World History - Era 2. The Spread of Agricultural Societies

World History - Era 2

EARLY CIVILIZATIONS

AND THE RISE OF PASTORAL SOCIETIES

The Spread of Agricultural Societies

Population Growth & Agriculture

A Positive Loop

Population Growth

Agricultural Productivity

Population Growth

Population Growth & Agriculture

A Negative Loop

Population Growth

EvaluateInnovate

Accelerate

Environmental Degradation

(Agricultural Productivity)

Food Shorta

ges Disease

Social ConflictCOLLAPS

The Rise of Early Civilizations

Domestication of Plants & Animals

Farming

Surplus Food

Population Intensification Specialization

Complex Society -- Civilization

Ziggurat at Ur

Israelites

Indo-Europeans

“Sea Peoples” Indo-

Aryans

INNER EURASIA

OUTER ASIA

The Role of the Nomadic People

Indo-Europeans

• Moved around 2000 BC

• Origin somewhere north of the Black Sea, in the steppes of Southwest Asia

• Merged with native Anatolians to become the Hittites (known for domestication of horses and iron chariots)

• Beginnings of European language groups (Slavic, Germanic, Italic)

The Isrealites

• Moved sometime around 1800 BC

• Sumerian descendants of the patriarch Abraham

• Their history is recorded in the Hebrew Bible

• Their lasting influence comes not from military power, but from their religious beliefs – monotheistic Judaism

• Lacked a homeland until their settlement in Canaan

The “Sea-Peoples”

• Moved sometime around 1200 BC

• Little is known about them, other than they came from the Aegean Sea area around southern modern-day Turkey

The Indo-Aryans

• Moved sometime around 2000-1500 BC

• “Whites” from the steppes of Central Asia

World History - Era 2. The Spread of Agricultural Societies

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