Why draw diagrams? Collect some data Organise it in a table Present it in a diagram

Why draw diagrams?

Collect some data

Organise it in a table

Present it in a

diagram

Collect some data

Organise it in a table

Present it in a

diagram

Any more...??

Bar Chart

Scatter

Graph

Pie Chart

Pictogram Choropleth map Line Grap

h

ObjectiveTo be able to draw a bar chart

When drawing a bar chart it must follow the following rules:

• The bars can be vertical or horizontal

• The bars must be the same width

•The gaps between the bars must all be

the same size

•The length or height of the bar

represents the frequency

• Both axis should be clearly labelled.

Drawing a bar chart from a set of data using excel

Sport Frequency

Tennis 7

Football 6

Netball 5

Athletics 7

Other 3

Open an Excel document and type your data into the sheet.

High light the table.Click on the insert tab on the tool bar.

Click on column and chose the first bar chart

You should now have a bar chart on your spreadsheet

This will change the colour of your

bars

Click on the layout tab

Decide where you want the

title

Decide where you want the

axis labels

Decide where you want the legend

Decide what data labels you wantAdd extra

writing

You can click on the writing on your bar chart at any time to change the writing.

Drawing a bar chart from a set of data by hand

Sport Frequency

Tennis 7

Football 6

Netball 5

Athletics 7

Other 3

Label your axis

Label each bar

Make the bars

equal in width

Leave equal gaps

Label axis

Chose your axis. To do this look at the highest frequency in

your frequency

table

Draw bars that go up to the corresponding frequency.

Don’t forget

the title

ObjectiveTo be able to draw pictograms

•A pictogram uses pictures to show the data.

•It must always have a key.

Sport Frequency

Tennis 7

Football 6

Netball 5

Athletics 7

Other 3

Drawing a pictogram

The first thing you need to do is to chose a picture for your pictogram.

In this case a circle will be used. (Although your picture can be

better!)

You then need to decide what one picture represents. In this case the frequencies only go up to 7. So I will use one full circle to represent 2 people. If you had a large number of frequencies, you may chose a circle to represent 10, 100 or 1000!

= 2 people

What will the following pictures show?

= 3 people

= 1 person

= 4 people

Now we have worked out what one of our pictures is worth, you need to work out what picture represents each frequency!

Sport Frequency

Tennis 7

Football 6

Netball 5

Athletics 7

Other 3

Sport

Tennis

Football

Netball

Athletics

Other

Key

= 2 people

Don’t forget

the key!!

ObjectiveTo be able to draw a pie chart

Drawing a pie chart using excel

Sport Frequency

Tennis 7

Football 6

Netball 5

Athletics 7

Other 3

Open an Excel document and type your data into the sheet.

High light the table.Click on the insert tab on the tool bar.

Click on Pie and chose the first pie chart (called 2D)

You should now have a pie chart on your spreadsheet

This will change the colour of your

bars

Click on the layout tab

Decide where you want the

title

Decide where you want the legend

Decide what data labels you wantAdd extra

writing

You can click on the writing on your pie chart at any time to change the writing.

Drawing a pie chart by hand

Sport Frequency

Tennis 7

Football 6

Netball 5

Athletics 7

Other 3

Sport Frequency

Tennis 7

Football 6

Netball 5

Athletics 7

Other 3

A pie chart is a circle. How

many degrees are in a circle?

360°

Sport Frequency

Working out

Degrees

Tennis 7 7 x 12.857..

90

Football 6 6 x 12.857..

77

Netball 5 5 x 12.857..

64

Athletics 7 7 x 12.857..

90

Other 3 3 x 12.857..

38

Sport Frequency

Working out

Tennis 7 7 x 12.857..

Football 6 6 x 12.857..

Netball 5 5 x 12.857..

Athletics 7 7 x 12.857..

Other 3 3 x 12.857..

Sport Frequency

Tennis 7

Football 6

Netball 5

Athletics 7

Other 3

Mark the centre of the pie and draw the circle.

Draw a line from the centre to the edge

Measure the first angle needed (90o)

Draw in the line and label the section

90o

Tennis

Sport Degrees

Tennis 90

Football 77

Netball 64

Athletics 90

Other 38

Drawing the pie chart

From this line measure the next angle, draw the line and label the section.

Continue in this way

Check that the last section has the correct angle and label it.

Tennis

FootballAthletics

Other

Sport Degrees

Tennis 90

Football 77

Netball 64

Athletics 90

Other 38

Drawing the pie chart

Netball

ObjectiveTo be able to draw a choropleth map.

What is a choropleth Map?

Choropleth maps are normally seen in Geography.

A key gives the values of the

variable for each shading

Regions are shaded with an increasing

depth of colour

As the shading gets darker the variable increases

Choropleth maps are appropriate for indicating differences in land use, like the amount of

recreational land or type of forest cover and the amount of population.

Choropleth maps are also good to help to show how something has changed over time.

When drawing Choropleth maps you must ensure that you include a key!

These Choropleth maps show the number of people per square mile in the same place in

1900 and 2000.

Can you see how it has changed?

Objective

To be able to draw a scatter graph

A scatter graph is used to plot two sets of data to see whether there is a connection or correlation between them.There are 3 main types of correlation:

Positive correlationAs one variable increases the other increases.

No correlationThere is no connection.

Negative correlationAs one variable increases the other decreases

Drawing a scatter graph using excel

Example Draw a scatter graph from the following data to see whether there is any connection between temperature and the number of ice creams sold.

Temperature (°F) Ice creams sold

72 10

61 8

45 1

65 6

78 8

51 2

67 6

Open an Excel document and type your data into the sheet.

High light the table.Click on the insert tab on the tool bar.

Click on scatter and chose the first scatter graph.

You should now have a scatter graph on your spreadsheet

This will change the colour of your

points

Click on the layout tab

Decide where you want the legend

Decide what data labels you want

Add extra writing

You can click on the writing on your scatter graph at any time to change the writing.

Chose a chart title

Chose axis title

Chose what type of grid

lines you want

Do you want a trend line? This will help to see what

type of correlation your graph

shows.

Don’t forget your title

Make sure you label your axis

Trend line

Say what the scatter graph showsThe trend line shows positive correlation. This means as the temperature increases the number of ice creams sold increases

Drawing a scatter graph by hand

Example Draw a scatter graph from the following data to see whether there is any connection between temperature and the number of ice creams sold.

Temperature (°F) Ice creams sold

72 10

61 8

45 1

65 6

78 8

51 2

67 6

1) Draw x and y axis on your graph paper

2) Look at the range of data and decide what values to use on your x and y axis.

3) Plot each point using a cross

3) Write a title and label the axis

4) Draw a trend line (line of best fit) to help you decide on the type of correlation.

Objective

To be able to draw a line graph

There are two types of line graphs:

Vertical Line GraphThis is just like a bar chart, where the bars are just lines. You draw this type of graph for discrete data.

Line graphYou join each point together with a straight line. You can only draw this graph for continuous data. If the data is grouped you use the middle value. This is sometimes called a frequency polygon.

NotesDiscrete data – When data only takes certain individual values e.g. Shoe sizeContinuous data – When data can have any number value e.g. Time

To draw a line graph on excel follow the instructions for a scatter graph but click to make a line graph.

To draw a line graph by hand follow instructions for scatter graph but join up the points.