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Wireless MEMS –Sensor Networks for Monitoring and Condition Assessment of Lifeline SystemsDebasis Karmakar1 and Chulsung Park2
Faculty Advisor: Prof. Masanobu Shinozuka1 and Prof. Pai Chou2
1Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering 2Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science
University of California, IrvineSponsors: NSF/ Multidisciplinary Center for Earthquake Engineering Research
Simulated Water Head Gradient
Damage in P111
DuraNode and Eco
Damage in P111 & P24
(a) Top View (b) Side View
DuraNode
Photos of DuraNode and Eco
(a) On the finger (b) Side View (c) Top View
Eco
Specifications of MEMS Accelerometers
Part Name Acce. Range
(g)
Axis Sensitivity
(mV/g)
Freq.
(HZ)
Size
(mm)
Power
(mW)
Price
($)
SD1221(Silicon Designs) ±2 One 2000 0 ~ 400 9x9x3 50 130
H34C(Hitach Metals) ±3 Three 333 0 ~ 100 3.4x3.7x0.9 1 9.8
MMA7260Q (Freescale) ±1.5 Three 800 0 ~ 150 6x6x1.5 2 5.67
ADXL202(AnalogDevice) ±2 Two 375 0 ~ 6K 5x5x2 1.8 12.6
KXM52-1050(Kionix) ±2 Three 660 0 ~ 3K 5x5x1.8 5 100 40050Cost ($) @ 1000
200 ~ 30010 ~ 20 Radio Range (m)
WiFi / 2.4GHz Radio2.4GHz Custom RadioWireless Interface
Fast Ethernet, OpticalSerial, SPIWired Interface
4000mAh Li-Ion30mAh Li-PolymerBattery
11M1MMax. Air Data Rate (bps)
Max. 1000Max. 100Power Consumption (mW)
Three SD1221, GyroscopeOne H34CSensor
140 x 80 x 2013 x 11 x 8Size (mm)
DuraNodeEco
40050Cost ($) @ 1000
200 ~ 30010 ~ 20 Radio Range (m)
WiFi / 2.4GHz Radio2.4GHz Custom RadioWireless Interface
Fast Ethernet, OpticalSerial, SPIWired Interface
4000mAh Li-Ion30mAh Li-PolymerBattery
11M1MMax. Air Data Rate (bps)
Max. 1000Max. 100Power Consumption (mW)
Three SD1221, GyroscopeOne H34CSensor
140 x 80 x 2013 x 11 x 8Size (mm)
DuraNodeEco
Comparison of Eco and DuraNode
DuraNode
DuraNode
DuraNode
DuraNode
Water Pipe
Network
CAP
Node B
Node ANode D
Node C
Valve
Water Input
62”62”
62”
31”
9.5”
62”
Diameter of the pipe: 1”
CAP
Node B
Node ANode D
Node C
Valve
Water Input
62”62”
62”
31”
9.5”
62”
Diameter of the pipe: 1”
xx
(a) Photo of Water Pipe
Network
(b) Dimension of Water Pipe Network and locations where 4 DuraNodes are installed
0.28g
(b)
0.75g
0.28g
(b)
0.75g
Purpose : Demonstrate capability of a wireless MEMS sensor network to identify location and intensity of water pipeline network damage
Demonstration : Deploy DuraNodes at four locations on the surface of laboratory-scale pipeline network as shown in Fig. 1. Record and
visualize in real time on one laptop computer sharp temporary change in the acceleration at these four locations.
Method : Use a sensor and communication network of DuraNodes or Eco developed at UCI equipped with MEMS acceleration sensors.
Identify a point of damage in the network at which acceleration gradient is locally maximum
� Analytical simulation of hydraulic transient in a water supply pipeline network demonstrates that pipe damage can be found along pipe (link)
between two adjacent joints (nodes) at which head change (gradient) is locally maximum
� Simple experiments show that sharp change in water head in a pipe can be detected by capturing equally sharp change in acceleration of pipe
surface vibration
DuraNode
Valve Closed Valve Open Valve Shut
Water Head vs Acceleration
� Conceptual frame work is developed for a GIS-Based SCADA system to
provide a practical real-time damage identification tool for effective disaster
response
� This is done by monitoring water pressure on-line at pervasively installed
sensors within the system
� An index of water head gradient is introduced and used as a key parameter
to locate damaged pipe
� Use flow rate information to achieve more accurate results
� Optimize number and locations of monitoring stations
� Apply to regional water utilities (e.g. Irvine Ranch Water District) as
test-bed
Detected accelerationDetected acceleration
Open Shut
Setup for Preliminary Experiment Acceleration Data of 4 DuraNodes under High Pressure
Conclusions Future Study
Preliminary Experiment(invasive) (non-invasive)
Background
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