anju mol

WELCOME

N S S TRAINING COLLEGE PANDHALAM

Submitted by

Anju Mol T. G

Social science

TRADITIONAL METHODS OF

AGRICULTURE IN KUTTANADU

INTRODUCTION

• Kuttanadu is region that generally differs from other regions of

Kerala.

• Kuttanadu spreads over the land of the backwaters.

• More or less half of the area in Kuttanad is lying below sea

level.

• The rivers Pamba, Meenachil, Manimala, Movatupuzha and

Achankovil flow through this region.

• Agriculture is one of the most important activity of the people

of Kuttanad.

TRADITIONAL METHODS

Rice is the major crop that cultivated in Kannur.

The cultivation was taking place once in two or three years.

Cultivating seeds of Paddy like Chambavu and Karutha Chara

Elevated bunds were made to strengthen the boarders of the field subjected to water logging.

Water in the paddy field- Water Wheel were used for draining.

Sprouted seeds were shown in this prepared paddy fields.

WATER WHEEL

Chakram (wheel), a traditional irrigation method, mainly used in Kauttanaduregion.

A simple device usually made of teak, has seven or more planks fixed on a circular framework.

Rotating larger Chakrams(Wheel) require two or more people.

METHODS FOR ELIMINATING PETS

Pets were eliminated using different methods

Worm basket:- The water filled the paddy field when

the water level comes to tip of the paddy leaves, all the pests

used to come and gather at the tip of the leaves, then they

would be beaten with a broomstick and gathered in a basket.

•Life of the people developed through the continuous efforts

they made to make the land cultivable.With Co-operation and solidarity of the people in the

construction of bund and in draining of land they could make

the land rich in agriculture.

The black soil of Kuttanadu is suitable for the cultivation.

SOCIAL STRUCTURE

Janmi-Kudiayan system was followed in Kuttanad.

The lives of agriculture laboureres were just likes slaves.

The system was based on the caste system.

All the Janmi’s hand bonded labourere(Adiyalar) and were

called ‘Onappanikkar’.

Velakkadam- The agricultureal laboureres used to receive

paddy and money in advance from the Janmi.