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8/7/2019 WCDMA -HSPA-Core Network
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Contents
1.개요
2.망구조
3. 3G번호체계
4. CS망5. PS망
6. IMS
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1. WCDMA1. WCDMA 개요개요
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지금까지 이동통신은 주로 시스템 용량 개선이나 품질 개선을 위하여 FDMA 방식의 1세대인 아날로그 이동통신에서 CDMA나 TDMA 방식을 이용한 2세대 디지털 이동통신으로 발전하여 왔다.
3세대 이동통신이라고 할 수 있는 IMT-2000(International MobileTelecommunications-2000)은 2세대 이동통신의 문제점인 저속 및 낮은 품질의 데이터 전송과 지역별로 국한된 표준 사용으로 인한 글로벌
로밍(global roaming) 문제 등을 해결하기 위하여 1985년 ITU에서 처음으로 논의하기 시작하였다. ITU(International TelecommunicationUnion)는 국제 통신 연합으로서 여러 종류의 통신 규격의 제정과 제안된 규격의 심사 등의 업무를 수행하는 곳이다.
IMT-2000이라는 용어는 1996년부터 사용되기 시작하였는데 초기에는 FPLMTS(Future Pulic Land Mobile Telecommunication Systems)로 칭하였으나, 발음이 어렵고 2000년 경에 2000MHz의 대역을 사용한다는 의미를 강조하기 위하여 명칭이 변경되었다.
1. WCDMA1. WCDMA개요개요 –– IMTIMT--20002000배경배경
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1. WCDMA1. WCDMA개요개요 –– 망의망의 발전발전
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▣ WCDMA 주파수 대역
3GPP 규격에서 정의한 사용 가능 대역
-기지국 송신 : 60MHz ( 2110MHz ~ 2170MHz )
-기지국 수신 : 60MHz ( 1920MHz ~ 1980MHz )
SKT 사용 주파수
-기지국 송신 : 20MHz ( 2130MHz ~ 2150MHz )
-기지국 수신 : 20MHz ( 1940MHz ~ 1960MHz )
FA번호FA번호
채널번호(기지국송신)채널번호(기지국송신)
FA1FA1
1942.80
FA2FA2
1947.80
FA3FA3
1952.60
FA4FA4
1957.40
2132.80 2137.80 2142.60 2147.40
10664 10689 10713 10737
기지국 수신기지국 수신
기지국 송신기지국 송신
채널번호(기지국수신)채널번호(기지국수신) 9714 9739 9763 9787
※ 채널번호 = 5 ×주파수(MHz)
1. WCDMA1. WCDMA개요개요 –– 주파수주파수 대역대역
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IMT-2000
1885 2025
MSS
20101980
IMT-2000
2110 2200
MSS
2170
한국
PCS
1885 2025
기타사용
20101990
미사용
2110 2200
기타 사용
2150
북미
1885 2025
IMT-2000
1920
일본 MSS
20101980
IMT-2000
2200
MSS
2170
PHS
1895 1918
DECT
1885 2025
IMT-2000
1920
유럽 MSS
20101980
IMT-2000
2200
MSS
21701900
2110
2110
국가별 주파수 사용
MSS : Mobile Satellite Service
1. WCDMA1. WCDMA개요개요 –– 국가별국가별 주파수주파수 사용사용
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• “언제”, “어디서나 ”단말기의이동성구현
•범세계적서비스
•유선 +무선복합시스템
•무선망의이동성및유선망의지능성
/서비스다양성
/속도성확보
IMT 2000 서비스는 유무선 통합 시스템 구축에 의해 이동성 및 속도성을 최대한확보하여 멀티미디어 서비스 및 Global Roaming서비스가 가능토록 함.
멀티미디어
서비스
유·무선통합서비스
Global Roaming서비스
I n t e r n a t i o n a l
Mobil
e
Teleco
mm-
unication
2000
1. WCDMA1. WCDMA개요개요 --서비스영역서비스영역
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IMT-2000 서비스
전송속도 (bps )
1.2 K
9.6 K2.4 K
16 K
32 K
64 K
384 K
2 M
Mobile Multimedia Broadcast
Database Access
Symmetric Asymmetric Multicast
Point to Point Multi Point
Video
Conference(High Quality)
VideoConference
(Low Quality)
TelephoneConference
Telephone
InternetAccess
WWW
ftp
IP
telephony
etc
Remote Medical
Service
(Medical image)
Video
VideoCatalog
shopping
Video onDemand- Sports
- News- Movies
ElectronicNewspaper
ISDNKaraoke
Electronic
Publishing
Electronic
Mail FAX
InformationDistribution
ServicesNews
WeatherForecast
Traffic
Information
Sports
Information
Leisure
Information
Mobile TV
Mobile
Radio
Image
Data
Voice
Pager
1. WCDMA1. WCDMA개요개요 –– 서비스영역서비스영역
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WCDMA CDMA20001x-EVDO
반송파 간격 5MHz 1.25MHz
Chip속도 3.84Mcps 1.2288Mcps
무선자원관리 QoS제공 없음
패킷 데이터 부하에 기초한 패킷 스케쥴링 Sharing
전송속도 순/역방향:최대 2Mbps 비대칭 순:2Mbps 역:153Kbps
기지국 동기 자체동기 GPS에 의존
구 분
1. WCDMA1. WCDMA개요개요 –– CDMACDMA와와 비교비교
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WCDMA
Base Protocol UMTS Based Protocol
Paging 처리 SGSN
이동성 관리 프로토콜 GTP
IP 어드레스할당 GGSN
단말(가입자) 인증 HLR, AuC, EIR
구 분
국제로밍 쉽다
CDMA20001x(EVDO)
IETF Based Protocol
MSC
Mobile IP
PDSN
AuC, AN-AAA, AAA
약간 복잡
1. WCDMA1. WCDMA개요개요 –– CDMACDMA와와 비교비교
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1. WCDMA1. WCDMA개요개요 --HSDPA BenefitHSDPA Benefit
HSDPA : High Speed Downlink Packet Access – Peak 14 MbpsHSDPA : High Speed Downlink Packet Access – Peak 14 Mbps
Service Operator Service Operator Mobile Subscriber Mobile Subscriber
Higher Service Rate
Lower Service Charge
Higher Service Rate
Lower Service Charge
Higher Capacity per Cell
Larger users per CellLower CAPEX
Higher Capacity per Cell
Larger users per CellLower CAPEX
Lower LatencyLower LatencyHigher QoS
Lower Latency, Higher BW
Higher QoSLower Latency, Higher BW
Various Multimedia ServiceVarious Multimedia Service Generation of New Service
Streaming/Interactive/Background
Generation of New Service
Streaming/Interactive/Background
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1. WCDMA1. WCDMA개요개요 --HSDPA Spec. in 3GPPHSDPA Spec. in 3GPP
Feasibility Study as a part of 3GPP items (Mar/2000 ~
Mar/2001)
Approved HSDPA in Release 5 Spec.
RAN 1/2/3 Work Items were closed Dec/2002
RAN 4 Work Items were closed Jun/2003
R5 ASN.1 Frozen (06/2004)
R6 HSDPA Enhancement
Fractional DPCH
ACK/NACK Tx Power Reduction
Feasibility Study as a part of 3GPP items (Mar/2000 ~
Mar/2001)
Approved HSDPA in Release 5 Spec.
RAN 1/2/3 Work Items were closed Dec/2002
RAN 4 Work Items were closed Jun/2003
R5 ASN.1 Frozen (06/2004)
R6 HSDPA Enhancement Fractional DPCH
ACK/NACK Tx Power Reduction
WCDMA/HSDPA
HSDPA
Feasibility Study
HSDPA
Work Item in R5
R5 ASN.1
R6 HSDPAEnhancement
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1. WCDMA1. WCDMA개요개요 --R4R4와와 HSDPAHSDPA 비교비교
Uses 2ms TTI to adapt air interfaceUses 2ms TTI to adapt air interfaceUses 2ms TTI to adapt air interface
Backward compatibility with 3GPP R'99/R4Backward compatibility with 3GPP R'99/R4Backward compatibility with 3GPP R'99/R4
Support HSDPA and voice in the same FASupport HSDPA and voice in the same FASupport HSDPA and voice in the same FA
Adaptive Modulation/Coding according to CH qualityAdaptive Modulation/Coding according to CH qualityAdaptive Modulation/Coding according to CH quality
Retransmission based on H-ARQ as well as RLCRetransmission based on HRetransmission based on H--ARQ as well as RLCARQ as well as RLC
Node B Fast Scheduling based on TDM/CDMNode B Fast Scheduling based on TDM/CDMNode B Fast Scheduling based on TDM/CDM
Air InterfaceAir InterfaceAir Interface
CH allocationCH allocationCH allocation
Scheduling UnitScheduling UnitScheduling Unit
RetransmissionRetransmissionRetransmission
CodingCodingCoding
R’99 / R4RR’ ’ 99 / R499 / R4
RNCRNCRNC
10ms10ms10ms
RLCRLCRLC
QPSKQPSKQPSK
R5 HSDPAR5 HSDPAR5 HSDPA
Node-BNodeNode--BB
2ms2ms2ms
RLC + HARQRLC + HARQRLC + HARQ
QPSK + 16QAMQPSK + 16QAMQPSK + 16QAM
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R4 -Dedicated 채널HSDPA – Big Shared Pipe 제공(Dedicated채널과 동시 사용 가능)
1. WCDMA1. WCDMA개요개요 --R4R4와와 HSDPAHSDPA 비교비교
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R’99/R4R5
10 ms(min) 10 ms10 ms2 msFrame (TTI)
TDM/CDMCDMTDM/CDMTDM/CDMMultiplexing
RLC levelRLC levelRLC levelPacket Combin ing
at Layer 1
Retransmission,HARQ
QPSKQPSKQPSKQPSK, 16QAMModulation
Fixed
SF 256 ~ 4
Fixed
SF 512 ~ 4
Variable (SF256~4)
Frame by Frame
Fixed
SF16Spreading Factor
FACHDownlink DCHDSCHHS-DSCH (HSDPA)Transport Channel
1. WCDMA1. WCDMA개요개요 --R4R4와와 HSDPAHSDPA 비교비교
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1. WCDMA1. WCDMA개요개요 –– EVEV--DODO와와 HSDPAHSDPA 비교비교
1. 음성과 DO데이터 동시사용 불가
2. 음성 주파수 여유에도 불구하고EV-DO데이터로 사용할 수없음
1. 음성,데이터,화상 채널을상호 공유 가능
2. HSDPA용 전용 FA로 구축 가능
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UE categories
Cat. 1
Cat. 3
Cat. 5
Cat. 7
Cat. 9
Cat. 10Cat. 10
Cat. 11
Category
1.216Mbps7298
1.8245Mbps7298
3.649Mbps7298
7.2055Mbps14411
10.1255Mbps20251
13.976Mbps13.976Mbps2795227952
907.5Kbps3630
Max HS-DSCH bitsper TTI
Max Data Rate
3
2
1
1
1
11
2
Min.Inter TTI
5
5
5
10
15
1515
5
Number of receivableHS-DSCH Codes
Cat. 12 1.815Mbps363015
QPSK only
HSDPA Peak
QPSK
&
16QAM
1. WCDMA1. WCDMA개요개요 –– CategoriesCategories
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spare(0), lowest(1), .., highest(14),no priority(15)
C_Iftraffic_Interactive
Traffic Handling Priority
0 ~ 65535 msC_Iftraffic_Conv
Stream
Transfer Delay
…
0 ~ 16,000,000 bpsC_Iftraffic_ConvStream
Guaranteed Bit Rate
1 ~ 16,000,000 bpsMMaximum Bit Rate
…
Conversational, streaming,interactive or background
MTraffic Class
ValuePresenceParameter
QoS 정보
1. WCDMA1. WCDMA개요개요 –– HSDPAHSDPA QoSQoS
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TS34.108
2004 -09
Interactive or background / UL:64 DL:HSDPA / PS RAB + UL:3.4 DL:3.4 kbpsSRB
Interactive or background / UL:384 DL:HSDPA / PS RAB + UL:3.4 DL:3.4 kbpsSRB
2005-01
Conversational / UL:12.2 DL:12.2 kbps / CS RAB + Interactive or background /UL:384 DL:HSDPA / PS RAB + UL:3.4 DL:3.4 kbps SRB
Conversational / UL:12.2 DL:12.2 kbps / CS RAB + Interactive or background /UL:64 DL:HSDPA / PS RAB + UL:3.4 DL:3.4 kbps SRB
Conversational / UL:64 DL:64 kbps / CS RAB + Interactive or background /UL:384 DL:HSDPA / PS RAB + UL:3.4 DL:3.4 kbps SRB
Conversational / UL:64 DL:64 kbps / CS RAB + Interactive or background /
UL:64 DL:HSDPA / PS RAB + UL:3.4 DL:3.4 kbps SRB Interactive or background / UL:384 DL:HSDPA / PS RAB + Interactive or
background / UL:384 DL:HSDPA / PS RAB + UL:3.4 DL:3.4 kbps SRB
Interactive or background / UL:64 DL:HSDPA / PS RAB + Interactive orbackground / UL:64 DL:HSDPA / PS RAB + UL:3.4 DL:3.4 kbps SRB
1. WCDMA1. WCDMA개요개요 –– HSDPA RABHSDPA RAB조합조합
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수신자/발신자 모두
WCDMA커버리지 내에서 이용 가능
화상 가능 단말기(WCDMA폰이나EV-DO 화상 폰)사용
Circuit망을 이용
이용조건 및 서비스 특징
1. WCDMA1. WCDMA개요개요 –– 서비스서비스
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음성, 화상, 데이터 모두 가능
WCDMA 자동 로밍 (임대로밍 아님)
일본, 싱가폴, 홍콩, 대만, 독일,
프랑스, 이탈리아 등
이용조건 및 서비스 특징
1. WCDMA1. WCDMA개요개요 –– 서비스서비스
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음성+ SMS
음성 + 무선인터넷인터넷 + 인터넷
이용조건 및 서비스 특징
1. WCDMA1. WCDMA개요개요 –– 서비스서비스
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기존 대비 1.5 ~ 3배 수준의 속도
고품질 동영상 QVGA 제공유선인터넷 접속(USB모뎀이용)
이용조건 및 서비스 특징
1. WCDMA1. WCDMA개요개요 –– 서비스서비스
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2.2. 망망 구조구조
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LAN
ServerCorporate 1
Intra-PLMNbackbonenetwork(IP based)
SGSN
GGSN
HLR/AuCMSC/VLR
RNCNode B
PacketnetworkPSTN
PacketnetworkSS7Network
Packetnetwork
DataNetwork
(Internet)
Packetnetwork
Packet
networkInter-PLMNBackbonenetwork
BG
Uu
SMSC
EIR
SCP
RouterCG
DataNetwork
GMLC
PS Domain
CS Domain
2.2. 망구조망구조
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3. 3G3. 3G 번호번호 체계체계
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IMSI
IMSI(International Mobile Station Identity) :
로밍 지역에 상관없이 가입자를 유일하게 식별할 수 있도록 망 내부에서 사용되
는 가입자 식별자이다. 즉, IMSI는 가입자의 위치등록, 인증, 발신 및 착신 등의처리 시 가입자의 유일한 식별자로 사용된다. 가입자가 발신하거나 착신할 때 쓰
이는 다이얼링번호(예; MDN)와는 별개이다.
규격
ITU-T Recommendation E.212 (The international identification plan for mobileterminals and mobile users)에서 정의하고 있다.
배경
MIN은 원래 북미의 이동전화 가입자나 단말기를 식별하기 위한 것이었기 때문
에 다른 국가에서 사용하는 MIN과 충돌이 발생할 수 있다. 또한 10 digit MIN이
국제로밍을 제공하기 위해 필요한 추가 정보를 포함할 수 없다는 점 때문에 IMSI체계가 필요하게 되었다.
IMSI 는 GSM 표준에서는 계속 지원 되었고, CDMA 표준에서는 IS-41D에서부터
IMSI를 수용하도록 표준화가 진행 되었다.
3. 3G3. 3G번호번호
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–
약어 명칭 할당 기관
MCC Mobile Country Code ITU(TSB)
MNC Mobile Network Code National Authority 또는 TSBMSIN Mobile Subscriber
Identification NumberNational Authority(국내)
(MNC 를 할당 받은 사업자)
IMSI 구조
3. 3G3. 3G번호번호
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TMSI
TMSI(Temporary Mobile Subscriber Identity)
Air Interface상에 IMSI의 노출을 최소화 하기 위하여, 최초 위치 등록시
Original IMSI대신에 TMSI를 가입자별로 할당하며, 이 후 단말과 교환기간 주고받는 가입자 식별번호는 TMSI가 됨.
TMSI 구조
TMSI는 4byte형태이며, 교환기(VLR) 자체 알고리즘에 의해 할당하고 할당한 교
환기내에서만 유효함. TMSI 할당 시기
- 단말에서 IMSI로 위치등록이나 발/ 착신 호를 시도하는 경우
- 단말이 위치등록이나 발/ 착신 호 시도 시 사용한 TMSI로 가입자 찾지
못해 단말로 IMSI요구하는 경우
- 시스템에 최초 위치등록 하는 경우
- 위치 변경된 경우
3. 3G3. 3G번호번호
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IMEI
IMEI(International Mobile station Equipment Identity)
UMTS 단말을 구분하기 위한 단말 번호로써, EIR에서 관리함.
IMEI 구조
IMEI 15 digits
TAC
8 digits
SNR
6 digits
s are
1 digit
-Type Allocation Code (TAC) : 제조사별 할당
-Serial Number (SNR) : TAC당 유일한 단말 ID
-Spare digit: 0
3. 3G3. 3G번호번호
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MSISDNMSISDN(Mobile Station International ISDN Number)은 GSM 표준에서 IS-41표준의 MDN과 같은 역할을 한다. 즉 발신자가 호를 성립시키기 위해 실제로
다이얼링을 하는 착신 번호이다.
규격E.164, 3G TS 23.003에서 규정하고 있다.
MSISDN 구조
MSISDN은 ITU-T Recommendation E.164에서부터 할당되었다. 따라서 앞의PSTN의번호체계와 같은 구조로 되어 있다. (CC + NDC + SN)
MSISDN은 SCCP(Signaling Connection Control Part)에서 Global Title 주소
로 사용하여 이동단말의 HLR로 message를 라우팅 할 수 있는 구조로 되어
있어야 한다. CC와 NDC 가 그러한 정보를 제공한다.
3. 3G3. 3G번호번호
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약어 명칭 할당 기관
CC Country Code ITUNDC National Destination Code National Authority(국내)
SN Subscriber Number National Authority(국내)
3. 3G3. 3G번호번호
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MSRN
MSRN
MSRN(Mobile Station Roaming Number)은 TLDN과 동일한 개념으로,
GSM표준에서 호 설정을 위해 MSC/VLR에 의해서 이동단말(MS)에 임시로할당되는 번호이다. MSRN은 TLDN과 마찬가지로 dialing번호로 사용되지
않는 번호이다.
규격
ITU-T E.164, E.213에 의한다. 구조
MSRN은 로밍번호가 할당되어 있는 지역에서 앞의 국제 PSTN번호와 같은
구조를 가진다. (CC + NDC + SN)
3. 3G3. 3G번호번호
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Number관련처리
Number Format
단말에서 올라오는 번호/국제 Callforwarding용 ICC
MAP/CAP전달 번호
단말에서 ‘+’누른상태에서 올라온번호
ISUP/BICC전달번호
용도
011-758-xxxxNDC + SNH’A1(B’10100001)National
H’81(B’10000001)Unknown
82-11-758-xxxxCC+NDC+SNH’91(B’10110001)International
예시형태
Nature Of
Address(NOA)구분
Number Format 변환
3. 3G3. 3G번호번호
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• MIN(Mobile Identification Number)
- 10Digits
011 4 010 ‘0’
• IMSI : International Mobile
Subscriber Identity
- 15 Digits
MCC()+MNC()
(MDN/MSISDN)
• MDN(Mobile Directory Number)
- 011 10~11Digits
- 017 10Digits
• MSISDN(Mobile Station ISDN)
- ‘010’ 11Digits
(MIN/IMSI)
(IRM)
• IRM(International Roaming MIN)
- 10Digits
- IFAST /
MIN
• IMSI
-
GSM
(MGT)
• MGT(Mobile Global Title)
- 15Digits
- ITU-T E.164
• MGT(Mobile Global Title)
- 15Digits
- ITU-T E.164
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4.4. CS(CircuitCS(Circuit Switched) NetworkSwitched) Network
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Node-B
HLR
SCP
Node-B
Legacy MobileNetwork
PSTN
IuCS
Data Transfer & Signaling Interface
Signaling Interface
Application & Services
Nb
D C
CAP CAP
RNC MGW MGW/SGW
MSCServer
GMSCServer
ATM/IP Backbone
Network
IuCS
Nc
McMc Mc
Physical Signaling Interface
through IP Backbone Network
4. CS4. CS –– 망망 구성구성
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LAI
LAI(Location Area Identity)
UE가 Location Update(위치등록)없이 이동할 수 있는 cell의 Area로써, RNC에서 지정됨.
LAI 용도
- 위치 등록
- 착신 Paging
LAI 구조
-Location Area Code (LAC) : 동일 PLMN내에서 location area를구분하는 2
octet의 Code이며, 따라서 동일 PLMN에서는 unique해야함
-0000, and FFFE는 특수 목적으로 reserved
Location Area Identification
MCC MNC LAC
4. CS4. CS –– 망망 구성구성
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RA(s) handled by one 3G_SGSN
LA(s) handled by one 3G_MSC/VLR
RA1 RA2 RA3
LA1 LA2
RA4
LA3
RA5
URALA RA
MSC 1 MSC 2
SGSN 1 SGSN 2 SGSN 3
4. CS4. CS –– 망망 구성구성
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SAI
SAI(Service Area Identity)
동일 LA내에 있는 Cell을 구분하는 ID
SAI 용도
- 친구찾기를 위한 가입자 Location 정보
- 특번 할당을 위한 기지국 정보
SAI 구조SAI = PLMN-Id + LAC + SAC
- SAC is defined by the operator, and set in the RNC via O&M
4. CS4. CS –– 망망 구성구성
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MSC Server주요기능 호제어 기능
이동성관리 및 VLR 기능
외부망요소와 정합기능
운용관리 기능 유지보수 기능
Media Gateway주요기능 기존 MSC가 제공하는 모든 종류의 자원을 제공
주요 자원으로는 트래픽 송수신 및 서버와의 신호 정합을 위한 AAL2,
IP, 트랜스코딩을 위한 보코더, 톤 및 안내방송 장치, 신호 정합을 위한Broad 및 Narrow-band No.7 장치 등이 있다
4. CS4. CS –– MSC &MSC & MGwMGw
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HLR: 대용량의 실시간 Database를 갖추고, 망 구성 요소들에서 요구
하는 이동가입자 혹은 이동 단말기에 대한 정보를 처리해 주는 망
구성 요소
HLR 주요 기능 위치 등록 및 삭제
호 처리
가입자 정보관리
가입자 식별 및 번호계획 관련 정보
가입자 운영 관련 정보
부가 서비스 관련 정보
과금 관련 정보
부가 서비스 등록 및 취소
시스템 운용관리 및 유지보수
운용자 정합
SS No.7 하위계층(MTP, SCCP, TCAP) 지원 관리 Routing 정보관리
지능망 처리를 위한 CAP 연동 지원
4. CS4. CS --HLRHLR
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SCP
지능망 서비스 제어 시스템(SCP : Service Control Point)은 WCDMA망에서 가입자들에게 다양한 지능망 서비스를 제공하기 위한 시스템으
로서, 지능망 서비스 제어를 위한 서비스 제어 기능(SCF : Service
Control Function)과 서비스 데이터 기능(SDF : Service Data Function)을 제공하는 망 구성 요소이다.
UMTS SCP 는 아래와 같은 기능을 모두 수용한다.
CAMEL phase1,2,3 기능 제공
서비스 로직 실행 환경 제공
지능망 서비스 관련 가입자 데이터 제공
시스템 운용 및 유지 보수
4. CS4. CS --SCPSCP
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IP(Intelligent Peripheral)
IP는 주문화된 안내 방송, 음성 인식, 음성 합성, 음성 녹음, DTMF(Dualtone Multi-frequency) 디지트 수집기, 프로토콜 변환기 등과 같은 특수
자원을 가지며, 사용자와 지능망 사이의 유연한 상호 작용을 제공한다.
UMTS IP 는 아래와 같은 기능을 모두 수용한다.
음성 녹음/ 재생/ 편집
DTMF 분석
운용자 정합
시스템 관리 및 유지 보수
CAMEL 프로토콜 지원
4. CS4. CS --IPIP
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SMC(Short Message Center)는 SME(Short Message Entity)와 UMTS망 사이에 단문의 alphanumeric message를 교환해 주는 시스템
주요 기능
메시지 처리 기능
메시지 수집, 전송, 변경,삭제, 추가 및 스케쥴링 기능
무선 망 연동 기능
2G IS-41C 및 3GPP 29.002 규격을 지원
단말기 연동 기능
2G IS-637 와 3GPP 23.040 규격에 정의한 기능을 제공
SMSC 간 연동 기능
복수의 SMSC간 연동을 위하여 TCP/IP 및 SS7 통신 방법을 제공한다.SMSC간의 연동은 TCP/IP인 경우에는 SMPP 및 SMDP를 사용하여 가
능하며 SS7를 사용할 경우에는 IS-41C 또는 3GPP 23.040, 29.002 을
사용한 SMSC간 연동 방법을 따른다.
4. CS4. CS --SMSSMS
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AuC 주요 기능
인증가입자 관리 기능
인증 벡터 생성 기능
교환기가 요구하는 개수 만큼의 인증벡터를 생성및 HLR/MSC로 전달
MSC 인증 관련 주요 기능
인증벡터 분배 기능
VLR에서 관리하는 유효한 인증벡터가 없는 경우 AuC로 인증벡터를
요구하여 VLR의 가입자 DB에 저장함 인증 벡터 관리 기능
VLR에서는 최대 5개까지의 인증벡터를 관리함
선택적 인증 기능
이벤트별로 인증 활성화/ 비활성화 제어 기능
4. CS4. CS --AUCAUC
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개요 : EIR은 MSC 와 F, SGSN과 Gf Interface 를 통하여 국제 가입자 장치 관리
기능 제공
IMEI 상태 관리기능
단말기마다 고유하게 할당되는 IMEI의 상태 정보를 관리, 변경, 통보 지원.
Parameter name Request Indication Response Confirm
Invoke id M M(=) M(=) M(=)IMEI C C(=) C C(=)
Equipment status C C(=)
User error C C(=)Provider error O
Equipment status에 White_listed(0), Black_listed(1), Grey_listed(2) 가 MSC/SGSN
으로 반송되어 MSC는 이에 따라 적절한 호제어 및 관리를 수행한다.
4. CS4. CS --EIREIR
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GMLC(Gateway Mobile Location Center)는 이동단말의 위치정보 관련
서비스(LCS)를 지원하기 위해 필요한 기능을 포함한다.
GMLC는 Lh 인터페이스를 경유하여 HLR로 Routing정보를 요구할 수
있다.
GMLC 시스템은 이동단말의 현재 위치 정보를 외부 LCS 클라이언트에게 제공해 주는 장치이다.
GMLC 는 아래와 같은 기능을 수용할 수 있다.
위치 클라이언트 연동 기능
위치 좌표 변환 기능
위치 시스템 운영 기능
위치 시스템 과금 기능
4. CS4. CS --GLMCGLMC
4. CS -Interface
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Iu 인터페이스 : RNC와 Core Network간 인터페이스
Mc 인터페이스 : MSC Server와 MGW간 인터페이스
Nc 인터페이스 : MSC Server간 NNI Control 인터페이스
Nb 인터페이스 : MGW간 인터페이스
MGW MGW
GMSC ServerMSC Server
UTRAN
HLR
T-SGW
Application
& Service
PSTN/Legacy/ExternalIu
Iu
Mc Mc
Nb
Nc
CD
CAP
Signaling Interface
Signaling and DataTransfer interface
4. CS -Interface
4. CS4. CS --InterfaceInterface
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Iu인터페이스(RANAP)
MSC Server와 RNC간 제어 정보 및 사용자 데이터의 전송을 수행하는
어플리케이션 프로토콜 RANAP (Radio Access Network Application Part) 는 MSC Server와RNC간의 RAB 할당 및 해제, Relocation 제어 및 단말과의 MM, CC,부가서비스 관련 메시지(SS), SMS의 전달을 수행
RNCRNC MSCServerMSC
ServerRANAP
AAL5
SSCF-NNI
SSCOP
MTP-3B
SCCP
RANAP
AAL5
SSCF-NNI
SSCOP
MTP-3b
SCCP
RANAP
SSCF(Service Specific Co-ordination Function) :
SSCOP(Service Specific Connection Oriented Protocol) : ,
4. CS4. CS --InterfaceInterface
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Iu인터페이스(ALCAP)
ALCAP(Access Link Control Application Protocol)은 MGW와 RNC간
ATM(AAL2) 베어러를 설정 및 해제하기 위한 프로토콜 주요 기능
: AAL2 베어러 설정 및 해제, 설정된 베어러의 속성 변경,특정 채널(Path)에 대한 block/unblock
RNCRNC MGWMGWALCAP
AAL5
SSCF-NNI
SSCOP
MTP-3B
Q.2130.1
Q.2630.2
AAL5
SSCF-NNI
SSCOP
MTP-3b
Q.2130.1
Q.2630.2
4. CS4. CS --InterfaceInterface
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Iu인터페이스(UP)
RNCRNC MGWMGWIu UP
Physical Layer
ATM
AAL2
User Plane
UP(User Plan)는 RANAP 및 ALCAP을 통해 설정된 ATM bearer(AAL2)를통하여 코딩된 가입자의 User Data를 전송하는 영역
User Data의 전송에 앞서 UP는 각 UP Entity간에 제어 정보를 전달하여기본적인 시그널링을 수행
4. CS4. CS --InterfaceInterface
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UE GMSCRNC O-MSC MGW
Initial UE(CM Service Request)
DT(Setup)[CalledNumbert]
DT(Call Proceeding)
CM Service Accept
IAM[CalledNumber]
Security
ACM
Add Op.[Get Binding ID]RAB Assignment Request
ALCAP(ERQ)ALCAP(ECF)
UP(Initialization)
UP(Initialization_Ack)
RAB Assignment Complete
DT(Alerting) ANMDT(Connect)
DT(Connect Ack)
RANAP
MO시 Iu CS예시
4. CS4. CS --InterfaceInterface
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Nc인터페이스
BICC
ATM
AAL5
SSCOP
SSCF-NNI
MTP3b
Ethernet
IP
SCTP
M3UAMSCServer
MSCServer
MSCServer
MSC
ServerNc Interface(BICC)
MSC Server간 중계호 처리에 필요한 호제어 및 호처리 메시지 전달 기능 수행 주요 기능
Bearer Independent : ATM, IP 등 Packet 기반 BearerBICC 메시지 처리 및 메시지 분석에 따른 RoutingBICC와 MEGACO간 Bearer information 생성 및 교환Codec Negotiation / Codec Modification을 통해 중계호 간 TrFO처리
4. CS4. CS --InterfaceInterface
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Mc인터페이스
MEGACO
ATM
AAL5
SSCOP
SSCF-NNI
MTP3b
Ethernet
IP
SCTP
M3UA
Ethernet
IP
SCTPMSC
ServerMSC
ServerMGWMGWMc Interface
(MEGACO)
MSC Server와 MGW 간 시스템 연동 및 베어러 제어 수행 주요 기능
MSC Server에 의한 MGW 베어러 자원 할당, 해제 , 변경 및 제거
MSC Server/MGW간의 장애 처리 및 복구MGW의 등록/ 재등록 처리Physical Termination 의 생 성 및 제 거MGW 감사 기능안내방송/Tone/DTMF 처리 기능
4. CS4. CS --InterfaceInterface
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MAP
Mobile Subscriber 정보 관리
-. Insert (Delete) Subscriber Data,
Location Management 서비스
-. Update Location , Cancel Location, Send Identification, Purge Ms,
-. Note Mm Event.
Authenticate
-. Send Authentication Info, Authentication Failure Report,
Circuit Call Handling
-. Send Routing Information. Provide Roaming Number,
HandOver
-. Prepare Handover , Send End Signal, Process Access Signal,Forward Access Signal, etc.
4. CS4. CS --InterfaceInterface
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MAP
Supplementary Service Control & Management
-. Register SS , Erease SS, Active ( Inactive) SS, Register Passwd, etc,
Operation and Maintenance-. ActiveTraceMode, DeactiveTraceMode, TraceSubsActivity etc.
-. Send IMSI ( 41c: Call Data Request )
Short Message Center Interface
-. Send Routing Info for SM, MO( MT) Forward SM, SM_REPORT_DELIVERY_STATUS, Location Service Interface
-. Routing Info For LCS, Etc,
CCBS/NMS System interface
IMEI ; Check IMEI,
4. CS4. CS --InterfaceInterface
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CAP : “CAMEL(Customized App. for Mobile Network Enhanced Logic)Application Part”의 약자
CS CAMEL Functional Entities
HLR
GMSC
gsmSCF
MSC
Forwarded leg
MSIncoming line
Visited NetworkInterrogating Ne twork
Home Network
gsmSSFVLRRoaming leg
CAP CAP
MAP
MAP MAP
gsmSSF
gsmSRFHome/Interrogating/Visited Network
CAP
MO call - Outgoing leg(or Forwarding leg)
MAP
4. CS4. CS --InterfaceInterface
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SSP (Service Switching Point)
사용자가 망으로 Access할 수 있음
호연결(통화)을 위한 교환기능/지능망의 제공
타 망요소의 동작제어를 수행하는 SCP 같은 망 요소와 통신기능 지능망 서비스의 감지기능
SCP (Service Control Point)
실제 지능망 서비스 처리에 필요한 기능 즉, 서비스 로직 프로그램 수행과 데이터 저장 기능
신호망을 통한 SSP, IP, SMS등과의 연계 기능
Service의 Reliability를 향상할 수 있는 Multi SCP 기능이 가능.
Computer Architecture & Environments
IP (Intelligent Peripheral)
주문화된 안내방송, 음성인식, DTMF 디지트등의 수집기능과 같은 자원을 가짐.
사용자와 망사이의 유연한 상호작용 제공.
하나 이상의 SSP와 연결되어 있음
신호망과의 연결이 가능하여 SCP로의 직접 연동이 가능함
지능망요소
4. CS4. CS --InterfaceInterface
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CAMEL (Custom ized Application for Mobile network Enhanced Logic)
Provides the mechanisms to support services consistently independently
of the serving network
Tool to allow network operator to provide subscribers the OperatorSpecific Services even when roam ing outside of the HPLMN (Virtual Home
Environment)
설계 목표
Home network operator의 통제 하에서의 single platform에 기본 서비
스 제공 GSM service와 그것들의 통합에 대한 충격 최소화
GSM architecture을 고려하여 비용을 최소화하고 기존의 노드들과 네트
웍 상호이용성을 이용 -> 기존의 GSM entity 사이에 MAP을 사용
Home Network service의 적용성 확장과 통합을 fully mobile service에
도 적용 가능하게 한다. -> phase approach 가능한 기존 고정망 IN CS-x의 기능들의 재사용 -> service control과
service switching 사이의 INAP을 사용
CAMEL정의
4. CS4. CS --InterfaceInterface
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감지점(Detection Point)처리 기능 : 감지점 감시 및 보고
CSI(CAMEL Subscription Information) 처리 기능
Basic Call State Model에 의한 발,착신 기본 이동 호처리 기능
부가 서비스 로직과의 서비스 상호작용 제어 기능
확장된 프로토콜
- HLR 및 VLR 간 MAP 기능 보완
- SCP와의 인터페이스를 위한 MAP 및 CAP 기능 추가
- IP와의 인터페이스를 위한 CAP 기능 추가
CAMEL Switching Point (MSC+gsmSSF)기능
4. CS4. CS --InterfaceInterface
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O-CSI (발신측 서비스)
발신측 서비스로 HLR에 가입자에 대해서 tri gger 한다.
Tri gger Detecti on Poi nt( TDP) :DP2인 col l ectedI nfo, DP4인 routeSel ectFai l ure
- col l ectedI nfo : Desti nati onNumber Cri teri a, Basi c Servi ce Cri teri a
Forwardi ng Cri teri a
- routeSel ectFai l ure : Rel ease Cause Code에 대한 Cri teri a *또는 #으로 시작하는 서비스 활용
TTL Ti ng, 지역할인, VPN 등 기존 지능망 서비스에 활용
CSI(CAMEL Subscriber Information)
가입자별로 DP를 지정한 정보
DP가 감지될 경우, SCP나 HLR로 Initial DP Operation을 수행
동기 망의 Origination Request수행을 위한 orig_trigger,
TTNR을 수행하는 term_trig와 유사 위치등록시 VLR에 저장됨
CSI종류
4. CS4. CS --InterfaceInterface
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D-CSI (발신측 서비스)
발신측 서비스로 SCP에 가입자에 대해서 서비스를 tri gger정보를 설정한다 .
Detecti on Poi nt( DP)로는 DP3인 anal ysedI nfo가 있다
TTL Ti ng, 지역할인, VPN 등 기존 지능망 서비스에 활용
N-CSI (발신측 서비스) 발신측 서비스로 MSC내부에서 특정번호에 대해서 Trigger정보를 설정한다 Tri gger Detecti on Poi nt( TDP)로는 DP3인 anal ysedI nfo가 있다
080서비스 등에 활용
T-CSI(착신측 서비스)
착신측 서비스로 HLR에 가입자에 대해서 trigger를 setting 한다 . TDP : DP12(termAttemptAuthorized), DP13(tBusy), DP14(tNoAnswer)
VT-CSI(착신측 서비스)착신측 서비스로 HLR에 가입자에 대해서 trigger정보를 설정한다 . TDP : DP12(termAttemptAuthorized), DP13(tBusy), DP14(tNoAnswer) CRS 에 사용된다
4. CS4. CS --InterfaceInterface
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PPS기본호처리
InitialDP (Service Key)
Connect (destinationRoutingAddress)InitialDP (Service Key)
CallInformationRequest (RequestedInformationType)
ApplyCharging(maxCallPeriodDuration)
RequestReportBCSMEvent(EventTypeBCSM)
Connect(destinationRoutingAddress)
Conversation
ApplyChargingReport
EventReportBCSM (EventTypeBCSM)
ApplyChargingReport
CallInformationReport (RequestedInformationValue)
ApplyCharging(maxCallPeriodDuration))
MSCO HLR IP MSCTSCP
4. CS4. CS --InterfaceInterface
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GMSCO-MSC MGWa
IAM[CalledNumber, CodecList]
VT-MSC MGWcMGWb
SendRoutingInformation[ CalledNumber ]
ProvideRoamingNumber
HLR
ProvideRoamingNumberAck[ MSRN ]SendRoutingInformationAck
[ MSRN ]
IAM [ MSRN, CodecList ]
APM[ BIWF Address, Codec list]
ADD.request ($)
ADD.reply (T5)
ALCAP(ERQ)
ALCAP(ECF)
UP(Initialization)
UP(Initialization_Ack)
ADD.request ($)
ADD.reply (T5)
MAP
BICC(Nc)
Mc
Nb
4. CS4. CS –– 호처리호처리((위치등록위치등록))
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Location Update Procedure Normal Location Update 및 Periodic Location Update으로 구분
Normal Location Update는 Attached된 단말의 이동에 의해 LA 변경 시 수행
Periodic Location Update는 Attached된 단말의 가용성을 주기적으로
Network로 통 보 시 수 행
RNC MSC
LOCATION UPDATE
location update
MM INFORMATION
SGSN
Iu_PS Gs
4. CS4. CS –– 호처리호처리(Detach)(Detach)
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Detach 및 Purge Procedure 단말의 비활성화(Power off 등) 상태 혹은 USIM이 단말로부터 제거 시 수행
처리 완료 후 Network는 해당 단말에 대해 Detached 상태로 표시
Detached 된 가입자에 대한 Purge 등록 Timer가 종료되면, 해당 가입자 정보를
삭제하고 HLR로 Purge MS 를 보냄 HLR은 해당 가입자에 대해 MS Purged 되었다고 설정 후, MSC로 Purge MSAck 통보
RNC MSC HLR
IMSI DETACH
IU RELEASE COMMAND
IU RELEASE COMPLETE
PURGE
purge
4. CS4. CS –– 호처리호처리((음성음성))
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기본호처리 : 3G Mobile To 3G Mobile
prn (MSRN)
PRN (IMSI)
SRI (MSISDN,NetSigInfo=speech)
sri (MSRN)
IAM
ACM
MSCO HLR MSCT
착신 WCDMA교환기에서는 Intl형태의 MSRN할당(82102092602xxxx) Dual Stack HLR에서는 Intl형태의 MSRN을 발신
WCDMA MSC로 전달(82102092602xxxx) 발신 WCDMA교환기는 HLR에서 받은 MSRN을 Natl형태로 변경후
ISUP진행(0102092602xxxx)
4. CS4. CS –– 호처리호처리((음성음성))
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기본호처리 : 2G Mobile To 3G Mobile
prn (MSRN)PRN (IMSI)
LOC (MDN)
loc (MSRN)
IAM
ACM
MSCO HLR MSCT
착신 WCDMA교환기에서는 Intl형태의 MSRN할당(82102092602xxxx) Dual Stack HLR에서는 Intl형태를 Natl형태로 변경한 MSRN을
2G MSC로 전달(0102092602xxxx)
발신 2G 교환기는 HLR에서 받은 MSRN(TLDN)으로 ISUP진행(0102092602xxxx)
4. CS4. CS –– 호처리호처리((음성음성))
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기본호처리 : 3G Mobile To 2G Mobile
rtr (TLDN)
RTR (MIN)
SRI (MSISDN, NetSigInfo=speech)
sri (TLDN)
IAM
ACM
MSCO HLR MSCT
착신 2G교환기에서는 Natl형태의 TLDN할당(193741xxxx) Dual Stack HLR에서는 Natl 형태를 Intl 형태로 변경한 MSRN을
3G MSC로 전달(8210193741xxxx) 발신 WCDMA교환기는 HLR에서 받은 MSRN을 Natl형태로 변경후 DEL=3처리 후
ISUP진행(010193741xxxx 193741xxxx)
4. CS4. CS –– 호처리호처리((영상통화영상통화))
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Setup(ITC=UDI ,ORA=H.223&H.245)
MS MSCO HLR MSCT MS
Call Proceeding
Setup(ITC=UDI,ORA=H.223&H.245)
SRIPRN
sriprn
IAM(TMR=64kbit/s unrestricted, USI=BC) Paging
Paging Response
H.245 Negotiation
Audio/Video over H.223
Call Confirmed
AlertConnect
Connect Ack
ACM
ANMAlert
Connect
Connect Ack
BC = (ITC='UDI''; ORA='H223&H245'; …),USI = BCBC:Bearer Capability, USI:User Service Information, ITC : Information Transfer Capability,UDI=Unrestricted digital information, ORA=Other Rate Adaptation
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5.5. PS(PacketPS(Packet Switched Network)Switched Network)
5. PS5. PS –– 주요노드주요노드
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SGSN • Mobility Management
• Session Management
• Authentication
• GTP tunneling to GGSN
• Interaction with HLR, MSC/VLR
• Charging & Statistics
이동가입자정보와라우팅정보저장
지능망서비스제어기
MSC,SGSN연동발,착신단문메시지전송
HLR
GMLC
SCP
SMSC
LCS(Location Service)제공
EIR IMEI저장
GGSN•Session Management
•GTP tunneling to SGSN
•Interfaces to external IP networks
•Charging & Statistics
AUC 인증센터로암호화,무결성 Key제공
5. PS5. PS –– 노드기능노드기능
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X
MS
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
XX
X
UTRAN
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
XX
X
SGSN
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
GGSN
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
HLR
X
X
X
X
Authentication and Authorization
Function
Admission Control
Network Access Control
Registration
Operator Determined Barring
Message Screening
Packet Routing and Transfer
Packet Terminal Adaptation
Charging Data Collection
Encapsulation
Relay
Tunneling
Routing
Address Translation and Mapping
Radio Resource Management
CompressionCiphering
Mobility Management
5. PS5. PS –– InterfaceInterface
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• Control Planes
RRC : Radio Resource Control
GMM : GPRS Mobility Management
SM : Session Management
SCCP : Signalling Connection Control Part
SB : Signalling Bearer
GGSNSGSNMS UTRAN
Signalling
UDP/IP
L2
Uu Iu-PS Gn Gi
UDP/IP
L2
SCCP
SBAAL5
SCCP
SBAAL5
RLC
MAC
RRC RANAP
Relay
MAC
RLC
RRC GTP-C
ATML1L1
ATM
RANAP
GMM,SM,SMS
GMM,SM,SMS
GTP-C
L1 L1
5. PS5. PS –– InterfaceInterface
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• User Planes
PDCP : Packet Data Convergence Protocol
GTP : GPRS Tunneling Protocol
UTRAN : UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network
RLC/MAC : Radio Link Control/Medium Access Control
GGSNSGSNMS UTRAN
End User IP ConnectivityIP,PPP
App
UDP/IP
L2
L1
IP,PPP
L2
Uu Iu-PS Gn Gi
UDP/IP
L2
L1
UDP/IP
AAL5
ATM
GTP-U GTP-U
Relay
UDP/IP
AAL5
ATM
RLC
MAC
L1
PDCP GTP-U
Relay
L1
MAC
RLC
PDCP GTP-U
5. PS5. PS –– InterfaceInterface
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• Control Planes
- MAP : Mobile Application Part (refer to 3G TS 29.002)- TCAP : Transaction Capability Application Part- SCCP : Signalling Connection Control Part
TCAP
SCCP
Signalling
Bearer
MAP
TCAP
SCCP
Signalling
Bearer
MAP
SGSN HLRGr
TCAP
SCCP
Signalling
Bearer
MAP
TCAP
SCCP
Signalling
Bearer
MAP
SGSN EIRGf
5. PS5. PS –– InterfaceInterface
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• Control Planes
- BSSAP+ : Base Station System Application Part + (refer to 3G TS 29.018)- MAP : Mobile Application Part (refer to 3G TS 29.002)- TCAP : Transaction Capability Application Part- SCCP : Signalling Connection Control Part
BSSAP+SCCP
Signalling
Bearer
BSSAP+SCCP
Signalling
Bearer
SGSN MSC/VLRGs
TCAP
SCCP
Signalling
Bearer
MAP
TCAP
SCCP
Signalling
Bearer
MAP
SGSN SMS-MSCGd
5. PS5. PS –– InterfaceInterface
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• Control Planes
- CAP : CAMEL Application Part- CAMEL : Customised Applications for Mobile network Enhanced Logic- TCAP : Transaction Capability Application Part- SCCP : Signalling Connection Control Part
TCAPSCCP
Signalling
Bearer
CAP
TCAPSCCP
Signalling
Bearer
CAP
SGSN SCPGe
5. PS5. PS –– InterfaceInterface
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• Control Planes
1) MAP-based GGSN – HLR signalling
2) GTP and MAP-based GGSN – HLR signalling
TCAP
SCCP
Signalling
Bearer
MAPTCAP
SCCP
Signalling
Bearer
MAP
GGSN HLRGc
TCAP
SCCP
Signalling
Bearer
MAP
TCAP
SCCP
Signalling
Bearer
MAP
HLRGc
UDP
IP
GSN
L2
L1
GTP-C
UDP
IP
GGSN
L2
L1
GTP-C
Gn
5. PS5. PS –– InterfaceInterface
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• SS7 Signalling Transport in CN
MTP2
MTP1
MTP3-User
MTP3
SCTP
IP
MTP3-User
M3UA
AAL5
MTP3 B
ATM
SSCF
SSCOP
MTP3-User
1) MTP-based SS7 signalling transport network
2) IP-based SS7 signalling transport network
3) ATM-based SS7 signalling transport network
- MTP : Message Transfer Part- SSCF: Service Specific Co-ordination Function- SSCOP: Service Specific Connection Oriented Protocol- M3UA : MTP3-User Adaptation- SCTP : Stream Control Transmission Protocol(RFC 2960)
5. PS5. PS –– 단말동작단말동작
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• 세가지 MS동작모드
– PS/CS동시모드
– PS모드
– CS모드
PS/CS ModePS Service and
CS Service Simultanously
PS Mode Only PS Service
CS Mode Only CS Service
5. PS5. PS –– 단말동작단말동작
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•두개의망동작모드
– Gs인터페이스의유무에따라구분
– Gs인터페이스에의한MSC/VLR과 SGSN의 Interaction이가능
Mode Network Configuration Combined Procedure
I Gs is present Yes
II Gs is not present No
5. PS5. PS –– 상태관리상태관리
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Two Iu signalling connections(“two RANAP instances”)
UTRAN
3G SGSN
HLR
3G MSC/VLR
UE
CS servicedomain
Two CN service domains
One RRC connection
UTRAN withdistributionfunctionality
PS servicedomain
Common subscriptiondata base
CS statePS state
PS stateCS state
CS location PS location
5. PS5. PS –– 상태관리상태관리(MM: Mobility Management)(MM: Mobility Management)
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PMM-DETACHED
PS Attach
PS SignallingConnection Release
PS SignallingConnection Establish
PS Detach(Implicit GPRS Detach)
PMM-CONNECTEDPMM-IDLE
Detach,PS Attach Reject,RAU Reject
PMM-DETACHED
PS Detach(MS ReachableTimer Expired)
PMM-CONNECTED
Serving RNC
relocation
SGSN MM StatesMS MM States
SM-ACTIVE orINACTIVE
SM-ACTIVE orINACTIVE
SM-ACTIVE orINACTIVE
SM-ACTIVE orINACTIVE
Detach,PS Attach Reject,RAU RejectPS Attach
PS SignallingConnection Establish
PS SignallingConnection Release
PMM-IDLE
5. PS5. PS –– 상태관리상태관리(SM: Session Management)(SM: Session Management)
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Deactivate PDP ContextorMM state change to PMM-DETACHED
Activate PDP Context
INACTIVE
ACTIVE
5. PS5. PS –– GMM & SMGMM & SM 관계관계
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INACTIVE
ACTIVE
IDLE
MM Context : O
Iu Signal : X
PDP Context : X
RAB : X
MM Context : O
Iu Signal : X
PDP Context : O
RAB : X
CONNECTED
MM Context : O
Iu Signal : O
PDP Context : X
RAB : X
MM Context : O
Iu Signal : O
PDP Context : O
RAB : ?
GMM state
SM state
5. PS5. PS –– 호처리호처리((위치등록위치등록))
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MS UTRAN new SGSN old SGSN GGSN EIR new
MSC/VLRHLR
old
MSC/VLR1.Attach Request
2.Identification Request
2.Identification Responsed3.Identity Request
3.Identity Reponse
4. Authentication
5. IMEI Check
6a. Update Location
6b. Cancel Location
6c. Cancel Location
6d. Insert Subscriber Data
6e. Insert Subscriber Data Ack
6f. Update Location Ack
7a. Location Update Request
7b. Update Location
7d. Cancel Location Ack
7c. Cancel Location
7e.Insert Subscriber Data
7f.Insert Subscriber Data Ack
7g.Update Location Ack 7h. Location update Accept
c18a.Attach Accept
9.Attach Complete10. TMSI Reallocation Compete
5. PS5. PS –– 호처리호처리(Security)(Security)
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Security 기능 불법 사용 방지(망에 의한 MS 인증, 서비스 요청에 대한
Validation)
사용자 Identity에 대한 기밀성 유지(P-TMSI 할당) 사용자 데이터 및 시그널링 기밀성(Ciphering)
무결성 지원(Integrity Protection)
Authentication of the Network by the MS
1. Send Au thentication Info
2. Au thentication and Ciphering R equest
1. Send Authentication Info Ack
2. Au thentication and Ciphering R espo nse
M S BSS/U T RAN H LRSG SN
5. PS5. PS –– 호처리호처리(Security)(Security)
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AuC의 보안 함수
인증벡터 (RAND, RES, CK, IK, AUTH) 생성
f1 : 네트웍 인증함수
f2 : 사용자 인증함수 f3 : 암호화 키 생성 함수 f4 : 무결성 키 생성 함수 f5 : 익명성 키 생성 함수
f1 : 네트웍 인증 함수
f2 : 사용자 인증 함수 f3 : 암호화 키생성 함수 f4 : 무결성 키생성 함수 f5 : 익명성 키생성 함수
Generate SQN
f1 f5f4f3f2
Generate RAND
SQN AMF
K
RAND
AKIKCKXRESMAC
AUTN := (SQN⊕ AK) || AMF || MAC
AV := RAND || XRES || CK || IK || AUTN
AV : Authentication Vector
AUTN : Authentication Token USIM이 Network 을 인증
XRES : Expected Response
Network 이 USIM을 인증MAC : Message Authentication Code
SQN : Sequence Number
AMF : Authentication Management
Field CK : Cipher Key
IK : Integrity Key
AK : Anonymity Key
VLR은 최대 5개까지의 AV 저장
AV : Authentication Vector
AUTN : Authentication Token USIM이 Network 을 인증
XRES : Expected Response
Network 이 USIM을 인증MAC : Message Authentication Code
SQN : Sequence Number
AMF : Authentication Management
Field CK : Cipher Key
IK : Integrity Key
AK : Anonymity Key
VLR은 최대 5개까지의 AV 저장
5. PS5. PS –– 호처리호처리(Security)(Security)
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USIM의 보안 함수
f1 f4f3f2
SQN
K
RAND
IKCKRESXMAC
Verify SQN
SQN⊕ AK AMF MAC
AUTN
⊕AK
f5
Veri fy MAC = XMAC
3G GGSN3G SGSNUTRANM S
5. PS5. PS –– 호처리호처리((세션설정세션설정))
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3G-GGSN
9. Activate PDP C ontext Accept
4. Create PD P Context Response
4. Create PD P Context Request
1. Activate PDP C ontext Request
3G-SGSNUTRANM S
5. Radio Access Bearer Setup
C1
C2
6. Invoke Trace
8. Update PDP Context Response
8. Update PDP Context Request
5. PS5. PS –– 호처리호처리((세션설정세션설정))
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MS SGSN GGSN
3. PDU Notification Request
HLR
1. PDP PDU
2. Send Routeing Inf o for GPRS
2. Send Routeing Info for GPRS Ack
4. Request PDP Context Activation
5. PDP Context Activation procedure
3. PDU Notification Response
5. PS5. PS –– 호처리호처리((세션수정세션수정))
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GGSN
3. Update PDP Context Response
2. Update PDP Context Request
SGSNUTRANMS
1. Modify PDP Context Request
5. Modify PDP Context Accept
4. Radio Access Bearer Modification
C1
Visited OperatorVisited Operator
5. PS5. PS –– 호처리호처리((패킷로밍패킷로밍))
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Node-B RNC
SGSN
GGSN
Internet
VISITEDPLMN
HOMEPLMN
BG
BG
RootDNS
Inter-PLMNBackbone
VisitedDNS
GGSN
Home Operator Home Operator
Visited Operator Visited Operator
APN
1
2
3
4
5
8
HomeDNS
6
7
9
APN: my.isp.com .myoperator.fi.gprs
my.isp.com
myoperator.fi.gprs
1
3
4
5
6
2
7
8
9
방문 가입자가 home APN을 선택
단말이 "activate PDP context”를 송신
SGSN은 APN을 key로 visited DNS에 GGSN IP 어드레스를 질의
visited DNS 는 GPRS root DNS에 질의 : "who knows the IPaddress for this name?"
visited DNS는 home DNS에게 GGSN 어드레스를 질의
GPRS root DNS 는 visited DNS에게 home DNS 어드레스를 알려줌
Visited DNS는 SGSN 에 응답
SGSN은 home GGSN과 PDP context 생성
Home DNS는 GGSN IP 어드레스 응답
5. PS5. PS –– 호처리호처리((과금과금))
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Packet
networkInternet
GGSN
SGSN
Core Network
Access Network
MS
NodeB
RNC
CG
• M-CDR
• S-CDR
• S-SMO-CDR
• S-SMT-CDRBilling System
Data Flow
과금 정보
• G-CDR
QoS는 사용자가 느낄 수 있는 차별화 된 서비스를 말한다.
5. PS5. PS –– QoSQoS
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UMTS QoS 3GPP2는 QoS에 대해 특별히 정의하지 않았다. 3GPP는 QoS를 서비스의 주요한 요소로 정의하여 규격화
시켰다. 3GPP는 서비스를 4가지 Class로 구분하여 서비스를 제공하
도록 하고 있다.
QoS 관련 용어
DiffServ, RSVP Classifying Shaping Policing
Scheduling Marking
RF P k t S i
5. PS5. PS –– QoSQoS
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RF
Domain
Packet
Domain
Services
Domain
I n t rane t /
In ternet
Pac k et Net w ork
HLRHLRHLR SCPSCPSCP
GTPGTP
GGSNGGSNIuIu
Data CenterData Center
RNCRNCRNC
Policing
MarkingDSCP
Shaping
Scheduling
DiffServ Packet EdgeTreatment
LoadLoadBalancerBalancer
Preside QoS PolicyManagement/Control
Content Delivery Space
RRMRRM
SGSNSGSN
5. PS5. PS –– QoSQoS
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RNC Radio Resource Management Diffserv Marking Mapping Diffserv to ATM
HLR Subscriber Classification
SGSN Diffserv Marking for roamers
Negotiates between Requested and Subscribed QoS Key trigger to the RRM
GGSN Traffic Shaping/Policing Application Classification APN based policy management
Ext.
5. PS5. PS –– QoSQoS((제어제어))
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UMTS BSManager
TE Netw.MT UTRAN CN CN GW
Adm./Cap.
ControlTrans
l.
CN BSManag
er
Ext.BS
Manager
BB NSManag
er
UMTS BSManager
Adm./Cap.
Control
Iu BSManag
er
CN BSManag
er
Iu NSManag
er
BB NSManag
er
RABManager
Adm./Cap.
Control
Iu BSManag
er
Iu NSManag
er
UMTS BSManager
Adm./Cap.
ControlTrans
l.
LocalBS
Manager
RadioBS
Manager
UTRAPh.BS
Manag.
Subscr.
Control
RadioBS
Manager
UTRAPh.BS
Manag.
LocalServiceControl
Ext.ServiceControl
Protocol interface
Service primitive interface
BS = Bearer Service
NS = Network Service
Ext.
5. PS5. PS –– QoSQoS((데이터처리데이터처리))
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Resource
Manager
TE Netw.MT UTRAN CN CN GW
Class.
External BS
Cond.
Mapper
BB network
service
Iu network
serviceUTRA phys. BS
Local BSResour
ceManage
r
Resource
Manager
Resource
Manager
Resource
Manager
Resource
Manager
MapperMapperCond.
Class.
Cond.
: Data flow
5. PS5. PS –– QoS(ClassQoS(Class))
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Traffic
Class
Conversational
Class
Conversational RT
Streaming Class
Streaming RT
Interactive Class
Interactive Best
Effort
Background Class
Background Best
Effort
Fundamen
tal
Character
istics
Delay 값이작다 Delay값이크다 요청에대한응답이오는형태
어떤시간내에는응답이와야한다.
응답시간에대한기대값이없다.
Example
of theapplicatio
n
- Voice - Streaming video - Web browsing - BackgroundDownload of Emails
Application Classification
5. PS5. PS –– QoS(ClassQoS(Class))
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QoSInteractive
QoSconversational
QoSStreaming
QoSBackground
GoldUser
Priority Level
PreemptionMax BR
Guaranteed BRetc...
1
Yes384 kbit/s144 kbit/s
etc...
Silver
User
Priority LevelPreemption
Max BR
Guaranteed BRetc...
2No
144 kbit/s
64 kbit/setc...
BronzeUser
Priority LevelPreemption
Max BRGuaranteed BR
etc...
3No
144 kbit/s16 kbit/s
etc...
etc...
pp
Su
bscriber Cla
ssification
RAB QoS attributes
Traffic class
Maximum bitrate(UL / DL)
Guaranteed bit rate (UL / DL)Delivery order
Maximum SDU size
SDU error ratio
Residual bit error ratio
Delivery of erroneous SDUs
Transfer delay
Traffic handling priorityPre-emption Capability
Pre-emption Vulnerability
Queueing
Traffic Class
Conversational
classStreaming class Interactive class Background class
5. PS5. PS –– QoSQoS((속성값속성값))
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Maximum bit rate X X X X
Delivery order
Max SDU sizeSDU format
information
SDU error ratio
Residual bit error
ratio
Delivery of erroneousSDU
Transfer delay
Guaranteed Bit Rate
Traffic handling
priorityAllocation/Retention Priority
X X X X
X X X
XX
X X X
X X X
X X X
XX
XX
X
X XX
X
X
X
X
X
classg
X X
octet
1
Quality of service IEI
12345678
octet
1
Quality of service IEI
12345678
5. PS5. PS –– QoSQoS((포맷포맷))
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Octet16
Guaranteed bit rate for downlink (extended)
Octet15
Maximum bit rate for downlink (extended)
Octet
14
Source Statistics DescriptorSignal
-lingIndicat-ion
0 0 0
spare
Octet13
Guaranteed bit rate for downlink
Octet
12Guaranteed bit rate for uplink
Octet11
Traffic Handling priorityTransfer delay
Octet10
SDU error ratioResidual BER
Octet9
Maximum bit rate for downlink
Octet8
Maximum bit rate for uplink
Octet
7
Maximum SDU size
Octet6
Delivery of erroneous SDUDelivery orderTraffic Class
octet5Meanthroughput0 0 0spare
octet4
Precedenceclass
0spare
Peakthroughput
octet3
Reliabilityclass
Delayclass
0 0spare
Octet2
Length of quality of service IE
Octet16
Guaranteed bit rate for downlink (extended)
Octet15
Maximum bit rate for downlink (extended)
Octet
14
Source Statistics DescriptorSignal
-lingIndicat-ion
0 0 0
spare
Octet13
Guaranteed bit rate for downlink
Octet
12Guaranteed bit rate for uplink
Octet11
Traffic Handling priorityTransfer delay
Octet10
SDU error ratioResidual BER
Octet9
Maximum bit rate for downlink
Octet8
Maximum bit rate for uplink
Octet
7
Maximum SDU size
Octet6
Delivery of erroneous SDUDelivery orderTraffic Class
octet5Meanthroughput0 0 0spare
octet4
Precedenceclass
0spare
Peakthroughput
octet3
Reliabilityclass
Delayclass
0 0spare
Octet2
Length of quality of service IE
5. PS5. PS –– QoSQoS((속성값속성값))
16 000 h d (2) (3)16 000 h d (2) (3)16 000 (2)16 000 (2)M i bit t
Background classInteractive classStreaming classConversational classTraffic class
16 000 h d (2) (3)16 000 h d (2) (3)16 000 (2)16 000 (2)M i bit t
Background classInteractive classStreaming classConversational classTraffic class
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Yes/No (9)Signalling Indication
Speech/unknownSpeech/unknownSource statisticdescriptor
1,2,31,2,31,2,31,2,3Allocation/Retentionpriority
1,2,3 (9)Traffic handling priority
<= 16 000 (2)<= 16 000 (2)Guaranteed bit rate(kbps)
280 (8) – maximum value100 – maximum valueTransfer delay (ms)
10-3, 10-4, 10-610-3, 10-4, 10-610-1, 10-2, 7*10-3, 10-3, 10-4,10-5
10-2, 7*10-3, 10-3, 10-4, 10-5SDU error ratio
4*10-3, 10-5, 6*10-8 (7)4*10-3, 10-5, 6*10-8 (7)5*10-2, 10-2, 5*10-3, 10-3, 10-4,10-5, 10-6
5*10-2, 10-2, 5*10-3, 10-3, 10-4,10-5, 10-6
Residual BER
Yes/No/- (6)Yes/No/- (6)Yes/No/- (6)Yes/No/- (6)Delivery of erroneousSDUs
(5)(5)SDU formatinformation
<=1 500 or 1 502 (4)<=1 500 or 1 502 (4)<=1 500 or 1 502 (4)<=1 500 or 1 502 (4)Maximum SDU size(octets)
Yes/NoYes/NoYes/NoYes/NoDelivery order
<= 16 000 - overhead (2) (3)<= 16 000 - overhead (2) (3)<= 16 000 (2)<= 16 000 (2)Maximum bitrate(kbps)
Yes/No (9)Signalling Indication
Speech/unknownSpeech/unknownSource statisticdescriptor
1,2,31,2,31,2,31,2,3Allocation/Retentionpriority
1,2,3 (9)Traffic handling priority
<= 16 000 (2)<= 16 000 (2)Guaranteed bit rate(kbps)
280 (8) – maximum value100 – maximum valueTransfer delay (ms)
10-3, 10-4, 10-610-3, 10-4, 10-610-1, 10-2, 7*10-3, 10-3, 10-4,10-5
10-2, 7*10-3, 10-3, 10-4, 10-5SDU error ratio
4*10-3, 10-5, 6*10-8 (7)4*10-3, 10-5, 6*10-8 (7)5*10-2, 10-2, 5*10-3, 10-3, 10-4,10-5, 10-6
5*10-2, 10-2, 5*10-3, 10-3, 10-4,10-5, 10-6
Residual BER
Yes/No/- (6)Yes/No/- (6)Yes/No/- (6)Yes/No/- (6)Delivery of erroneousSDUs
(5)(5)SDU formatinformation
<=1 500 or 1 502 (4)<=1 500 or 1 502 (4)<=1 500 or 1 502 (4)<=1 500 or 1 502 (4)Maximum SDU size(octets)
Yes/NoYes/NoYes/NoYes/NoDelivery order
<= 16 000 - overhead (2) (3)<= 16 000 - overhead (2) (3)<= 16 000 (2)<= 16 000 (2)Maximum bitrate(kbps)
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6. IMS(IP Multimedia Subsystem)6. IMS(IP Multimedia Subsystem)
6. IMS6. IMS --개요개요
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Convergence
T ime
6. IMS6. IMS --개요개요
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IMS
NGN 유무선 통합 방송/통신 융합
- Network & Service Convergence
- Standard-based
IMS = IP Multimedia CN Subsystem
IP Multimedia Domain for call control based on SIP
6. IMS6. IMS --개요개요
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User/Service Profile Management
Session Triggering and Routing
Security and Charging QoS Control
Interworking with other networks(CS/PSTN)
Standardization
3GPP R5: Frozen in March/June 2002 3GPP R6: Frozen in March 2005
3GPP R7: Currently being specified, March 2007
Well-organized infrastructure for globally
interoperable IP multimedia services
Based on global standard
Needs for IP Multimedia services
Broadband access and growing customer needs forIP(internet) multimedia services
6. IMS6. IMS --개요개요
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P( r ) u s rv s
User experience improvement
Competition beween Telco and Internet (Skype,Yahoo,
Google,etc) Convergent network & services environment
FMC(Fixed-Mobile Convergence)
Telecommunication & Broadcasting convergence
Shorter Time-to-Market Market trends change faster and customer requirements
are getting various
Reduced CAPEX & OPEX Cost savings through efficient network and services
deployment
IMS Standard Evolution
3GPP
6. IMS6. IMS --개요개요
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3GPP
R5 IMS
3GPP2WLANOMA
3GPP
R6 IMS
3GPP
R7 IMS
ITU-T
TISPAN
ATIS
CableLabs
Fixed-MobileConvergence
(NGN IMS)
3GPP IMS Specification endorsement in another 3Gmobile(3GPP2), OMA, wireline NGN(ITU-T,TISPAN,ATIS) and cable(CableLabs)
Efficient Role & Responsibility between Standardbodies
Lesson learned from SIP standard history in IETF
Why Common IMS in all NGN?
3GPP IMS already fulfills the NGN requirements for IPmultimedia services
6. IMS6. IMS –– 개요개요
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multimedia services
Well organized for managed and carrier gradetelecom network and services
In R6 there already becomes applicable to a range ofaccess networks (3GPP,3GPP2,WLAN)
Globally Standardized Architecture
Common IMS over diverse Access Networks
Growing IMS market (Economy of Growth)
Wider choice of IMS suppliers and customers
Interoperability and Harmonization between Wireless/Wireline NGNs
IMS는 CDMA 및 UMTS의 망 진화과정의 필수 단계임
6. IMS6. IMS --개요개요
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IMS는 3GPP, 3GPP2, WLAN 모두에 공통사용 가능
따라서 CDMA 및 UMTS 사업을 동시에 진행하는 사업자(SKT, KTF 등)에게 NetworkDeployment 비용 절감, 운용비용 절감 효과가 있음
유선 NGN으로 확장 가능
Access Network에 Independent함
3GPP IMS표준이 사실상 유무선의 Reference가 되고 있음
2.3GHz Wibro와도 연결 가능 Access Control Router (ACR)을 통해서 IMS와 연동
따라서 IMS 도입은 CDMA, UMTS, 유무선 통합, 그리고 2.3GHz Mobile Internet까지 포함하는 망 진화/통합의 필수요건임
A ppl i cat i on
nctions
ANIApplications
*Application Support Functions & Service Support Functions
(may include own A uthentication, Authorization and Accounting)
6. IMS6. IMS –– 구성구성(ITU(ITU--T NGN)T NGN)
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Scope of NGN
Mana
gement fun
T-7:
Trunk
Media
Gatewa
y
FE
T-6:
Inter-
connection
BorderGateway FE
S-6: S.
Authentication &
Authorization FE
S-8: Access GW
Control FE
NACF RACF
Legacy
Terminal
RG W
Customer
Network
NG N
Terminal
Legacy
Terminal
S-11: User Signaling
Interworking FE
End-User
Function
S-3: Interrogating Call
Session Control FE
S-14: Media
Resource Broker FE
T-17: Transport
Resource Control FE
Access Packet T ransport Functions
T-2: Access
Node FE
T-1: Access
Media
Gateway
FE
T-3: Edge
Node FE
T-5:
AccessBorder
Gateway
FE
S-1: Serving Call Session Control FE
S-10: BreakoutGateway Control
FE
S-13: Media
Resource
Control FE
Core Packet Transport Functions
T-8:
Media
Resource
Processing
FE
T-12: T. User
Profile FE
T-4: Access
Relay FE
S-2: Proxy Call S ession
Control FE
T-10:
Network Access
Configuration F E
S-4: Subscription
Locator FE
S-5: S. User
Profile FE
S-4: Subscription
Locator FE
S-5: S. User
Profile FE
T-16: Policy Decision FE
S-12: Network
Signaling
Interworking F E
T-9:
Signalling
Gateway
FE
S-15:Multimedia
Service FE
NG N
UN I
Other NGN
RACF
T-14: Access Management FE
T-15: Home GateWay
Configuration FE
T-11:
T. Authentication
&Authorization
FE
T-16: Policy Decision FE
T-17: Transport
Resource Control FE
T-13: T. Location
management FE
other IP MM
Network
(e.g. IMS)
PSTN/ISDN
S-9: Media
GW
Control FE
S-7:
Interconnection
Border Gateway
Control FE
Core transport
Access transport
Service control
Charging
Rf/Ro
Ut
6. IMS6. IMS –– 구성구성(TISPAN NGN)(TISPAN NGN)
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Ot h er I P N et wor k s
IP Transport (Access and Core)
T-MGF
I-BGF
AS
UPSF
P-CSCF
I/S-CSCF
BGCF
SLF
Functions
IWF
«Core IMS»
Mw
Mw/Mk/Mm
Mr
Mg
Mj
Mi
Mp MnGm
Gq
ISC
Cx Dx
DhSh
Ic
Rf/Ro
Ib
Ia
Id
P S T N / I S D N
SGFMRFC MGCF
MRFP
Resource and Admission Control Subsystem
NetworkAttachment
Subsystem
If
Ie
Mw
IBCF
Mk
Mk
UE
6. IMS6. IMS –– 구성구성(ATIS NGN)(ATIS NGN)
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Configuration of IMS entities
IP Multimedia Networks Legacy mobile
6. IMS6. IMS –– 구성구성(3GPP(3GPP 구성구성))
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P-CSCF
M Subs stem
CSCF MGCF HSS
Cx
IMS-MGW
PSTN
Mn
Mb
Mg
Mm
MRFP
Mb
Mr
Mb
g y
signalling Networks
CSCF
Mw
Mw
Gm
BGCFMj
Mi
BGCF
Mk Mk
C, D,
Gc, Gr
UE
Mb
Mb
Mb
MRFC
SLFDx
Mp
PSTN
PSTN
Gq
Home-network based services
Support of roaming users
6. IMS6. IMS –– 서비스서비스 개념개념
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UE
P-CSCF
Serving
CSCF
Home
Network
Home/ Visited
Network
Service
Platform
Gm
Mw
UE
P-CSCF
Serving
CSCF
Home
Network
Home/Visited
Network
External
Service
Platform
Gm
Mw
QoS requirements for IMS session Independence between QoS signalling and Session Control
6. IMS6. IMS –– 서비스서비스 개념개념
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Necessity for End-to-End QoS Signalling and ResourceAllocation
Restricted Resource Access at the IP BS Level Restricted Resource Access at the IP-Connectivity Access
Network (i.e. layer-2) Level
Co-ordination between Session Control and QoS
Signalling/Resource Allocation The Efficiency of QoS Signalling and Resource Allocation
Dynamic QoS Negotiation and Resource Allocation
Prevention of Theft of Service
Prevention of Denial of Service
QoS requirements for IMS signalling The UE shall be able to establish a dedicated signalling IP-
CAN bearer for IM Subsystem related signalling or utilize a
6. IMS6. IMS –– 서비스서비스 개념개념
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CAN bearer for IM Subsystem related signalling or utilize ageneral-purpose IP-CAN bearer for IM subsystem signallingtraffic
The use of a dedicated signalling IP-CAN bearer for IMSubsystem related signalling may provide enhanced QoSfor signalling traffic
The IP-CAN shall be able to identify IM CN subsystem
signalling traffic in order for the operator to decide on whatparticular rating to apply to the IM CN subsystem signallingtraffic
Identification of users : Private user identities
The private identity is assigned by the home networkoperator, and used, for example, for Registration,A th i ti Ad i i t ti d A ti
6. IMS6. IMS –– Naming & AddressingNaming & Addressing
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Authorisation, Administration, and Accounting purposes
This identity shall take the form of a Network Access
Identifier (NAI) as defined in RFC 2486 It is possible for a representation of the IMSI to be
contained within the NAI for the private identity
This Identity is not used for routing of SIP messages
An ISIM application shall securely store one Private UserIdentity
This Identity identifies the subscription, not the user
This Identity is used to identify the user's information (forexample authentication information) stored within the HSS(for use for example during Registration)
This Identity is authenticated on ly during registration of theuser
Identification of users : Public user identities
The Public User Identity/identities are used by any user forrequesting communications to other users
6. IMS6. IMS –– Naming & AddressingNaming & Addressing
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Both telecom numbering and Internet naming schemes canbe used to address users
This Identity/identities shall take the form of a SIP URI (asdefined in RFC 3261 and RFC 2396) or the "tel:"-URI formatRFC 3966
An ISIM application shall securely store at least one Public
User Identity A Public User Identity shall be registered either explicitly or
implicitly
Public User Identities may be used to identify the user'sinformation within the HSS (for example during mobile
terminated session set-up)
Public User Identities are not authenticated by the networkduring registration
Identification of users : Routing of SIP signalling
within IMS
Routing of SIP signalling within the IMS shall use SIP URIs
6. IMS6. IMS –– Naming & AddressingNaming & Addressing
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g g gor other(non SIP) AbsoluteURIs(RFC3761,RFC3966)
Routing of SIP signalling within the IMS using AbsoluteURI(non SIP) shall only be supported for IMS signalling fromIMS user to external networks
E.164 format Public User Identities shall not be used forrouting within the IMS
Session requests based upon E.164 format Public UserIdentities will require conversion into SIP URI format forinternal IMS usage
Identification of users : Handling of dialled number
formats
When using a phone number as the dialled address, the UE
6. IMS6. IMS –– Naming & AddressingNaming & Addressing
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When using a phone number as the dialled address, the UEcan provide this number in the form of a SIP URI or a TELURI
This phone number can be in the form of E.164 format(prefixed with a '+' sign), or a local format using localdialling plan and prefix
The IMS will interpret the phone number with a leading '+' to
be a fully defined international number
Identification of users : Relationship of Private and
Public User IdentitiesPublic
User IdentityService
6. IMS6. IMS –– Naming & AddressingNaming & Addressing
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IMS
Subscription
Private
User Identity
Public
User Identity
Public
User Identity
Service
Profile
Service
Profile
Private UserIdentity-1
Private UserIdentity-2
Public UserIdentity - 1
Public UserIdentity - 2
Public UserIdentity - 3
ServiceProfile-1
ServiceProfile-2
IMSSubscription
Identification of network nodes The CSCF, BGCF and MGCF nodes shall be identifiable
using a valid SIP URI (Host Domain Name or Network
6. IMS6. IMS –– Naming & AddressingNaming & Addressing
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using a valid SIP URI (HostDomain Name or NetworkAddress) on those interfaces supporting the SIPprotocol(e.g.Gm,Mw,Mm,and Mg)
E.164 address to SIP-URI resolution in an IMS
The S-CSCF shall support the ability to translate the E.164address contained in a Request-URI in the non-SIP URITel: URI format IETF RFC 3966 to a SIP routable SIP URIusing an ENUM DNS translation mechanism with the formatas specified in IETF RFC 3761
If this translation fails, then the session may be routed to
the PSTN or appropriate notification shall be sent to themobile, depending on network operator configuration
Public Service Identities With the introduction of standardized presence, messaging,
conferencing, and group service capabilities in IM CN
6. IMS6. IMS –– Naming & AddressingNaming & Addressing
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g, g p psubsystem, there is a need for Public Service Identities(PSIs) which are hosted by Application Servers
Public Service Identities are used to identify groups. Forexample a chat-type service may use a Public ServiceIdentity (e.g. sip:chatlist_X@example.com ) to which theusers establish a session to be able to send and receive
messages from other session participants Public Service Identities shall take the form as defined in
TS 23.003
The IMS shall provide the capability for users to create,
manage, and use Public Service Identities under control ofAS
Proxy CSCF
the first contact point within the IM CN subsystem
P-CSCF behaves like a Proxy, i.e. it accepts requests and
6. IMS6. IMS –– 노드노드
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services them internally or forwards them on
P-CSCF shall not modify the Request URI in the SIP INVITEmessage
P-CSCF may behave as a User Agent, i.e. in abnormalconditions it may terminate and independently generate SIPtransactions
Generation of CDRs Maintain a Security Association between itself and each UE,
as defined in TS 33.203
Should perform SIP message compression/decompression
Interrogating CSCF
the contact point within an operator's network for allconnections destined to a user of that network operator, or
i tl l t d ithi th t t k
6. IMS6. IMS –– 노드노드
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a roam ing user currently located within that networkoperator's service area
Registration Assigning a S-CSCF to a user performing SIP registration
Session-related and session-unrelated flows
Route a SIP request received from another network towards
the S-CSCF Obtain from HSS the Address of the S-CSCF
Forward the SIP request or response to the S-CSCFdeterm ined by the step above
Generation of CDRs
operator may use a Topology Hiding Inter-network Gateway(THIG) function in the I-CSCF
Serving CSCF
performs the session control services for theoriginating/terminating UE
6. IMS6. IMS –– 노드노드
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May behave as a Registrar, i.e. it accepts registrationrequests and makes its information available through the
location server (HSS)
May behave as a Proxy Server, i.e. it accepts requests andservices them internally or forwards them on, possibly aftertranslation
May behave as a User Agent, i.e. it may terminate andindependently generate SIP transactions
Interaction with Services Platforms for the support ofServices
Provide endpoints with service event related information(e.g. notification of tones/announcement together withlocation of additional media resources, billing notification)
Generation of CDRs
Breakout Gateway Control Function
Receives request from S-CSCF to select appropriatePSTN/CS Domain break out point for the session
6. IMS6. IMS –– 노드노드
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Select the MGCF in the network in which the interworkingwith PSTN/CS Domain is to occur and forward the SIP
signalling to that MGCF
If the interworking is in another network, then the BGCF willforward the SIP signalling to the BGCF of that network
If the interworking is in another network and network hiding is
required by the operator, the BGCF will forward the SIPsignaling via an I-CSCF(THIG) toward the BGCF of the othernetwork
Generation of CDRs
Multimedia Resource Function Controller (MRFC)
Control the media stream resources in the MRFP
Interpret information com ing from an AS and S-CSCF (e.g.session identifier) and control MRFP accordingly
6. IMS6. IMS –– 노드노드
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session identifier) and control MRFP accordingly
Generate of CDRs
Multimedia Resource Function Processor (MRFP) Control of the bearer on the Mb reference point
Provide resources to be controlled by the MRFC
Mixing of incom ing media streams (e.g. for multiple parties)
Media stream source (for multimedia announcements)
Media stream processing (e.g. audio transcoding, media analysis)
Floor Control (i.e. manage access rights to shared resources in aconferencing environment)
Application Server with regards to MRF
Conference booking and management of booking information
Procedures related to local CSCF discovery
DHCP/DNS procedure for P-CSCF discovery
UE IP-CAN
DHCP Server
DNS
Server
6. IMS6. IMS –– 호처리호처리((등록등록))
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Server Server
1.IP-CAN Bearer
Establishment
2. DHCP- Query/
Response
2. DHCP-
Relay
3. DNS- Query/Response
Registration information flow – User not registered
P-CSCF HSSI-CSCF
1 R i t
UE
Visited Network Home Network
S-CSCF
6. IMS6. IMS –– 호처리호처리((등록등록))
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1. Register
2. Register
3. Cx-Query/Cx-Select-Pull
4. Cx-Query Resp/Cx-Select-Pull Resp
7. Cx-Put Resp/Cx-Pull Resp
5. Register
9. 200 OK
10. 200 OK11. 200 OK
6. Cx-put/Cx-Pull
8. Service Control
Re-Registration information flow – User currently registered
P-CSCF HSSI-CSCFUE
Visited Network Home Network
S-CSCF
6. IMS6. IMS –– 호처리호처리((등록등록))
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1. Register
2. Register
3. Cx-Query
4. Cx-Query Resp
5. Register
9 . 200 OK
10. 200 OK11. 200 OK
6. Cx-put/Cx-Pull
7. Cx-put Resp/Cx-Pull Resp
8. Service Control
Mobile initiated de-registration (Expires: 0)
P-CSCF HSSI-CSCFUE
Visited Network Home Network
1 REGISTER
S-CSCF
6. IMS6. IMS –– 호처리호처리((등록등록))
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1. REGISTER
2. REGISTER
3. Cx-Query
4. Cx-Query-Resp
5. REGISTER
9. 200 OK
10. 200 OK
11. 200 OK
7. Cx-Put
8. Cx-Put Resp
6. Service Control
Network initiated de-registration, Registration Timeout
S-CSCFP-CSCF HSSUE
1. TimerExpires
1. TimerExpires
6. IMS6. IMS –– 호처리호처리((등록등록))
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3. Cx-Put
4. Cx-Put-Resp
2. Service Control
Network initiated de-registration, Administrative
P-CSCF HSSS-CSCF
7. Cx-Deregister
Resp.
1. Cx-Deregister
3. Deregister
5. OK 200
UE
4 . UE Inform
6 . OK 200
2. Service Control
P-CSCF HSSS-CSCF
6. Cx-Put
7. Cx-Put resp
2. Deregister
4. OK 200
UE
3. UE Inform
5. OK 200
1. Service Control
Overview of session flow procedures
UE#1 S-CSCF#1 S-CSCF#2 UE#2
6. IMS6. IMS –– 호처리호처리(Multimedia(Multimedia 세션연결세션연결))
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One of the S-CSCF to S-CSCF Invitesequence information flows inserted
here
One of the MO InviteSequence information
flows inserted here
One of the MT InviteSequence information
flows inserted here
(MO#1) Mobile origination, roaming
(MO#2) Mobile origination, home
(PSTN-O) PSTN origination
(MT#1) Mobile termination, roaming
(MT#2) Mobile termination home
Overview of session flow procedures
6. IMS6. IMS –– 호처리호처리(Multimedia(Multimedia 세션연결세션연결))
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(PSTN O) PSTN origination
(NI-O) Non-IMS network origination
(external SIP client)(AS-O) Application Server origination
(S-S#1) Session origination and termination
are served by different network operators(S-S#2) Session origination and termination
are served by the same operator
(S-S#3) Session origination with PSTN termination
in the same network as the S-CSCF
(S-S#4) Session origination with PSTN terminationin a different network to the S-CSCF
(MT#2) Mobile termination, home
(MT#3) Mobile termination, CS Domain
roaming(PSTN-T) PSTN termination
(NI-T) Non-IMS network termination
(AS-T#1) PSI based Application Server
termination, direct
(AS-T#2) PSI based Application Servertermination, indirect
(AS-T#3) PSI based Application Server
termination, direct, using DNS
(AS-T#4) PUI based Application Server
termination, indirect
1 . I N V I T E
3 . I N V I T E
U E # 1 P - C S C F S - C S C F
5 . E v a l u a t i o n o f I n i t i a lF i l t e r C r i t e r i a s
2 . 1 0 0 ( T r y i n g )
4 . 1 0 0 ( T r y i n g )
V i s i t e d N e t w o r k H o m e N e t w o r k
6. IMS6. IMS –– 호처리호처리(Mobile Origination, Roaming)(Mobile Origination, Roaming)
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2 7 . 1 8 0 ( R i n g i n g )
8 . 1 8 3 ( S e s s i o nP r o g r e s s )
1 1 . 1 8 3 ( S e s s i o nP r o g r e s s )
1 2 . P R A C K
1 6 . 2 0 0 ( O K )
2 5 . 1 8 0 ( R i n g i n g )
2 8 . P R A C K
3 1 . 2 0 0 ( O K )
3 5 . 2 0 0 ( O K )
3 7 . 2 0 0 ( O K )
1 9 . U P D A T E
2 2 . 2 0 0 ( O K )
3 8 . A C K
6 . I N V I T E
2 6 . 1 8 0 ( R i n g i n g )
9 . 1 8 3 ( S e s s i o nP r o g r e s s )
3 4 . 2 0 0 ( O K )
1 3 . R e s o u r c eR e s e r v a t i o n
F i l t e r C r i t e r i a s
7 . 1 0 0 ( T r y i n g )
1 4 . P R A C K 1 5 . P R A C K
1 7 . 2 0 0 ( O K )1 8 . 2 0 0 ( O K )
2 0 . U P D A T E2 1 . U P D A T E
2 3 . 2 0 0 ( O K )2 4 . 2 0 0 ( O K )
2 9 . P R A C K 3 0 . P R A C K
3 2 . 2 0 0 ( O K )3 3 . 2 0 0 ( O K )
3 9 . A C K4 0 . A C K
1 0 . A u t h o r i z e Q o S r e s o u r c e s
3 6 . A p p r o v a l o f Q o S c o m m i t
4 IN V IT E
S -C S C F # 1 S -C S C F # 2I- C S C F
H S S
1 . IN V IT E
H om e N e tw o rk # 2O r ig in a t in g N e tw o rk T e rm in a t in g N e tw o rk
2 . 1 0 0 T r y i n g
3 . E v a l u a t io n o f
i n i t i a l f i lt e c r i t e r ia s
H o m e N e tw o rk # 1
6. IMS6. IMS –– 호처리호처리(Session Origination & Termination by Other)(Session Origination & Termination by Other)
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4 . IN V IT E
2 9 . 1 8 0 R i n g i n g
1 3 . 1 8 3 S e s s i o n
P r o g r e s s
1 6 . P R A C K
1 9 . 2 0 0 O K
3 2 P R A C K
3 5 . 2 0 0 O K
3 9 . 2 0 0 O K
2 2 . U P D A T E
2 5 . 2 0 0 O K
42 . A C K
7 IN V IT E
1 4 . 1 8 3 S e s s i o n
P r o g r e s s1 5 . 1 8 3 S e s s i o n
P r o g r e s s
1 0. IN V IT E
1 2 . 1 8 3 S e s s i o n
P r o g r e s s
2 8 . 1 8 0 R i n g i n g
3 1 . 1 8 0 R i n g i n g
3 8 . 2 0 0 O K
4 1 . 2 0 0 O K
3 0 . 1 8 0 R i n g i n g
4 0 . 2 0 0 O K
8 . 1 0 0 T r y i n g
1 1 . 1 0 0 T r y i n g
1 7 . P R A C K1 8 . P R A C K
5 . 1 0 0 T r y i n g
2 0 . 2 0 0 O K2 1 . 2 0 0 O K
2 3 . U P D A T E2 4 . U P D A T E
2 6 . 2 0 0 O K
2 7 . 2 0 0 O K
3 3 . P R A C K3 4 . P R A C K
3 6 . 2 0 0 O K
3 7 . 2 0 0 O K
43 . A C K
44 . A C K
9 . E v a l u a t i o n o f
n i t i a l f i l t r c r i t e r ias
6 . C x : U s e r l o c a t i o n q u e r y
4 . I N V I T E
S - C S C F P - C S C F
U E # 2
1 . I N V I T E
3 . E v a l u a t i o n o f i n i t i a lf i l t e r c r i t e r i a s
2 . 1 0 0 ( T r y i n g )
5 1 0 0 ( T r y i n g )
H o m e N e t w o r k V i s i t e d N e t w o r k
6. IMS6. IMS –– 호처리호처리(Mobile Termination, Roaming)(Mobile Termination, Roaming)
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2 5 . 1 8 0 ( R i n g i n g )2 6 . 1 8 0 ( R i n g i n g )
7 . 1 0 0 ( T r y i n g )
1 0 . 1 8 3 ( S e s s i o nP r o g r e s s )
1 2 . P R A C K
1 7 . 2 0 0 ( O K )
2 8 . P R A C K
3 1 . 2 0 0 ( O K )
3 4 . 2 0 0 ( O K )
3 6 . 2 0 0 ( O K )
1 9 . U P D A T E
6 . I N V I T E
3 8 . A C K
1 1 . 1 8 3 ( S e s s i o nP r o g r e s s )
2 7 . 1 8 0 ( R i n g i n g )
3 7 . 2 0 0 ( O K )
1 8 . R e s o u r c eR e s e r v a t i o n
5 . 1 0 0 ( T r y i n g )
8 . 1 8 3 ( S e s s i o n
P r o g r e s s )
1 3 . P R A C K1 4 . P R A C K1 5 . 2 0 0 ( O K )
1 6 . 2 0 0 ( O K )
2 1 . U P D A T E2 2 . 2 0 0 ( O K )
2 4 . 2 0 0 ( O K )
2 9 . P R A C K3 0 . P R A C K
3 2 . 2 0 0 ( O K )
3 3 . 2 0 0 ( O K )
3 9 . A C K4 0 . A C K
2 0 . U P D A T E
2 3 . 2 0 0 ( O K )
9 . A u t h o r i z e Q o S R e s o u r c e s
3 5 . A p p r o v a l o f Q o S c o m m i t
Mobile terminal initiated session release
UES-CSCFUE
Home Network
P-CSCF/PCFIP-CAN
Visited Network
IP-CAN
Visited Network
P-CSCF/PCF S-CSCF
Home Network
1. Hangup
6. IMS6. IMS –– 호처리호처리((세션해제세션해제))
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14. Rls Response
12. SIP OK
5. Hangup
15. SIP OK13. Release resource16. SIP OK
7. Hangup
17. SIP OK
4. Remove authorisation
6. Service Control
8. Service Control
9. Hangup
10. Remove authorisation
11. Hangup
3. Rls Response
2. Release resource
18. SIP OK
for bearer resources
for bearer resources
Network initiated session release - S CSCF Initiated
UE#1 P-CSCF#1
2. Hangup
3 Remove resource
S-CSCF#2 P-CSCF#2 UE#2S-CSCF#1
1. Service Control
6. IMS6. IMS –– 호처리호처리((세션해제세션해제))
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6. SIP OK7. SIP OK
4. Hangup
3. Remove resource
authorization
10. Hangup
14. SIP OK15. SIP OK
12. Hangup
9. Service Control
11.Remove resource
authorization
8. Hangup
16. SIP OK
5. Stop media flow;
release resources
13. Stop media flow;
release resources
참고자료참고자료
3GPP TS 21.905 Vocabulary for 3GPP Specifications
3GPP TS 23.002 Network Architecture
3GPP TS 23.003 Numbering, Addressing and Identification
3GPP TS 23.205 Bearer-independent circuit-switched core network; Stage 2
3GPP TS 25.410 UTRAN Iu Interface: General Aspects and Principles
3GPP TS 25.411 UTRAN Iu interface Layer 1
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3GPP TS 25.412 UTRAN Iu interface signalling transport
3GPP TS 25.413 UTRAN Iu interface RANAP signalling
3GPP TS 25.414 UTRAN Iu interface data transport & transport signalling3GPP TS 25.415 UTRAN Iu interface user plane protocols
3GPP TS 25.953 TrFO/TFO
3GPP TS 23.060 General Packet Radio Service
3GPP TS 23.107 QoS Concept and Architecture
3GPP TS 29.002 Mobile Application Part (MAP) specification
3GPP TS 29.232 Media Gateway Controller (MGC) -Media Gateway (MGW) interface; Stage 3
3GPP TS 23.207 End-to-End QoS Concept and Architecture
3GPP TS 23.221 Architecture Requirements(Release 5)
3GPP TS 23.228 IP Multimedia Subsystem
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