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Communication
Prepared by
Rajveer Bhaskar,Assistant ProfessorRCPIPER, Shirpur, M.S.
Communication
Latin word – communis (common) An exchange of idea, facts, opinions or
emotions to create mutual understanding. Nature of communication:1. Pervasive function2. Continuous process3. Mutual understanding4. Two way process
The Communication Process and Communication Barriers
Communication process – Consists of a sender who encodes a message and transmits it through a channel to a receiver who decodes it and may give feedback.
The Process of Communication
The Process of Communication
How may the sender How may the sender encode a message?encode a message?
Verbally or nonverbally. By speaking, writing, gesturing.
What kinds of channels What kinds of channels carry messages?carry messages?
Letters, e-mail, IM, memos, TV, telephone, voice, body. Others?
The Process of Communication
How does a receiver How does a receiver decode a message?decode a message?
Hearing, reading, observing
When is communication When is communication successful?successful?
When a message is understood as the sender intended it to be.
How can a How can a communicator provide communicator provide for feedback?for feedback?
Ask questions, check reactions, don’t dominate the exchange.
Barriers/Limitations of Communication
Physical Physical barriersbarriers
hearing disabilities, noisy surroundings
Psychological Psychological barriersbarriers
tuning out ideas that counter our values
Language Language problemsproblems
unfamiliar or changed words
Nonverbal Nonverbal distractionsdistractions
mannerisms, appearance
Barriers to Communication
5-8
Thought speedThought speed our minds process thoughts faster than speakers say them
Faking Faking attentionattention
pretending to listen
GrandstandingGrandstanding talking all the time or listening only for the next pause
Gender Conversation Differences
Men and women converse for different reasons.
Men tend to talk to emphasize status. Women tend to talk to create
connections and develop relations.
Role/significance of communication
Planning & decision making Implementation of plans Motivation & morale Human relations Training & development Coordination Public relation
Channel of communication
Route through which information flow Formal – institutionally determined and
related with the status of sender and receiver. Deliberately created to regulate flow of
information in orderly manner. 1. Downward communication2. Upward communication3. Horizontal communication4. Diagonal communication
Channel of communication
Informal communication (grapevine)1. Informal & inter personal2. Information passes to all direction3. Flexible & faster4. Nobody can be held responsible for it5. Gossips & rumours
Communication media
Oral Written1. Clarity of thought2. Simplicity3. Brevity (brief)4. Completeness5. Correctness6. Empathy (projection on receiver’s position)7. Pretesting Nonverbal(Gestural)
Communication network
Circle network – Greater satisfaction, noisy, slow, unorganized
Chain network – order from one superior, inflexible
Wheel network – all communication passes through center person, fast but autocratic
All channel network – free flow of information, highest satisfaction but unstructured
Barrier to communication
Organizational Status Semantic Inattention Perceptual Information overload Premature evaluation Channel distortion
Effective communication
Clarity Completeness Brevity Timeliness Compassion Integrity Compassion Feedback Attention Strategic use of grapevine
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