2.7 more parabolas a& hyperbolas (optional) x

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Hyperbolas and More Parabolas (optional)

Hyperbolas and More Parabolas (optional)

Hyperbolas and More Parabolas (optional)Using similar methods to analyze Ax2 + By2 + Cx + Dy = E

we obtain the graphs of hyperbolas and parabolas.

Hyperbolas and More Parabolas (optional)Using similar methods to analyze Ax2 + By2 + Cx + Dy = E

we obtain the graphs of hyperbolas and parabolas.

In the special case B = 0 (or A = 0),

Hyperbolas and More Parabolas (optional)Using similar methods to analyze Ax2 + By2 + Cx + Dy = E

we obtain the graphs of hyperbolas and parabolas.

In the special case B = 0 (or A = 0), after dividing by A (by B),

the equation becomes 1x2 + #x + #y = # or 1y2 + #x + #y = #,

Hyperbolas and More Parabolas (optional)Using similar methods to analyze Ax2 + By2 + Cx + Dy = E

we obtain the graphs of hyperbolas and parabolas.

In the special case B = 0 (or A = 0), after dividing by A (by B),

the equation becomes 1x2 + #x + #y = # or 1y2 + #x + #y = #,

Hyperbolas and More Parabolas (optional)Using similar methods to analyze Ax2 + By2 + Cx + Dy = E

we obtain the graphs of hyperbolas and parabolas.

In the special case B = 0 (or A = 0), after dividing by A (by B),

the equation becomes 1x2 + #x + #y = # or 1y2 + #x + #y = #,

their graphs are parabolas. Assuming both variables x and y

remained in the equation(

(

Hyperbolas and More Parabolas (optional)Using similar methods to analyze Ax2 + By2 + Cx + Dy = E

we obtain the graphs of hyperbolas and parabolas.

In the special case B = 0 (or A = 0), after dividing by A (by B),

the equation becomes 1x2 + #x + #y = # or 1y2 + #x + #y = #,

their graphs are parabolas.

1x2 + #x + #y = # or

1y2 + #x + #y = #Parabolas:

Assuming both variables x and y

remained in the equation(

(

Hyperbolas and More Parabolas (optional)Using similar methods to analyze Ax2 + By2 + Cx + Dy = E

we obtain the graphs of hyperbolas and parabolas.

In the special case B = 0 (or A = 0), after dividing by A (by B),

the equation becomes 1x2 + #x + #y = # or 1y2 + #x + #y = #,

their graphs are parabolas.

1x2 + #x + #y = # or

1y2 + #x + #y = #

If the equation Ax2 + By2 + Cx + Dy = E

has A and B of opposite signs,

Parabolas:

Assuming both variables x and y

remained in the equation(

(

Hyperbolas and More Parabolas (optional)Using similar methods to analyze Ax2 + By2 + Cx + Dy = E

we obtain the graphs of hyperbolas and parabolas.

In the special case B = 0 (or A = 0), after dividing by A (by B),

the equation becomes 1x2 + #x + #y = # or 1y2 + #x + #y = #,

their graphs are parabolas.

1x2 + #x + #y = # or

1y2 + #x + #y = #

If the equation Ax2 + By2 + Cx + Dy = E

has A and B of opposite signs, after dividing by A, we have 1x2

+ ry2 + #x + #y = #, with r < 0.

Parabolas:

Assuming both variables x and y

remained in the equation(

(

Hyperbolas and More Parabolas (optional)Using similar methods to analyze Ax2 + By2 + Cx + Dy = E

we obtain the graphs of hyperbolas and parabolas.

In the special case B = 0 (or A = 0), after dividing by A (by B),

the equation becomes 1x2 + #x + #y = # or 1y2 + #x + #y = #,

their graphs are parabolas.

1x2 + #x + #y = # or

1y2 + #x + #y = #

If the equation Ax2 + By2 + Cx + Dy = E

has A and B of opposite signs, after dividing by A, we have 1x2

+ ry2 + #x + #y = #, with r < 0. These are hyperbolas.

Parabolas:

Assuming both variables x and y

remained in the equation(

(

Hyperbolas and More Parabolas (optional)

1x2 + #x + #y = # or

1y2 + #x + #y = #

(r < 0)

Hyperbolas: 1x2 + ry2 + #x + #y = #

If the equation Ax2 + By2 + Cx + Dy = E

has A and B of opposite signs, after dividing by A, we have 1x2

+ ry2 + #x + #y = #, with r < 0. These are hyperbolas.

Parabolas:

Using similar methods to analyze Ax2 + By2 + Cx + Dy = E

we obtain the graphs of hyperbolas and parabolas.

In the special case B = 0 (or A = 0), after dividing by A (by B),

the equation becomes 1x2 + #x + #y = # or 1y2 + #x + #y = #,

their graphs are parabolas. Assuming both variables x and y

remained in the equation(

(

(in general)

Conic SectionsAfter dividing Ax2 + By2 + Cx + Dy = E by A, we obtain

1x2 + ry2 + #x + #y = #.

Conic SectionsAfter dividing Ax2 + By2 + Cx + Dy = E by A, we obtain

1x2 + ry2 + #x + #y = #. Let’s use the simpler cases 1x2 + ry2 = 1

to study the geometry.

Conic SectionsAfter dividing Ax2 + By2 + Cx + Dy = E by A, we obtain

1x2 + ry2 + #x + #y = #. Let’s use the simpler cases 1x2 + ry2 = 1

to study the geometry. Starting with r = 1, a circle,

circle

r = 1

Conic SectionsAfter dividing Ax2 + By2 + Cx + Dy = E by A, we obtain

1x2 + ry2 + #x + #y = #. Let’s use the simpler cases 1x2 + ry2 = 1

to study the geometry. Starting with r = 1, a circle,

as r becomes smaller = ¼,

circle

r = 1

Conic SectionsAfter dividing Ax2 + By2 + Cx + Dy = E by A, we obtain

1x2 + ry2 + #x + #y = #. Let’s use the simpler cases 1x2 + ry2 = 1

to study the geometry. Starting with r = 1, a circle,

as r becomes smaller = ¼, 1/9, 1/16… ,

circle

r = 1

Conic SectionsAfter dividing Ax2 + By2 + Cx + Dy = E by A, we obtain

1x2 + ry2 + #x + #y = #. Let’s use the simpler cases 1x2 + ry2 = 1

to study the geometry. Starting with r = 1, a circle,

as r becomes smaller = ¼, 1/9, 1/16… ,

circle

r = 1

Conic SectionsAfter dividing Ax2 + By2 + Cx + Dy = E by A, we obtain

1x2 + ry2 + #x + #y = #. Let’s use the simpler cases 1x2 + ry2 = 1

to study the geometry. Starting with r = 1, a circle,

as r becomes smaller = ¼, 1/9, 1/16… ,

1x2 + y2 = 11

16

4

1

circle

r = 1

Conic SectionsAfter dividing Ax2 + By2 + Cx + Dy = E by A, we obtain

1x2 + ry2 + #x + #y = #. Let’s use the simpler cases 1x2 + ry2 = 1

to study the geometry. Starting with r = 1, a circle,

as r becomes smaller = ¼, 1/9, 1/16… ,

the circle is elongated to taller and taller ellipses.

circle ellipses

1x2 + y2 = 11

16

4

1

r = 1

Conic SectionsAfter dividing Ax2 + By2 + Cx + Dy = E by A, we obtain

1x2 + ry2 + #x + #y = #. Let’s use the simpler cases 1x2 + ry2 = 1

to study the geometry. Starting with r = 1, a circle,

as r becomes smaller = ¼, 1/9, 1/16… ,

the circle is elongated to taller and taller ellipses.

When r = 0, we’ve 1x2 + 0y2 = 1,

circle ellipses

. … r → 0

1x2 + y2 = 11

16

r = 1/16

4

1

r = 1

Conic SectionsAfter dividing Ax2 + By2 + Cx + Dy = E by A, we obtain

1x2 + ry2 + #x + #y = #. Let’s use the simpler cases 1x2 + ry2 = 1

to study the geometry. Starting with r = 1, a circle,

as r becomes smaller = ¼, 1/9, 1/16… ,

the circle is elongated to taller and taller ellipses.

When r = 0, we’ve 1x2 + 0y2 = 1, which is a pair of lines x = ±1,

circle ellipses

. … r → 0

1x2 + y2 = 11

16

r = 1/16

4

1

r = 1

Conic SectionsAfter dividing Ax2 + By2 + Cx + Dy = E by A, we obtain

1x2 + ry2 + #x + #y = #. Let’s use the simpler cases 1x2 + ry2 = 1

to study the geometry. Starting with r = 1, a circle,

as r becomes smaller = ¼, 1/9, 1/16… ,

the circle is elongated to taller and taller ellipses.

When r = 0, we’ve 1x2 + 0y2 = 1, which is a pair of lines x = ±1,

circle ellipses

. … r → 0

1x2 + y2 = 11

16

r = 1/16

4

1

1

1x2 = 1or

x = ±1

r = 1 r = 0two lines

Conic SectionsAfter dividing Ax2 + By2 + Cx + Dy = E by A, we obtain

1x2 + ry2 + #x + #y = #. Let’s use the simpler cases 1x2 + ry2 = 1

to study the geometry. Starting with r = 1, a circle,

as r becomes smaller = ¼, 1/9, 1/16… ,

the circle is elongated to taller and taller ellipses.

When r = 0, we’ve 1x2 + 0y2 = 1, which is a pair of lines x = ±1,

i.e. the ellipses are elongated

into two parallel lines.

circle ellipses

. … r → 0

1x2 + y2 = 11

16

r = 1/16

4

1

1

1x2 = 1or

x = ±1

r = 1 r = 0two lines

HyperbolasJust as all the other conic sections, hyperbolas are defined

by distance relations.

Hyperbolas

Given two fixed points, called foci, a hyperbola is the set

of points whose difference of the distances to the foci is

a constant.

Just as all the other conic sections, hyperbolas are defined

by distance relations.

A

If A, B and C are points on a hyperbola as shown

Hyperbolas

Given two fixed points, called foci, a hyperbola is the set

of points whose difference of the distances to the foci is

a constant.

B

C

Just as all the other conic sections, hyperbolas are defined

by distance relations.

A

a2

a1

If A, B and C are points on a hyperbola as shown then

a1 – a2

Hyperbolas

Given two fixed points, called foci, a hyperbola is the set

of points whose difference of the distances to the foci is

a constant.

B

C

Just as all the other conic sections, hyperbolas are defined

by distance relations.

A

a2

a1

b2

b1

If A, B and C are points on a hyperbola as shown then

a1 – a2 = b1 – b2

Hyperbolas

Given two fixed points, called foci, a hyperbola is the set

of points whose difference of the distances to the foci is

a constant.

B

C

Just as all the other conic sections, hyperbolas are defined

by distance relations.

A

a2

a1

b2

b1

If A, B and C are points on a hyperbola as shown then

a1 – a2 = b1 – b2 = c2 – c1 = constant.

c1

c2

Hyperbolas

Given two fixed points, called foci, a hyperbola is the set

of points whose difference of the distances to the foci is

a constant.

B

C

Just as all the other conic sections, hyperbolas are defined

by distance relations.

HyperbolasA hyperbola has a “center”,

HyperbolasA hyperbola has a “center”, and two straight lines that

cradle the hyperbolas which are called asymptotes.

HyperbolasA hyperbola has a “center”, and two straight lines that

cradle the hyperbolas which are called asymptotes.

There are two vertices, one for each branch.

HyperbolasA hyperbola has a “center”, and two straight lines that

cradle the hyperbolas which are called asymptotes.

There are two vertices, one for each branch. The asymptotes

are the diagonals of a rectangle with the vertices of the

hyperbola touching the rectangle.

HyperbolasA hyperbola has a “center”, and two straight lines that

cradle the hyperbolas which are called asymptotes.

There are two vertices, one for each branch. The asymptotes

are the diagonals of a rectangle with the vertices of the

hyperbola touching the rectangle.

HyperbolasThe center-rectangle is defined by the x-radius a, and y-

radius b as shown.

a

b

HyperbolasThe center-rectangle is defined by the x-radius a, and y-

radius b as shown. Hence, to graph a hyperbola, we find

the center and the center-rectangle first.

a

b

HyperbolasThe center-rectangle is defined by the x-radius a, and y-

radius b as shown. Hence, to graph a hyperbola, we find

the center and the center-rectangle first.

a

b

HyperbolasThe center-rectangle is defined by the x-radius a, and y-

radius b as shown. Hence, to graph a hyperbola, we find

the center and the center-rectangle first. Draw the

diagonals of the rectangle which are the asymptotes.

a

b

HyperbolasThe center-rectangle is defined by the x-radius a, and y-

radius b as shown. Hence, to graph a hyperbola, we find

the center and the center-rectangle first. Draw the

diagonals of the rectangle which are the asymptotes. Label

the vertices and trace the hyperbola along the asymptotes.

a

b

Hyperbolas

a

b

The location of the center, the x-radius a, and y-radius b may

be obtained from the equation.

The center-rectangle is defined by the x-radius a, and y-

radius b as shown. Hence, to graph a hyperbola, we find

the center and the center-rectangle first. Draw the

diagonals of the rectangle which are the asymptotes. Label

the vertices and trace the hyperbola along the asymptotes.

HyperbolasThe equations of hyperbolas have the form

Ax2 + By2 + Cx + Dy = E

where A and B are opposite signs.

HyperbolasThe equations of hyperbolas have the form

Ax2 + By2 + Cx + Dy = E

where A and B are opposite signs. By completing the square,

they may be transformed into the standard forms below.

(x – h)2 (y – k)2

a2 b2

HyperbolasThe equations of hyperbolas have the form

Ax2 + By2 + Cx + Dy = E

where A and B are opposite signs. By completing the square,

they may be transformed into the standard forms below.

– = 1 (x – h)2(y – k)2

a2b2 – = 1

(x – h)2 (y – k)2

a2 b2

(h, k) is the center.

HyperbolasThe equations of hyperbolas have the form

Ax2 + By2 + Cx + Dy = E

where A and B are opposite signs. By completing the square,

they may be transformed into the standard forms below.

– = 1 (x – h)2(y – k)2

a2b2 – = 1

(x – h)2 (y – k)2

a2 b2

x-rad = a, y-rad = b

(h, k) is the center.

HyperbolasThe equations of hyperbolas have the form

Ax2 + By2 + Cx + Dy = E

where A and B are opposite signs. By completing the square,

they may be transformed into the standard forms below.

– = 1 (x – h)2(y – k)2

a2b2 – = 1

(x – h)2 (y – k)2

a2 b2

x-rad = a, y-rad = b

(h, k) is the center.

HyperbolasThe equations of hyperbolas have the form

Ax2 + By2 + Cx + Dy = E

where A and B are opposite signs. By completing the square,

they may be transformed into the standard forms below.

– = 1 (x – h)2(y – k)2

a2b2

y-rad = b, x-rad = a

– = 1

(x – h)2 (y – k)2

a2 b2

x-rad = a, y-rad = b

(h, k) is the center.

HyperbolasThe equations of hyperbolas have the form

Ax2 + By2 + Cx + Dy = E

where A and B are opposite signs. By completing the square,

they may be transformed into the standard forms below.

– = 1 (x – h)2(y – k)2

a2b2

y-rad = b, x-rad = a

– = 1

(h, k)

Open in the x direction

(x – h)2 (y – k)2

a2 b2

x-rad = a, y-rad = b

(h, k) is the center.

HyperbolasThe equations of hyperbolas have the form

Ax2 + By2 + Cx + Dy = E

where A and B are opposite signs. By completing the square,

they may be transformed into the standard forms below.

– = 1 (x – h)2(y – k)2

a2b2

y-rad = b, x-rad = a

– = 1

(h, k)

Open in the x direction

(h, k)

Open in the y direction

HyperbolasFollowing are the steps for graphing a hyperbola.

HyperbolasFollowing are the steps for graphing a hyperbola.

1. Put the equation into the standard form.

HyperbolasFollowing are the steps for graphing a hyperbola.

1. Put the equation into the standard form.

2. Read off the center, the x-radius a, the y-radius b, and

draw the center-rectangle.

HyperbolasFollowing are the steps for graphing a hyperbola.

1. Put the equation into the standard form.

2. Read off the center, the x-radius a, the y-radius b, and

draw the center-rectangle.

3. Draw the diagonals of the rectangle, which are the

asymptotes.

HyperbolasFollowing are the steps for graphing a hyperbola.

1. Put the equation into the standard form.

2. Read off the center, the x-radius a, the y-radius b, and

draw the center-rectangle.

3. Draw the diagonals of the rectangle, which are the

asymptotes.

4. Determine the direction of the hyperbolas and label the

vertices of the hyperbola.

HyperbolasFollowing are the steps for graphing a hyperbola.

1. Put the equation into the standard form.

2. Read off the center, the x-radius a, the y-radius b, and

draw the center-rectangle.

3. Draw the diagonals of the rectangle, which are the

asymptotes.

4. Determine the direction of the hyperbolas and label the

vertices of the hyperbola. The vertices are the mid-points

of the edges of the center-rectangle.

HyperbolasFollowing are the steps for graphing a hyperbola.

1. Put the equation into the standard form.

2. Read off the center, the x-radius a, the y-radius b, and

draw the center-rectangle.

3. Draw the diagonals of the rectangle, which are the

asymptotes.

4. Determine the direction of the hyperbolas and label the

vertices of the hyperbola. The vertices are the mid-points

of the edges of the center-rectangle.

5. Trace the hyperbola along the asymptotes.

HyperbolasExample A. List the center, the x-radius, the y-radius.

Draw the rectangle, the asymptotes, and label the vertices.

Trace the hyperbola.

(x – 3)2 (y + 1)2

42 22– = 1

Center: (3, -1)

HyperbolasExample A. List the center, the x-radius, the y-radius.

Draw the rectangle, the asymptotes, and label the vertices.

Trace the hyperbola.

(x – 3)2 (y + 1)2

42 22– = 1

Center: (3, -1)

x-rad = 4

y-rad = 2

HyperbolasExample A. List the center, the x-radius, the y-radius.

Draw the rectangle, the asymptotes, and label the vertices.

Trace the hyperbola.

(x – 3)2 (y + 1)2

42 22– = 1

Center: (3, -1)

x-rad = 4

y-rad = 2

Hyperbolas

(3, -1)

42

Example A. List the center, the x-radius, the y-radius.

Draw the rectangle, the asymptotes, and label the vertices.

Trace the hyperbola.

(x – 3)2 (y + 1)2

42 22– = 1

Center: (3, -1)

x-rad = 4

y-rad = 2

Hyperbolas

(3, -1)

42

Example A. List the center, the x-radius, the y-radius.

Draw the rectangle, the asymptotes, and label the vertices.

Trace the hyperbola.

(x – 3)2 (y + 1)2

42 22– = 1

Center: (3, -1)

x-rad = 4

y-rad = 2

The hyperbola opens

left-rt

HyperbolasExample A. List the center, the x-radius, the y-radius.

Draw the rectangle, the asymptotes, and label the vertices.

Trace the hyperbola.

(x – 3)2 (y + 1)2

42 22– = 1

(3, -1)

42

Center: (3, -1)

x-rad = 4

y-rad = 2

The hyperbola opens

left-rt and the vertices

are (7, -1), (-1, -1) .

HyperbolasExample A. List the center, the x-radius, the y-radius.

Draw the rectangle, the asymptotes, and label the vertices.

Trace the hyperbola.

(x – 3)2 (y + 1)2

42 22– = 1

(3, -1)

42

Center: (3, -1)

x-rad = 4

y-rad = 2

The hyperbola opens

left-rt and the vertices

are (7, -1), (-1, -1) .

Hyperbolas

(3, -1)(7, -1)(-1, -1) 4

2

Example A. List the center, the x-radius, the y-radius.

Draw the rectangle, the asymptotes, and label the vertices.

Trace the hyperbola.

(x – 3)2 (y + 1)2

42 22– = 1

Center: (3, -1)

x-rad = 4

y-rad = 2

The hyperbola opens

left-rt and the vertices

are (7, -1), (-1, -1) .

Hyperbolas

(3, -1)(7, -1)(-1, -1) 4

2

Example A. List the center, the x-radius, the y-radius.

Draw the rectangle, the asymptotes, and label the vertices.

Trace the hyperbola.

(x – 3)2 (y + 1)2

42 22– = 1

Center: (3, -1)

x-rad = 4

y-rad = 2

The hyperbola opens

left-rt and the vertices

are (7, -1), (-1, -1) .

Hyperbolas

(3, -1)(7, -1)(-1, -1) 4

2

Example A. List the center, the x-radius, the y-radius.

Draw the rectangle, the asymptotes, and label the vertices.

Trace the hyperbola.

(x – 3)2 (y + 1)2

42 22– = 1

When we use completing the square to get to the standard

form of the hyperbolas, depending on the signs,

we add a number or subtract a number from both sides.

Example B. Put 4y2 – 9x2 – 18x – 16y = 29 into the standard

form. List the center, the x-radius, the y-radius.

Draw the rectangle, the asymptotes, and label the vertices.

Trace the hyperbola.

Hyperbolas

Example B. Put 4y2 – 9x2 – 18x – 16y = 29 into the standard

form. List the center, the x-radius, the y-radius.

Draw the rectangle, the asymptotes, and label the vertices.

Trace the hyperbola.

Group the x’s and the y’s:

Hyperbolas

Example B. Put 4y2 – 9x2 – 18x – 16y = 29 into the standard

form. List the center, the x-radius, the y-radius.

Draw the rectangle, the asymptotes, and label the vertices.

Trace the hyperbola.

Group the x’s and the y’s:

4y2 – 16y – 9x2 – 18x = 29

Hyperbolas

Example B. Put 4y2 – 9x2 – 18x – 16y = 29 into the standard

form. List the center, the x-radius, the y-radius.

Draw the rectangle, the asymptotes, and label the vertices.

Trace the hyperbola.

Group the x’s and the y’s:

4y2 – 16y – 9x2 – 18x = 29 factor out the square-coefficients

Hyperbolas

Example B. Put 4y2 – 9x2 – 18x – 16y = 29 into the standard

form. List the center, the x-radius, the y-radius.

Draw the rectangle, the asymptotes, and label the vertices.

Trace the hyperbola.

Group the x’s and the y’s:

4y2 – 16y – 9x2 – 18x = 29 factor out the square-coefficients

4(y2 – 4y ) – 9(x2 + 2x ) = 29

Hyperbolas

Example B. Put 4y2 – 9x2 – 18x – 16y = 29 into the standard

form. List the center, the x-radius, the y-radius.

Draw the rectangle, the asymptotes, and label the vertices.

Trace the hyperbola.

Group the x’s and the y’s:

4y2 – 16y – 9x2 – 18x = 29 factor out the square-coefficients

4(y2 – 4y ) – 9(x2 + 2x ) = 29 complete the square

Hyperbolas

Example B. Put 4y2 – 9x2 – 18x – 16y = 29 into the standard

form. List the center, the x-radius, the y-radius.

Draw the rectangle, the asymptotes, and label the vertices.

Trace the hyperbola.

Group the x’s and the y’s:

4y2 – 16y – 9x2 – 18x = 29 factor out the square-coefficients

4(y2 – 4y ) – 9(x2 + 2x ) = 29 complete the square

4(y2 – 4y + 4 ) – 9(x2 + 2x ) = 29

Hyperbolas

Example B. Put 4y2 – 9x2 – 18x – 16y = 29 into the standard

form. List the center, the x-radius, the y-radius.

Draw the rectangle, the asymptotes, and label the vertices.

Trace the hyperbola.

Group the x’s and the y’s:

4y2 – 16y – 9x2 – 18x = 29 factor out the square-coefficients

4(y2 – 4y ) – 9(x2 + 2x ) = 29 complete the square

4(y2 – 4y + 4 ) – 9(x2 + 2x + 1 ) = 29

Hyperbolas

Example B. Put 4y2 – 9x2 – 18x – 16y = 29 into the standard

form. List the center, the x-radius, the y-radius.

Draw the rectangle, the asymptotes, and label the vertices.

Trace the hyperbola.

Group the x’s and the y’s:

4y2 – 16y – 9x2 – 18x = 29 factor out the square-coefficients

4(y2 – 4y ) – 9(x2 + 2x ) = 29 complete the square

4(y2 – 4y + 4 ) – 9(x2 + 2x + 1 ) = 29 + 16

16

Hyperbolas

Example B. Put 4y2 – 9x2 – 18x – 16y = 29 into the standard

form. List the center, the x-radius, the y-radius.

Draw the rectangle, the asymptotes, and label the vertices.

Trace the hyperbola.

Group the x’s and the y’s:

4y2 – 16y – 9x2 – 18x = 29 factor out the square-coefficients

4(y2 – 4y ) – 9(x2 + 2x ) = 29 complete the square

4(y2 – 4y + 4 ) – 9(x2 + 2x + 1 ) = 29 + 16 – 9

16 –9

Hyperbolas

4(y – 2)2 – 9(x + 1)2 = 36

Example B. Put 4y2 – 9x2 – 18x – 16y = 29 into the standard

form. List the center, the x-radius, the y-radius.

Draw the rectangle, the asymptotes, and label the vertices.

Trace the hyperbola.

Group the x’s and the y’s:

4y2 – 16y – 9x2 – 18x = 29 factor out the square-coefficients

4(y2 – 4y ) – 9(x2 + 2x ) = 29 complete the square

4(y2 – 4y + 4 ) – 9(x2 + 2x + 1 ) = 29 + 16 – 9

16 –9

Hyperbolas

4(y – 2)2 – 9(x + 1)2 = 36 divide by 36 to get 1

Example B. Put 4y2 – 9x2 – 18x – 16y = 29 into the standard

form. List the center, the x-radius, the y-radius.

Draw the rectangle, the asymptotes, and label the vertices.

Trace the hyperbola.

Group the x’s and the y’s:

4y2 – 16y – 9x2 – 18x = 29 factor out the square-coefficients

4(y2 – 4y ) – 9(x2 + 2x ) = 29 complete the square

4(y2 – 4y + 4 ) – 9(x2 + 2x + 1 ) = 29 + 16 – 9

16 –9

Hyperbolas

9(x + 1)24(y – 2)2

36 36

4(y – 2)2 – 9(x + 1)2 = 36 divide by 36 to get 1

– = 1

Example B. Put 4y2 – 9x2 – 18x – 16y = 29 into the standard

form. List the center, the x-radius, the y-radius.

Draw the rectangle, the asymptotes, and label the vertices.

Trace the hyperbola.

Group the x’s and the y’s:

4y2 – 16y – 9x2 – 18x = 29 factor out the square-coefficients

4(y2 – 4y ) – 9(x2 + 2x ) = 29 complete the square

4(y2 – 4y + 4 ) – 9(x2 + 2x + 1 ) = 29 + 16 – 9

16 –9

Hyperbolas

9(x + 1)24(y – 2)2

36 36

4(y – 2)2 – 9(x + 1)2 = 36 divide by 36 to get 1

– = 1

Example B. Put 4y2 – 9x2 – 18x – 16y = 29 into the standard

form. List the center, the x-radius, the y-radius.

Draw the rectangle, the asymptotes, and label the vertices.

Trace the hyperbola.

Group the x’s and the y’s:

4y2 – 16y – 9x2 – 18x = 29 factor out the square-coefficients

4(y2 – 4y ) – 9(x2 + 2x ) = 29 complete the square

4(y2 – 4y + 4 ) – 9(x2 + 2x + 1 ) = 29 + 16 – 9

16 –9

Hyperbolas

9

9(x + 1)24(y – 2)2

36 36

4(y – 2)2 – 9(x + 1)2 = 36 divide by 36 to get 1

– = 1

Example B. Put 4y2 – 9x2 – 18x – 16y = 29 into the standard

form. List the center, the x-radius, the y-radius.

Draw the rectangle, the asymptotes, and label the vertices.

Trace the hyperbola.

Group the x’s and the y’s:

4y2 – 16y – 9x2 – 18x = 29 factor out the square-coefficients

4(y2 – 4y ) – 9(x2 + 2x ) = 29 complete the square

4(y2 – 4y + 4 ) – 9(x2 + 2x + 1 ) = 29 + 16 – 9

16 –9

Hyperbolas

9 4

9(x + 1)24(y – 2)2

36 36

4(y – 2)2 – 9(x + 1)2 = 36 divide by 36 to get 1

– = 1

Example B. Put 4y2 – 9x2 – 18x – 16y = 29 into the standard

form. List the center, the x-radius, the y-radius.

Draw the rectangle, the asymptotes, and label the vertices.

Trace the hyperbola.

Group the x’s and the y’s:

4y2 – 16y – 9x2 – 18x = 29 factor out the square-coefficients

4(y2 – 4y ) – 9(x2 + 2x ) = 29 complete the square

4(y2 – 4y + 4 ) – 9(x2 + 2x + 1 ) = 29 + 16 – 9

16 –9

Hyperbolas

(y – 2)2 (x + 1)2

32 22– = 1

9 4

9(x + 1)24(y – 2)2

36 36

4(y – 2)2 – 9(x + 1)2 = 36 divide by 36 to get 1

– = 1

Example B. Put 4y2 – 9x2 – 18x – 16y = 29 into the standard

form. List the center, the x-radius, the y-radius.

Draw the rectangle, the asymptotes, and label the vertices.

Trace the hyperbola.

Group the x’s and the y’s:

4y2 – 16y – 9x2 – 18x = 29 factor out the square-coefficients

4(y2 – 4y ) – 9(x2 + 2x ) = 29 complete the square

4(y2 – 4y + 4 ) – 9(x2 + 2x + 1 ) = 29 + 16 – 9

16 –9

Hyperbolas

(y – 2)2 (x + 1)2

32 22– = 1

Center: (-1, 2), x-rad = 2, y-rad = 3

The hyperbola opens up and down.

9 4

(-1, 2)

Hyperbolas

Center: (-1, 2),

x-rad = 2,

y-rad = 3

(-1, 2)

(-1, 5)

(-1, -1)

Hyperbolas

Center: (-1, 2),

x-rad = 2,

y-rad = 3

The hyperbola opens up and down.

The vertices are (-1, -1) and (-1, 5).

(-1, 2)

(-1, 5)

(-1, -1)

Hyperbolas

Center: (-1, 2),

x-rad = 2,

y-rad = 3

The hyperbola opens up and down.

The vertices are (-1, -1) and (-1, 5).

Hyperbolas

More Graphs of Parabolas

The graphs of the equations of the form

y = ax2 + bx + c and x = ay2 + bx + c

are parabolas.

More Graphs of Parabolas

Each parabola has a vertex and the center line that contains

the vertex.

The graphs of the equations of the form

y = ax2 + bx + c and x = ay2 + bx + c

are parabolas.

More Graphs of Parabolas

Each parabola has a vertex and the center line that contains

the vertex.

The graphs of the equations of the form

y = ax2 + bx + c and x = ay2 + bx + c

are parabolas.

More Graphs of Parabolas

Each parabola has a vertex and the center line that contains

the vertex. Suppose we know another point on the parabola,

The graphs of the equations of the form

y = ax2 + bx + c and x = ay2 + bx + c

are parabolas.

More Graphs of Parabolas

Each parabola has a vertex and the center line that contains

the vertex. Suppose we know another point on the parabola,

The graphs of the equations of the form

y = ax2 + bx + c and x = ay2 + bx + c

are parabolas.

More Graphs of Parabolas

Each parabola has a vertex and the center line that contains

the vertex. Suppose we know another point on the parabola,

then the reflection of the point across the center line is also

on the parabola.

The graphs of the equations of the form

y = ax2 + bx + c and x = ay2 + bx + c

are parabolas.

More Graphs of Parabolas

Each parabola has a vertex and the center line that contains

the vertex. Suppose we know another point on the parabola,

then the reflection of the point across the center line is also

on the parabola.

The graphs of the equations of the form

y = ax2 + bx + c and x = ay2 + bx + c

are parabolas.

More Graphs of Parabolas

Each parabola has a vertex and the center line that contains

the vertex. Suppose we know another point on the parabola,

then the reflection of the point across the center line is also

on the parabola. There is exactly one parabola that goes

through these three points.

The graphs of the equations of the form

y = ax2 + bx + c and x = ay2 + bx + c

are parabolas.

More Graphs of Parabolas

Each parabola has a vertex and the center line that contains

the vertex. Suppose we know another point on the parabola,

then the reflection of the point across the center line is also

on the parabola. There is exactly one parabola that goes

through these three points.

The graphs of the equations of the form

y = ax2 + bx + c and x = ay2 + bx + c

are parabolas.

More Graphs of Parabolas

When graphing parabolas, we must also give the x-intercepts

and the y-intercept.

More Graphs of Parabolas

When graphing parabolas, we must also give the x-intercepts

and the y-intercept.

The y-intercept is obtained by setting x = 0 and solve for y.

More Graphs of Parabolas

When graphing parabolas, we must also give the x-intercepts

and the y-intercept.

The y-intercept is obtained by setting x = 0 and solve for y.

The x-intercept is obtained by setting y = 0 and solve for x.

More Graphs of Parabolas

When graphing parabolas, we must also give the x-intercepts

and the y-intercept.

The y-intercept is obtained by setting x = 0 and solve for y.

The x-intercept is obtained by setting y = 0 and solve for x.

More Graphs of Parabolas

The graphs of y = ax2 + bx = c are up-down parabolas.

When graphing parabolas, we must also give the x-intercepts

and the y-intercept.

The y-intercept is obtained by setting x = 0 and solve for y.

The x-intercept is obtained by setting y = 0 and solve for x.

More Graphs of Parabolas

The graphs of y = ax2 + bx = c are up-down parabolas.

If a > 0, the parabola opens up.

a > 0

When graphing parabolas, we must also give the x-intercepts

and the y-intercept.

The y-intercept is obtained by setting x = 0 and solve for y.

The x-intercept is obtained by setting y = 0 and solve for x.

More Graphs of Parabolas

The graphs of y = ax2 + bx = c are up-down parabolas.

If a > 0, the parabola opens up.

If a < 0, the parabola opens down.

a > 0 a < 0

When graphing parabolas, we must also give the x-intercepts

and the y-intercept.

The y-intercept is obtained by setting x = 0 and solve for y.

The x-intercept is obtained by setting y = 0 and solve for x.

More Graphs of Parabolas

The graphs of y = ax2 + bx = c are up-down parabolas.

If a > 0, the parabola opens up.

If a < 0, the parabola opens down.

a > 0 a < 0

Vertex Formula (up-down parabolas) The x-coordinate of

the vertex of the parabola y = ax2 + bx + c is at x = .-b2a

More Graphs of ParabolasFollowing are the steps to graph the parabola y = ax2 + bx + c.

More Graphs of ParabolasFollowing are the steps to graph the parabola y = ax2 + bx + c.

1. Set x = in the equation to find the vertex.-b2a

More Graphs of ParabolasFollowing are the steps to graph the parabola y = ax2 + bx + c.

1. Set x = in the equation to find the vertex.

2. Find another point, use the y-intercept (0, c) if possible.

-b2a

More Graphs of ParabolasFollowing are the steps to graph the parabola y = ax2 + bx + c.

1. Set x = in the equation to find the vertex.

2. Find another point, use the y-intercept (0, c) if possible.

3. Locate its reflection across the center line, these three

points form the tip of the parabola. Trace the parabola.

-b2a

More Graphs of ParabolasFollowing are the steps to graph the parabola y = ax2 + bx + c.

1. Set x = in the equation to find the vertex.

2. Find another point, use the y-intercept (0, c) if possible.

3. Locate its reflection across the center line, these three

points form the tip of the parabola. Trace the parabola.

4. Set y = 0 and solve to find the x intercept.

-b2a

Example A. Graph y = –x2 + 2x + 15

More Graphs of ParabolasFollowing are the steps to graph the parabola y = ax2 + bx + c.

1. Set x = in the equation to find the vertex.

2. Find another point, use the y-intercept (0, c) if possible.

3. Locate its reflection across the center line, these three

points form the tip of the parabola. Trace the parabola.

4. Set y = 0 and solve to find the x intercept.

-b2a

The vertex is at x = = 1

Example A. Graph y = –x2 + 2x + 15 –(2)

2(–1)

More Graphs of ParabolasFollowing are the steps to graph the parabola y = ax2 + bx + c.

1. Set x = in the equation to find the vertex.

2. Find another point, use the y-intercept (0, c) if possible.

3. Locate its reflection across the center line, these three

points form the tip of the parabola. Trace the parabola.

4. Set y = 0 and solve to find the x intercept.

-b2a

The vertex is at x = = 1y = 16.

Example A. Graph y = –x2 + 2x + 15 –(2)

2(–1)

More Graphs of ParabolasFollowing are the steps to graph the parabola y = ax2 + bx + c.

1. Set x = in the equation to find the vertex.

2. Find another point, use the y-intercept (0, c) if possible.

3. Locate its reflection across the center line, these three

points form the tip of the parabola. Trace the parabola.

4. Set y = 0 and solve to find the x intercept.

-b2a

The vertex is at x = = 1y = 16.

Example A. Graph y = –x2 + 2x + 15 (1, 16)–(2)

2(–1)

More Graphs of ParabolasFollowing are the steps to graph the parabola y = ax2 + bx + c.

1. Set x = in the equation to find the vertex.

2. Find another point, use the y-intercept (0, c) if possible.

3. Locate its reflection across the center line, these three

points form the tip of the parabola. Trace the parabola.

4. Set y = 0 and solve to find the x intercept.

-b2a

The vertex is at x = = 1y = 16.

The y-intercept is at (0, 15)

Example A. Graph y = –x2 + 2x + 15 –(2)

2(–1)

More Graphs of ParabolasFollowing are the steps to graph the parabola y = ax2 + bx + c.

1. Set x = in the equation to find the vertex.

2. Find another point, use the y-intercept (0, c) if possible.

3. Locate its reflection across the center line, these three

points form the tip of the parabola. Trace the parabola.

4. Set y = 0 and solve to find the x intercept.

-b2a

(1, 16)

The vertex is at x = = 1y = 16.

The y-intercept is at (0, 15)

Example A. Graph y = –x2 + 2x + 15 –(2)

2(–1)

More Graphs of ParabolasFollowing are the steps to graph the parabola y = ax2 + bx + c.

1. Set x = in the equation to find the vertex.

2. Find another point, use the y-intercept (0, c) if possible.

3. Locate its reflection across the center line, these three

points form the tip of the parabola. Trace the parabola.

4. Set y = 0 and solve to find the x intercept.

-b2a

(1, 16)

(0, 15)

The vertex is at x = = 1y = 16.

The y-intercept is at (0, 15)

Plot its reflection (2, 15).

Example A. Graph y = –x2 + 2x + 15 –(2)

2(–1)

More Graphs of ParabolasFollowing are the steps to graph the parabola y = ax2 + bx + c.

1. Set x = in the equation to find the vertex.

2. Find another point, use the y-intercept (0, c) if possible.

3. Locate its reflection across the center line, these three

points form the tip of the parabola. Trace the parabola.

4. Set y = 0 and solve to find the x intercept.

-b2a

(1, 16)

(0, 15)

The vertex is at x = = 1y = 16.

The y-intercept is at (0, 15)

Plot its reflection (2, 15).

Example A. Graph y = –x2 + 2x + 15 –(2)

2(–1)

More Graphs of ParabolasFollowing are the steps to graph the parabola y = ax2 + bx + c.

1. Set x = in the equation to find the vertex.

2. Find another point, use the y-intercept (0, c) if possible.

3. Locate its reflection across the center line, these three

points form the tip of the parabola. Trace the parabola.

4. Set y = 0 and solve to find the x intercept.

-b2a

(1, 16)

(0, 15) (2, 15)

The vertex is at x = = 1y = 16.

The y-intercept is at (0, 15)

Plot its reflection (2, 15)

Draw,

Example A. Graph y = –x2 + 2x + 15 (1, 16)

(0, 15) (2, 15)–(2)

2(–1)

More Graphs of ParabolasFollowing are the steps to graph the parabola y = ax2 + bx + c.

1. Set x = in the equation to find the vertex.

2. Find another point, use the y-intercept (0, c) if possible.

3. Locate its reflection across the center line, these three

points form the tip of the parabola. Trace the parabola.

4. Set y = 0 and solve to find the x intercept.

-b2a

The vertex is at x = = 1y = 16.

The y-intercept is at (0, 15)

Plot its reflection (2, 15)

Draw, set y = 0 to get x-int:

Example A. Graph y = –x2 + 2x + 15 (1, 16)

(0, 15) (2, 15)–(2)

2(–1)

More Graphs of ParabolasFollowing are the steps to graph the parabola y = ax2 + bx + c.

1. Set x = in the equation to find the vertex.

2. Find another point, use the y-intercept (0, c) if possible.

3. Locate its reflection across the center line, these three

points form the tip of the parabola. Trace the parabola.

4. Set y = 0 and solve to find the x intercept.

-b2a

The vertex is at x = = 1y = 16.

The y-intercept is at (0, 15)

Plot its reflection (2, 15)

Draw, set y = 0 to get x-int:

–x2 + 2x + 15 = 0

Example A. Graph y = –x2 + 2x + 15 (1, 16)

(0, 15) (2, 15)–(2)

2(–1)

More Graphs of ParabolasFollowing are the steps to graph the parabola y = ax2 + bx + c.

1. Set x = in the equation to find the vertex.

2. Find another point, use the y-intercept (0, c) if possible.

3. Locate its reflection across the center line, these three

points form the tip of the parabola. Trace the parabola.

4. Set y = 0 and solve to find the x intercept.

-b2a

The vertex is at x = = 1y = 16.

The y-intercept is at (0, 15)

Plot its reflection (2, 15)

Draw, set y = 0 to get x-int:

–x2 + 2x + 15 = 0

x2 – 2x – 15 = 0

Example A. Graph y = –x2 + 2x + 15 (1, 16)

(0, 15) (2, 15)–(2)

2(–1)

More Graphs of ParabolasFollowing are the steps to graph the parabola y = ax2 + bx + c.

1. Set x = in the equation to find the vertex.

2. Find another point, use the y-intercept (0, c) if possible.

3. Locate its reflection across the center line, these three

points form the tip of the parabola. Trace the parabola.

4. Set y = 0 and solve to find the x intercept.

-b2a

The vertex is at x = = 1y = 16.

The y-intercept is at (0, 15)

Plot its reflection (2, 15)

Draw, set y = 0 to get x-int:

–x2 + 2x + 15 = 0

x2 – 2x – 15 = 0

(x + 3)(x – 5) = 0

x = –3, x = 5

Example A. Graph y = –x2 + 2x + 15 (1, 16)

(0, 15) (2, 15)–(2)

2(–1)

More Graphs of ParabolasFollowing are the steps to graph the parabola y = ax2 + bx + c.

1. Set x = in the equation to find the vertex.

2. Find another point, use the y-intercept (0, c) if possible.

3. Locate its reflection across the center line, these three

points form the tip of the parabola. Trace the parabola.

4. Set y = 0 and solve to find the x intercept.

-b2a

The vertex is at x = = 1y = 16.

The y-intercept is at (0, 15)

Plot its reflection (2, 15)

Draw, set y = 0 to get x-int:

–x2 + 2x + 15 = 0

x2 – 2x – 15 = 0

(x + 3)(x – 5) = 0

x = –3, x = 5

Example A. Graph y = –x2 + 2x + 15 (1, 16)

(0, 15) (2, 15)

(-3, 0) (5, 0)

–(2)

2(–1)

More Graphs of ParabolasFollowing are the steps to graph the parabola y = ax2 + bx + c.

1. Set x = in the equation to find the vertex.

2. Find another point, use the y-intercept (0, c) if possible.

3. Locate its reflection across the center line, these three

points form the tip of the parabola. Trace the parabola.

4. Set y = 0 and solve to find the x intercept.

-b2a

The graphs of the equations

x = ay2 + by + c

are parabolas that open sideways.

More Graphs of Parabolas

The graphs of the equations

x = ay2 + by + c

are parabolas that open sideways.

More Graphs of Parabolas

If a>0, the parabola opensto the right.

The graphs of the equations

x = ay2 + by + c

are parabolas that open sideways.

More Graphs of Parabolas

If a>0, the parabola opensto the right.

If a<0, the parabola opensto the left.

The graphs of the equations

x = ay2 + by + c

are parabolas that open sideways.

Each sideways parabola is symmetric to a horizontal center

line.

More Graphs of Parabolas

If a>0, the parabola opensto the right.

If a<0, the parabola opensto the left.

The graphs of the equations

x = ay2 + by + c

are parabolas that open sideways.

Each sideways parabola is symmetric to a horizontal center

line. The vertex of the parabola is on this line.

More Graphs of Parabolas

If a>0, the parabola opensto the right.

If a<0, the parabola opensto the left.

The graphs of the equations

x = ay2 + by + c

are parabolas that open sideways.

Each sideways parabola is symmetric to a horizontal center

line. The vertex of the parabola is on this line. If we know the

location of the vertex and another point on the parabola, the

parabola is completely determined.

More Graphs of Parabolas

If a>0, the parabola opensto the right.

If a<0, the parabola opensto the left.

The graphs of the equations

x = ay2 + by + c

are parabolas that open sideways.

Each sideways parabola is symmetric to a horizontal center

line. The vertex of the parabola is on this line. If we know the

location of the vertex and another point on the parabola, the

parabola is completely determined. The vertex formula is the

same as before except it's for the y coordinate.

More Graphs of Parabolas

If a>0, the parabola opensto the right.

If a<0, the parabola opensto the left.

More Graphs of ParabolasVertex Formula (sideways parabolas)

The y coordinate of the vertex of the parabola x = ay2 + by + c

is at y = .–b2a

Following are steps to graph the parabola x = ay2 + by + c.

More Graphs of ParabolasVertex Formula (sideways parabolas)

The y coordinate of the vertex of the parabola x = ay2 + by + c

is at y = .–b2a

Following are steps to graph the parabola x = ay2 + by + c.

1. Set y = in the equation to find the x coordinate of the

vertex.

–b2a

More Graphs of ParabolasVertex Formula (sideways parabolas)

The y coordinate of the vertex of the parabola x = ay2 + by + c

is at y = .–b2a

Following are steps to graph the parabola x = ay2 + by + c.

1. Set y = in the equation to find the x coordinate of the

vertex.

2. Find another point; use the x intercept (c, 0) if it's not the

vertex.

–b2a

More Graphs of ParabolasVertex Formula (sideways parabolas)

The y coordinate of the vertex of the parabola x = ay2 + by + c

is at y = .–b2a

Following are steps to graph the parabola x = ay2 + by + c.

1. Set y = in the equation to find the x coordinate of the

vertex.

2. Find another point; use the x intercept (c, 0) if it's not the

vertex.

3. Locate the reflection of the point across the horizontal

center line, these three points form the tip of the parabola.

Trace the parabola.

–b2a

More Graphs of ParabolasVertex Formula (sideways parabolas)

The y coordinate of the vertex of the parabola x = ay2 + by + c

is at y = .–b2a

Following are steps to graph the parabola x = ay2 + by + c.

1. Set y = in the equation to find the x coordinate of the

vertex.

2. Find another point; use the x intercept (c, 0) if it's not the

vertex.

3. Locate the reflection of the point across the horizontal

center line, these three points form the tip of the parabola.

Trace the parabola.

4. Set x = 0 to find the y intercept.

–b2a

More Graphs of ParabolasVertex Formula (sideways parabolas)

The y coordinate of the vertex of the parabola x = ay2 + by + c

is at y = .–b2a

Example B. Graph x = –y2 + 2y + 15

More Graphs of Parabolas

Example B. Graph x = –y2 + 2y + 15

Vertex: set y = =1 –(2)2(–1)

More Graphs of Parabolas

Example B. Graph x = –y2 + 2y + 15

Vertex: set y = =1 then x = –(1)2 + 2(1) + 15 = 16 –(2)2(–1)

More Graphs of Parabolas

Example B. Graph x = –y2 + 2y + 15

Vertex: set y = =1 then x = –(1)2 + 2(1) + 15 = 16 –(2)2(–1)

so v = (16, 1).

More Graphs of Parabolas

Example B. Graph x = –y2 + 2y + 15

Vertex: set y = =1 then x = –(1)2 + 2(1) + 15 = 16 –(2)2(–1)

so v = (16, 1).

Another point:

Set y = 0 then x = 15

or (15, 0).

More Graphs of Parabolas

Example B. Graph x = –y2 + 2y + 15

Vertex: set y = =1 then x = –(1)2 + 2(1) + 15 = 16 –(2)2(–1)

so v = (16, 1).

Another point:

Set y = 0 then x = 15

or (15, 0).

More Graphs of Parabolas

(16, 1)

Example B. Graph x = –y2 + 2y + 15

Vertex: set y = =1 then x = –(1)2 + 2(1) + 15 = 16 –(2)2(–1)

so v = (16, 1).

Another point:

Set y = 0 then x = 15

or (15, 0).

(15, 0)

More Graphs of Parabolas

(16, 1)

Example B. Graph x = –y2 + 2y + 15

Vertex: set y = =1 then x = –(1)2 + 2(1) + 15 = 16 –(2)2(–1)

so v = (16, 1).

Another point:

Set y = 0 then x = 15

or (15, 0).

Plot its reflection.

(15, 0)

More Graphs of Parabolas

(16, 1)

Example B. Graph x = –y2 + 2y + 15

Vertex: set y = =1 then x = –(1)2 + 2(1) + 15 = 16 –(2)2(–1)

so v = (16, 1).

Another point:

Set y = 0 then x = 15

or (15, 0).

Plot its reflection.

It's (15, 2).

(15, 0)

More Graphs of Parabolas

(16, 1)

(15, 2)

Example B. Graph x = –y2 + 2y + 15

Vertex: set y = =1 then x = –(1)2 + 2(1) + 15 = 16 –(2)2(–1)

so v = (16, 1).

Another point:

Set y = 0 then x = 15

or (15, 0).

Plot its reflection.

It's (15, 2).

Draw. (15, 0)

More Graphs of Parabolas

(16, 1)

(15, 2)

Example B. Graph x = –y2 + 2y + 15

Vertex: set y = =1 then x = –(1)2 + 2(1) + 15 = 16 –(2)2(–1)

so v = (16, 1).

Another point:

Set y = 0 then x = 15

or (15, 0).

Plot its reflection.

It's (15, 2)

Draw. (15, 0)

(15, 2)

More Graphs of Parabolas

(16, 1)

Example B. Graph x = –y2 + 2y + 15

Vertex: set y = =1 then x = –(1)2 + 2(1) + 15 = 16 –(2)2(–1)

so v = (16, 1).

Another point:

Set y = 0 then x = 15

or (15, 0).

Plot its reflection.

It's (15, 2)

Draw. Get y-int:

–y2 + 2y + 15 = 0(15, 0)

(15, 2)

More Graphs of Parabolas

(16, 1)

Example B. Graph x = –y2 + 2y + 15

Vertex: set y = =1 then x = –(1)2 + 2(1) + 15 = 16 –(2)2(–1)

so v = (16, 1).

Another point:

Set y = 0 then x = 15

or (15, 0).

Plot its reflection.

It's (15, 2)

Draw. Get y-int:

–y2 + 2y + 15 = 0

y2 – 2y – 15 = 0

(y – 5) (y + 3) = 0

y = 5, -3

(15, 0)

(15, 2)

More Graphs of Parabolas

(16, 1)

Example B. Graph x = –y2 + 2y + 15

Vertex: set y = =1 then x = –(1)2 + 2(1) + 15 = 16 –(2)2(–1)

so v = (16, 1).

Another point:

Set y = 0 then x = 15

or (15, 0).

Plot its reflection.

It's (15, 2)

Draw. Get y-int:

–y2 + 2y + 15 = 0

y2 – 2y – 15 = 0

(y – 5) (y + 3) = 0

y = 5, -3

(15, 0)

(15, 2)

More Graphs of Parabolas

(16, 1)

(0, -3)

When graphing parabolas, we must also give the x-intercepts

and the y-intercept.

The y-intercept is (o, c) obtained by setting x = 0.

The x-intercept is obtained by setting y = 0 and solve the

equation 0 = ax2 + bx + c which may or may not have real

number solutions. Hence there might not be any x-intercept.

More Graphs of Parabolas

Following are the steps to graph a parabola y = ax2 + bx + c.

1. Set x = in the equation to find the vertex.

2. Find another point, use the y-intercept (0, c) if possible.

3. Locate its reflection across the center line, these three

points form the tip of the parabola. Trace the parabola.

4. Set y = 0 and solve to find the x intercept.

-b2a

The graph of y = ax2 + bx = c are up-down parabolas.

If a > 0, the parabola opens up.

If a < 0, the parabola opens down.

More Graphs of ParabolasExercise A. Graph the following parabolas. Identify which

direction the parabolas face, determine the vertices using

the vertex method. Label the x and y intercepts, if any.

1. x = –y2 – 2y + 15 2. y = x2 – 2x – 15

3. y = x2 + 2x – 15 4. x = –y2 + 2y + 15

5. x = –y2 – 4y + 12 6. y = x2 – 4x – 21

7. y = x2 + 4x – 12 8. x = –y2 + 4y + 21

9. x = –y2 + 4y – 4 10. y = x2 – 4x + 4

11. x = –y2 + 4y – 4 12. y = x2 – 4x + 4

13. y = –x2 – 4x – 4 14. x = –y2 – 4y – 4

15. x = –y2 + 6y – 40 16. y = x2 – 6x – 40

17. y = –x2 – 8x + 48 18. x = y2 – 8y – 48

19. x = –y2 + 4y – 10 20. y = x2 – 4x – 2

21. y = –x2 – 4x – 8 22. x = –y2 – 4y – 5

EllipsesB. Complete the square of the following hyperbola-equations

if needed. Find the centers and the radii of the hyperbolas.

Draw and label the vertices.

1. x2 – 4y2 = 1 2. 9x2 – 4y2 = 1

3. 4x2 – y2/9 = 1 4. x2/4 – y2/9 = 1

5. 0.04x2 – 0.09y2 = 1 6. 2.25x2 – 0.25y2 = 1

7. x2 – 4y2 = 100 8. x2 – 49y2 = 36

9. 4x2 – y2/9 = 9 10. x2/4 – 9y2 = 100

13. (x – 4)2 – 9(y + 1)2 = 25

17. y2 – 8x – 4x2 + 24y = 29

15. x2 – 6x – 25y2 = 27

18. 9y2 – 18y – 25x2 + 100x = 116

11. x2 – 4y2 + 8y = 5 12. y2 – 8x – 4x2 + 24y = 29

14. 9(x + 2)2 – 4(y + 1)2 = 36

16. x2 – 25y2 – 100y = 200

More Graphs of Parabolas

1. (0, 3)

(0, -5)

(16, 1)

3.

(3, 0)(-5, 0)

(-1, -16)5.

(0, 2)

(0, -6)

(16, -2)

(2, 0)(-6, 0)

(-2, -16)

7.

(Answers to odd problems) Exercise A.

More Graphs of Parabolas9.

(-16, -2)

(-16, 6)

(0, 2)

11.

(-2, 0)

(0, -4)

13.

(-16, -2)

(-16, 6)

(0, 2)

15.

(-31, 3)

(-40, 0)

More Graphs of Parabolas17. 19.

21.

(-4, 64)

(-12, 0) (4, 0)(-10, 0)

(-6, 2)

(-2, -4)

(0, -8)

1. Center: (0, 0)

x radius: 1

y radius: 1/2

Exercise B.

(-1, 0) (1, 0)

3. Center: (0, 0)

x radius: 1/2

y radius: 3

(0.5, 0)(-0.5, 0)

Ellipses

5. Center: (0, 0)

x radius: 5

y radius: 3.33

(5, 0)(-5, 0)

7. Center: (0, 0)

x radius: 10

y radius: 5

(10, 0)(-10, 0)

9. Center: (0, 0)

x radius: 1.5

y radius: 9

11. Center: (0, 1)

x radius: 1

y radius: 1/2

Ellipses

13. Center: (4, -1)

x radius: 5

y radius: 9/3

15. Center: (3, 0)

x radius:

y radius:

(-1.5, 0) (1.5, 0) (1, 1)(-1, 1)

(5, 0)(-5, 0) (9, 0)(-3, 0)

17. Center: (-1,-12)

x radius: 6.5

y radius: 13

Ellipses

(-1, 1)

(-1, -25)

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