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World HistoryWorld History
Florence Leads the WayFlorence Leads the Way
(15:2)(15:2)
QuattrocentoQuattrocento
The century in which the Renaissance The century in which the Renaissance fully bloomed (1400’s)fully bloomed (1400’s)
This was the time in which history’s most This was the time in which history’s most celebrated writers and artists competed for the celebrated writers and artists competed for the spotlightspotlight
The MediciThe Medici
Powerful family which gained wealth and Powerful family which gained wealth and notoriety through trade and bankingnotoriety through trade and banking
Ruled the city-state of Florence during Ruled the city-state of Florence during the Quattrocentothe Quattrocento
Cosimo de Medici was the most powerful and Cosimo de Medici was the most powerful and wealthy man in Florencewealthy man in Florence
Never sought political office for himself; puppet Never sought political office for himself; puppet regimeregime
Cosimo de MediciCosimo de Medici
Emulating Pericles of Emulating Pericles of Athens, Cosimo Athens, Cosimo invested his own invested his own money into Florencemoney into Florence
Once paid the Once paid the debts of a friend debts of a friend in exchange for in exchange for 800 texts (some 800 texts (some ancient) and ancient) and opened the first opened the first free public free public librarylibrary
CosimoCosimo
Cosimo de Medici died in 1464, but the Cosimo de Medici died in 1464, but the family still held control of Florencefamily still held control of Florence
Power was eventually passed to his grandson, Power was eventually passed to his grandson, Lorenzo (the Magnificent) Lorenzo (the Magnificent)
Lorenzo ruled with absolute power with a republican Lorenzo ruled with absolute power with a republican frontfront
Kept the people happyKept the people happy
Survived an attempted assassination by Pope Survived an attempted assassination by Pope Sixtus IV and the archbishop of PisaSixtus IV and the archbishop of Pisa
Wouldn’t provide a loan to buy ImolaWouldn’t provide a loan to buy Imola
Lorenzo the MagnificentLorenzo the Magnificent
On his death bed Lorenzo was damned On his death bed Lorenzo was damned by Savonarola by Savonarola
Savonarola was later tortured and executed for his Savonarola was later tortured and executed for his religious beliefsreligious beliefs
It is said that at the moment of Lorenzo’s It is said that at the moment of Lorenzo’s death the chapel at the church of Santa death the chapel at the church of Santa Reparta was struck by lightningReparta was struck by lightning
Saint Reparata – 3Saint Reparata – 3rdrd Century Saint Century Saint Mythical figure denounced for being a ChristianMythical figure denounced for being a Christian
Artists in FlorenceArtists in Florence
Lorenzeo GhibertiLorenzeo Ghiberti Comissioned to produce doors to an eight Comissioned to produce doors to an eight
sided cathedralsided cathedral The doors were made of bronze, with intricate sculpted The doors were made of bronze, with intricate sculpted
panelspanels Michelangelo referred to the final two doors as the Michelangelo referred to the final two doors as the
“Gates of Paradise” (The name stuck)“Gates of Paradise” (The name stuck)
BrunelleschiBrunelleschi
Worked across the street while Lorenzo Worked across the street while Lorenzo Ghiberti worked on the BaptistryGhiberti worked on the Baptistry
Was denied the job Ghiberti acceptedWas denied the job Ghiberti accepted
Proposed putting a dome on top of the Baptistry Proposed putting a dome on top of the Baptistry making it almost 400 feet highmaking it almost 400 feet high
Considering this was built in 1436, that is a Considering this was built in 1436, that is a substantial heightsubstantial height
DonatelloDonatello
Studied under Ghiberti at the age of 17Studied under Ghiberti at the age of 17 Studied classical and ancient ruins in RomeStudied classical and ancient ruins in Rome Returned to Florence, ignoring the typical “front Returned to Florence, ignoring the typical “front
side only” statuesside only” statues Created three-dimensional, free standing statuesCreated three-dimensional, free standing statues
Erasmo of Narni (1370 - 1443), better known as "Gattamelata", (nickname meaning "The Honeyed Cat") was among the most famous of the condottieri or mercenaries in the Italian Renaissance. He was born in Narni, and served a number of Italian city-states: he began with Braccio da Montone, served Pope and Florence equally, and served Venice in 1434 in the battles with the Visconti of Milan.He was the subject of Donatello's equestrian bronze sculpture in the main square of Padua, the same city over which he became dictator in 1437.
MasaccioMasaccio
Changed painting by adding perspectiveChanged painting by adding perspective A vanishing point, adding depth and distance to the A vanishing point, adding depth and distance to the
paintingpainting
Called the “father of modern painting”Called the “father of modern painting” Progress is obvious in “The Healing of the Progress is obvious in “The Healing of the
Cripple and the Resurrection of Tabitha”Cripple and the Resurrection of Tabitha” Two events in the life of the apostle PeterTwo events in the life of the apostle Peter
Masaccio’s “Trinity”
Machiavelli and PoliticsMachiavelli and Politics
The Golden Age lasted until 1492 when The Golden Age lasted until 1492 when King Charles VII of France attacked King Charles VII of France attacked Northern ItalyNorthern Italy
Florence just happened to be in his attack routeFlorence just happened to be in his attack route
Piero de Medici (Lorenzo’s son) surrendered Piero de Medici (Lorenzo’s son) surrendered almost immediatelyalmost immediately
He then went into exile after his palace was stormed by He then went into exile after his palace was stormed by angry Floretinesangry Floretines
MachiavelliMachiavelli
In the early 1500’s the Italian city-states In the early 1500’s the Italian city-states allied themselves with foreign powers for allied themselves with foreign powers for survivalsurvival
Enter Machiavelli, who saw what life was like in Enter Machiavelli, who saw what life was like in the Golden Age of the Renaissance and what it the Golden Age of the Renaissance and what it had now becomehad now become
MachiavelliMachiavelli
Serving as a diplomat to many courts, Serving as a diplomat to many courts, Machiavelli tried to understand why some Machiavelli tried to understand why some rulers succeed while others failedrulers succeed while others failed Machiavelli wrote Machiavelli wrote The PrinceThe Prince, a book of , a book of
adviceadvice Pointed out that sometimes a ruler may have to Pointed out that sometimes a ruler may have to
deceive enemies as well as his own people for the deceive enemies as well as his own people for the good of the kingdomgood of the kingdom
Machiavelli Machiavelli
““The end justifies the means”The end justifies the means” Morally right v. Politically effectiveMorally right v. Politically effective
Is this prevalent in our society?Is this prevalent in our society?
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