicit/open criteria and standards
• Authentic and holistic tasks
• Facilitative degree of structure to promote self-direction
• Sufficient and timely formative feedback
• Balanced tension between workload and time
New Assessment Techniques
• Self-assessment
• Peer-assessment
• Portfolios/e-Portfolios
• Reflective journaling
• Online discussions/ eGroups
• Concept maps
• Projects (individual/group)
• Term papers and seminars
• Oral presentations, debate and interviews
What CBSE says…
• Education aims at making children capable of becoming responsible, productive and useful members of society
• Examinations are an indispensable part of the educational process as some form of assessment is necessary to determine the effectiveness of teaching learning processes and their internalization by learners
• The scope of evaluation in schools extends to almost all the areas of learners' personality development. It should include both scholastic and co-scholastic areas
What CBSE says…Types of Assessment
Formative
Summative
Scholastic
Co-scholastic
Holistic AssessmentPART 1A.School subjects
Two Formative and one summative assessment per term (9 point scale)
B. Work Exp, Art Edu, Physical and Health Edu/Games (5 point scale)
PART 3A.Co-scholastic skills
Any two of: Literary and creative skills, scientific skills, Aesthetics skills, Clubs (3 point scale)
B. Health and Physical Edu.
NCC, Sports, swimming, First Aid, Yoga, Scout, etc. (3 point scale)
PART 2A.Life Skills
Thinking skills, social skills, emotional skills (3 point scale)
B. Attitudes and Values
Towards teachers, school-mates, programmes, environment, and value system. (3 point scale)
Scholastic Assessment Types and Time of Assessment
Formative
Summative
Term 1 FA1=10%
FA2=10%
SA1=20%
Term 2 FA3=10%
FA4=10%
SA2=40%
Scholastic Assessment Mark Range Grade Grade point
91-100 A1 10.0
81-90 A2 9.0
71-80 B1 8.0
61-70 B2 7.0
51-60 C1 6.0
41-50 C2 5.0
31-40 D 4.0
21-30 E1
00-20 E2
Implications for teachers• Professional approach to teaching required• Lesson plans necessary• Record keeping for all the students• Individual attention to each student• Appropriate reasoning and feedback to be given
in appropriate manner, at appropriate intervals• Involve parents in the formative assessment
feedback• Monitoring the overall growth and development• Maintaining school-wide student records• Technology may help, but teachers need to
manage their time
Thank you very much. -- Sanjaya Mishra
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