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WCDMA C WC A C e Network(HSDPA Network(HSDPA ) ) Apr il 26 , 200 7

WCDMA -HSPA-Core Network

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Contents

1.개요

2.망구조

3. 3G번호체계

4. CS망5. PS망

6. IMS

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1. WCDMA1. WCDMA 개요개요

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지금까지 이동통신은 주로 시스템 용량 개선이나 품질 개선을 위하여 FDMA 방식의 1세대인 아날로그 이동통신에서 CDMA나 TDMA 방식을 이용한 2세대 디지털 이동통신으로 발전하여 왔다.

3세대 이동통신이라고 할 수 있는 IMT-2000(International MobileTelecommunications-2000)은 2세대 이동통신의 문제점인 저속 및 낮은 품질의 데이터 전송과 지역별로 국한된 표준 사용으로 인한 글로벌

로밍(global roaming) 문제 등을 해결하기 위하여 1985년 ITU에서 처음으로 논의하기 시작하였다. ITU(International TelecommunicationUnion)는 국제 통신 연합으로서 여러 종류의 통신 규격의 제정과 제안된 규격의 심사 등의 업무를 수행하는 곳이다.

IMT-2000이라는 용어는 1996년부터 사용되기 시작하였는데 초기에는 FPLMTS(Future Pulic Land Mobile Telecommunication Systems)로 칭하였으나, 발음이 어렵고 2000년 경에 2000MHz의 대역을 사용한다는 의미를 강조하기 위하여 명칭이 변경되었다.

1. WCDMA1. WCDMA개요개요 –– IMTIMT--20002000배경배경

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1. WCDMA1. WCDMA개요개요 –– 망의망의 발전발전

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▣ WCDMA 주파수 대역

3GPP 규격에서 정의한 사용 가능 대역

-기지국 송신 : 60MHz ( 2110MHz ~ 2170MHz )

-기지국 수신 : 60MHz ( 1920MHz ~ 1980MHz )

SKT 사용 주파수

-기지국 송신 : 20MHz ( 2130MHz ~ 2150MHz )

-기지국 수신 : 20MHz ( 1940MHz ~ 1960MHz )

FA번호FA번호

채널번호(기지국송신)채널번호(기지국송신)

FA1FA1

1942.80

FA2FA2

1947.80

FA3FA3

1952.60

FA4FA4

1957.40

2132.80 2137.80 2142.60 2147.40

10664 10689 10713 10737

기지국 수신기지국 수신

기지국 송신기지국 송신

채널번호(기지국수신)채널번호(기지국수신) 9714 9739 9763 9787

※ 채널번호 = 5 ×주파수(MHz)

1. WCDMA1. WCDMA개요개요 –– 주파수주파수 대역대역

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IMT-2000

1885 2025

MSS

20101980

IMT-2000

2110 2200

MSS

2170

한국

PCS

1885 2025

기타사용

20101990

미사용

2110 2200

기타 사용

2150

북미

1885 2025

IMT-2000

1920

일본 MSS

20101980

IMT-2000

2200

MSS

2170

PHS

1895 1918

DECT

1885 2025

IMT-2000

1920

유럽 MSS

20101980

IMT-2000

2200

MSS

21701900

2110

2110

국가별 주파수 사용

MSS : Mobile Satellite Service

1. WCDMA1. WCDMA개요개요 –– 국가별국가별 주파수주파수 사용사용

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• “언제”, “어디서나 ”단말기의이동성구현

•범세계적서비스

•유선 +무선복합시스템

•무선망의이동성및유선망의지능성

/서비스다양성

/속도성확보

IMT 2000 서비스는 유무선 통합 시스템 구축에 의해 이동성 및 속도성을 최대한확보하여 멀티미디어 서비스 및 Global Roaming서비스가 가능토록 함.

멀티미디어

서비스

유·무선통합서비스

Global Roaming서비스

I  n  t  e  r  n  a  t  i  o  n  a  l   

Mobil

e

Teleco

mm-

unication

2000

1. WCDMA1. WCDMA개요개요 --서비스영역서비스영역

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IMT-2000 서비스

전송속도 (bps )

1.2 K

9.6 K2.4 K

16 K

32 K

64 K

384 K

2 M

Mobile Multimedia Broadcast

Database Access

Symmetric Asymmetric Multicast

Point to Point Multi Point

Video

Conference(High Quality)

VideoConference

(Low Quality)

TelephoneConference

Telephone

InternetAccess

WWW

e-mail

ftp

IP

telephony

etc

Remote Medical

Service

(Medical image)

Video

Mail

VideoCatalog

shopping

Video onDemand- Sports

- News- Movies

ElectronicNewspaper

ISDNKaraoke

Electronic

Publishing

Electronic

Mail FAX

InformationDistribution

ServicesNews

WeatherForecast

Traffic

Information

Sports

Information

Leisure

Information

Mobile TV

Mobile

Radio

Image

Data

Voice

Pager

1. WCDMA1. WCDMA개요개요 –– 서비스영역서비스영역

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WCDMA CDMA20001x-EVDO

반송파 간격 5MHz 1.25MHz

Chip속도 3.84Mcps 1.2288Mcps

무선자원관리 QoS제공 없음

패킷 데이터 부하에 기초한 패킷 스케쥴링 Sharing

전송속도 순/역방향:최대 2Mbps 비대칭 순:2Mbps 역:153Kbps

기지국 동기 자체동기 GPS에 의존

구 분

1. WCDMA1. WCDMA개요개요 –– CDMACDMA와와 비교비교

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WCDMA

Base Protocol UMTS Based Protocol

Paging 처리 SGSN

이동성 관리 프로토콜 GTP

IP 어드레스할당 GGSN

단말(가입자) 인증 HLR, AuC, EIR

구 분

국제로밍 쉽다

CDMA20001x(EVDO)

IETF Based Protocol

MSC

Mobile IP

PDSN

AuC, AN-AAA, AAA

약간 복잡

1. WCDMA1. WCDMA개요개요 –– CDMACDMA와와 비교비교

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1. WCDMA1. WCDMA개요개요 --HSDPA BenefitHSDPA Benefit

HSDPA : High Speed Downlink Packet Access – Peak 14 MbpsHSDPA : High Speed Downlink Packet Access – Peak 14 Mbps

Service Operator Service Operator Mobile Subscriber Mobile Subscriber 

Higher Service Rate

Lower Service Charge

Higher Service Rate

Lower Service Charge

Higher Capacity per Cell

Larger users per CellLower CAPEX

Higher Capacity per Cell

Larger users per CellLower CAPEX

Lower LatencyLower LatencyHigher QoS

Lower Latency, Higher BW

Higher QoSLower Latency, Higher BW

Various Multimedia ServiceVarious Multimedia Service Generation of New Service

Streaming/Interactive/Background

Generation of New Service

Streaming/Interactive/Background

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1. WCDMA1. WCDMA개요개요 --HSDPA Spec. in 3GPPHSDPA Spec. in 3GPP

Feasibility Study as a part of 3GPP items (Mar/2000 ~

Mar/2001)

Approved HSDPA in Release 5 Spec.

RAN 1/2/3 Work Items were closed Dec/2002

RAN 4 Work Items were closed Jun/2003

R5 ASN.1 Frozen (06/2004)

R6 HSDPA Enhancement

Fractional DPCH

ACK/NACK Tx Power Reduction

Feasibility Study as a part of 3GPP items (Mar/2000 ~

Mar/2001)

Approved HSDPA in Release 5 Spec.

RAN 1/2/3 Work Items were closed Dec/2002

RAN 4 Work Items were closed Jun/2003

R5 ASN.1 Frozen (06/2004)

R6 HSDPA Enhancement Fractional DPCH

ACK/NACK Tx Power Reduction

WCDMA/HSDPA

HSDPA

Feasibility Study

HSDPA

Work Item in R5

R5 ASN.1

R6 HSDPAEnhancement

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1. WCDMA1. WCDMA개요개요 --R4R4와와 HSDPAHSDPA 비교비교

Uses 2ms TTI to adapt air interfaceUses 2ms TTI to adapt air interfaceUses 2ms TTI to adapt air interface

Backward compatibility with 3GPP R'99/R4Backward compatibility with 3GPP R'99/R4Backward compatibility with 3GPP R'99/R4

Support HSDPA and voice in the same FASupport HSDPA and voice in the same FASupport HSDPA and voice in the same FA

Adaptive Modulation/Coding according to CH qualityAdaptive Modulation/Coding according to CH qualityAdaptive Modulation/Coding according to CH quality

Retransmission based on H-ARQ as well as RLCRetransmission based on HRetransmission based on H--ARQ as well as RLCARQ as well as RLC

Node B Fast Scheduling based on TDM/CDMNode B Fast Scheduling based on TDM/CDMNode B Fast Scheduling based on TDM/CDM

Air InterfaceAir InterfaceAir Interface

CH allocationCH allocationCH allocation

Scheduling UnitScheduling UnitScheduling Unit

RetransmissionRetransmissionRetransmission

CodingCodingCoding

R’99 / R4RR’ ’ 99 / R499 / R4

RNCRNCRNC

10ms10ms10ms

RLCRLCRLC

QPSKQPSKQPSK

R5 HSDPAR5 HSDPAR5 HSDPA

Node-BNodeNode--BB

2ms2ms2ms

RLC + HARQRLC + HARQRLC + HARQ

QPSK + 16QAMQPSK + 16QAMQPSK + 16QAM

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R4 -Dedicated 채널HSDPA – Big Shared Pipe 제공(Dedicated채널과 동시 사용 가능)

1. WCDMA1. WCDMA개요개요 --R4R4와와 HSDPAHSDPA 비교비교

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R’99/R4R5

10 ms(min) 10 ms10 ms2 msFrame (TTI)

TDM/CDMCDMTDM/CDMTDM/CDMMultiplexing

RLC levelRLC levelRLC levelPacket Combin ing

at Layer 1

Retransmission,HARQ

QPSKQPSKQPSKQPSK, 16QAMModulation

Fixed

SF 256 ~ 4

Fixed

SF 512 ~ 4

Variable (SF256~4)

Frame by Frame

Fixed

SF16Spreading Factor

FACHDownlink DCHDSCHHS-DSCH (HSDPA)Transport Channel

1. WCDMA1. WCDMA개요개요 --R4R4와와 HSDPAHSDPA 비교비교

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1. WCDMA1. WCDMA개요개요 –– EVEV--DODO와와 HSDPAHSDPA 비교비교

1. 음성과 DO데이터 동시사용 불가

2. 음성 주파수 여유에도 불구하고EV-DO데이터로 사용할 수없음

1. 음성,데이터,화상 채널을상호 공유 가능

2. HSDPA용 전용 FA로 구축 가능

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UE categories

Cat. 1

Cat. 3

Cat. 5

Cat. 7

Cat. 9

Cat. 10Cat. 10

Cat. 11

Category

1.216Mbps7298

1.8245Mbps7298

3.649Mbps7298

7.2055Mbps14411

10.1255Mbps20251

13.976Mbps13.976Mbps2795227952

907.5Kbps3630

Max HS-DSCH bitsper TTI

Max Data Rate

3

2

1

1

1

11

2

Min.Inter TTI

5

5

5

10

15

1515

5

Number of receivableHS-DSCH Codes

Cat. 12 1.815Mbps363015

QPSK only

HSDPA Peak

QPSK

&

16QAM

1. WCDMA1. WCDMA개요개요 –– CategoriesCategories

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spare(0), lowest(1), .., highest(14),no priority(15)

C_Iftraffic_Interactive

Traffic Handling Priority

0 ~ 65535 msC_Iftraffic_Conv

Stream

Transfer Delay

0 ~ 16,000,000 bpsC_Iftraffic_ConvStream

Guaranteed Bit Rate

1 ~ 16,000,000 bpsMMaximum Bit Rate

Conversational, streaming,interactive or background

MTraffic Class

ValuePresenceParameter

QoS 정보

1. WCDMA1. WCDMA개요개요 –– HSDPAHSDPA QoSQoS

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TS34.108

2004 -09

Interactive or background / UL:64 DL:HSDPA / PS RAB + UL:3.4 DL:3.4 kbpsSRB

Interactive or background / UL:384 DL:HSDPA / PS RAB + UL:3.4 DL:3.4 kbpsSRB

2005-01

Conversational / UL:12.2 DL:12.2 kbps / CS RAB + Interactive or background /UL:384 DL:HSDPA / PS RAB + UL:3.4 DL:3.4 kbps SRB

Conversational / UL:12.2 DL:12.2 kbps / CS RAB + Interactive or background /UL:64 DL:HSDPA / PS RAB + UL:3.4 DL:3.4 kbps SRB

Conversational / UL:64 DL:64 kbps / CS RAB + Interactive or background /UL:384 DL:HSDPA / PS RAB + UL:3.4 DL:3.4 kbps SRB

Conversational / UL:64 DL:64 kbps / CS RAB + Interactive or background /

UL:64 DL:HSDPA / PS RAB + UL:3.4 DL:3.4 kbps SRB Interactive or background / UL:384 DL:HSDPA / PS RAB + Interactive or

background / UL:384 DL:HSDPA / PS RAB + UL:3.4 DL:3.4 kbps SRB

Interactive or background / UL:64 DL:HSDPA / PS RAB + Interactive orbackground / UL:64 DL:HSDPA / PS RAB + UL:3.4 DL:3.4 kbps SRB

1. WCDMA1. WCDMA개요개요 –– HSDPA RABHSDPA RAB조합조합

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수신자/발신자 모두

WCDMA커버리지 내에서 이용 가능

화상 가능 단말기(WCDMA폰이나EV-DO 화상 폰)사용

Circuit망을 이용

이용조건 및 서비스 특징

1. WCDMA1. WCDMA개요개요 –– 서비스서비스

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음성, 화상, 데이터 모두 가능

WCDMA 자동 로밍 (임대로밍 아님)

일본, 싱가폴, 홍콩, 대만, 독일,

프랑스, 이탈리아 등

이용조건 및 서비스 특징

1. WCDMA1. WCDMA개요개요 –– 서비스서비스

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음성+ SMS

음성 + 무선인터넷인터넷 + 인터넷

이용조건 및 서비스 특징

1. WCDMA1. WCDMA개요개요 –– 서비스서비스

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기존 대비 1.5 ~ 3배 수준의 속도

고품질 동영상 QVGA 제공유선인터넷 접속(USB모뎀이용)

이용조건 및 서비스 특징

1. WCDMA1. WCDMA개요개요 –– 서비스서비스

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2.2. 망망 구조구조

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LAN

ServerCorporate 1

Intra-PLMNbackbonenetwork(IP based)

SGSN

GGSN

HLR/AuCMSC/VLR

RNCNode B

PacketnetworkPSTN

PacketnetworkSS7Network

Packetnetwork

DataNetwork

(Internet)

Packetnetwork

Packet

networkInter-PLMNBackbonenetwork

BG

Uu

SMSC

EIR

SCP

RouterCG

DataNetwork

GMLC

PS Domain

CS Domain

2.2. 망구조망구조

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3. 3G3. 3G 번호번호 체계체계

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IMSI

IMSI(International Mobile Station Identity) :

로밍 지역에 상관없이 가입자를 유일하게 식별할 수 있도록 망 내부에서 사용되

는 가입자 식별자이다. 즉, IMSI는 가입자의 위치등록, 인증, 발신 및 착신 등의처리 시 가입자의 유일한 식별자로 사용된다. 가입자가 발신하거나 착신할 때 쓰

이는 다이얼링번호(예; MDN)와는 별개이다.

규격

ITU-T Recommendation E.212 (The international identification plan for mobileterminals and mobile users)에서 정의하고 있다.

배경

MIN은 원래 북미의 이동전화 가입자나 단말기를 식별하기 위한 것이었기 때문

에 다른 국가에서 사용하는 MIN과 충돌이 발생할 수 있다. 또한 10 digit MIN이

국제로밍을 제공하기 위해 필요한 추가 정보를 포함할 수 없다는 점 때문에 IMSI체계가 필요하게 되었다.

IMSI 는 GSM 표준에서는 계속 지원 되었고, CDMA 표준에서는 IS-41D에서부터

IMSI를 수용하도록 표준화가 진행 되었다.

3. 3G3. 3G번호번호

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   –

약어 명칭 할당 기관

MCC Mobile Country Code ITU(TSB)

MNC Mobile Network Code National Authority 또는 TSBMSIN Mobile Subscriber

Identification NumberNational Authority(국내)

(MNC 를  할당  받은  사업자)

IMSI 구조

3. 3G3. 3G번호번호

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TMSI

TMSI(Temporary Mobile Subscriber Identity)

Air Interface상에 IMSI의 노출을 최소화 하기 위하여, 최초 위치 등록시

Original IMSI대신에 TMSI를 가입자별로 할당하며, 이 후 단말과 교환기간 주고받는 가입자 식별번호는 TMSI가 됨.

TMSI 구조

TMSI는 4byte형태이며, 교환기(VLR) 자체 알고리즘에 의해 할당하고 할당한 교

환기내에서만 유효함. TMSI 할당 시기

- 단말에서 IMSI로 위치등록이나 발/ 착신 호를 시도하는 경우

- 단말이 위치등록이나 발/ 착신 호 시도 시 사용한 TMSI로 가입자 찾지

못해 단말로 IMSI요구하는 경우

- 시스템에 최초 위치등록 하는 경우

- 위치 변경된 경우

3. 3G3. 3G번호번호

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IMEI

IMEI(International Mobile station Equipment Identity)

UMTS 단말을 구분하기 위한 단말 번호로써, EIR에서 관리함.

IMEI 구조

 

IMEI 15 digits

TAC

8 digits

SNR

6 digits

s are

1 digit

-Type Allocation Code (TAC) : 제조사별 할당

-Serial Number (SNR) : TAC당 유일한 단말 ID

-Spare digit: 0

3. 3G3. 3G번호번호

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MSISDNMSISDN(Mobile Station International ISDN Number)은 GSM 표준에서 IS-41표준의 MDN과 같은 역할을 한다. 즉 발신자가 호를 성립시키기 위해 실제로

다이얼링을 하는 착신 번호이다.

규격E.164, 3G TS 23.003에서 규정하고 있다.

MSISDN 구조

MSISDN은 ITU-T Recommendation E.164에서부터 할당되었다. 따라서 앞의PSTN의번호체계와 같은 구조로 되어 있다. (CC + NDC + SN)

MSISDN은 SCCP(Signaling Connection Control Part)에서 Global Title 주소

로 사용하여 이동단말의 HLR로 message를 라우팅 할 수 있는 구조로 되어

있어야 한다. CC와 NDC 가 그러한 정보를 제공한다.

3. 3G3. 3G번호번호

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약어 명칭 할당 기관

CC Country Code ITUNDC National Destination Code National Authority(국내)

SN Subscriber Number National Authority(국내)

3. 3G3. 3G번호번호

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MSRN

MSRN

MSRN(Mobile Station Roaming Number)은 TLDN과 동일한 개념으로,

GSM표준에서 호 설정을 위해 MSC/VLR에 의해서 이동단말(MS)에 임시로할당되는 번호이다. MSRN은 TLDN과 마찬가지로 dialing번호로 사용되지

않는 번호이다.

규격

ITU-T E.164, E.213에 의한다. 구조

MSRN은 로밍번호가 할당되어 있는 지역에서 앞의 국제 PSTN번호와 같은

구조를 가진다. (CC + NDC + SN)

3. 3G3. 3G번호번호

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Number관련처리

Number Format

단말에서 올라오는 번호/국제 Callforwarding용 ICC

MAP/CAP전달 번호

단말에서 ‘+’누른상태에서 올라온번호

ISUP/BICC전달번호

용도

011-758-xxxxNDC + SNH’A1(B’10100001)National

H’81(B’10000001)Unknown

82-11-758-xxxxCC+NDC+SNH’91(B’10110001)International

예시형태

Nature Of

Address(NOA)구분

Number Format 변환

3. 3G3. 3G번호번호

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• MIN(Mobile Identification Number)

- 10Digits

011 4 010 ‘0’

• IMSI : International Mobile

Subscriber Identity

- 15 Digits

MCC()+MNC()

(MDN/MSISDN)

• MDN(Mobile Directory Number)

- 011 10~11Digits

- 017 10Digits

• MSISDN(Mobile Station ISDN)

- ‘010’ 11Digits

(MIN/IMSI)

(IRM)

• IRM(International Roaming MIN)

- 10Digits

- IFAST /

MIN

• IMSI

-

GSM

(MGT)

• MGT(Mobile Global Title)

- 15Digits

- ITU-T E.164

• MGT(Mobile Global Title)

- 15Digits

- ITU-T E.164

3. 3G3. 3G번호번호

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4.4. CS(CircuitCS(Circuit Switched) NetworkSwitched) Network

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Node-B

HLR

SCP

Node-B

Legacy MobileNetwork

PSTN

IuCS

Data Transfer & Signaling Interface

Signaling Interface

Application & Services

Nb

D C

CAP CAP

RNC MGW MGW/SGW

MSCServer

GMSCServer

ATM/IP Backbone

Network

IuCS

Nc

McMc Mc

Physical Signaling Interface

through IP Backbone Network

4. CS4. CS –– 망망 구성구성

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LAI

LAI(Location Area Identity)

UE가 Location Update(위치등록)없이 이동할 수 있는 cell의 Area로써, RNC에서 지정됨.

LAI 용도

- 위치 등록

- 착신 Paging

LAI 구조

-Location Area Code (LAC) : 동일 PLMN내에서 location area를구분하는 2

octet의 Code이며, 따라서 동일 PLMN에서는 unique해야함

-0000, and FFFE는 특수 목적으로 reserved

Location Area Identification

MCC MNC LAC

4. CS4. CS –– 망망 구성구성

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RA(s) handled by one 3G_SGSN

LA(s) handled by one 3G_MSC/VLR

RA1 RA2 RA3

LA1 LA2

RA4

LA3

RA5

URALA RA

MSC 1 MSC 2

SGSN 1 SGSN 2 SGSN 3

4. CS4. CS –– 망망 구성구성

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SAI

SAI(Service Area Identity)

동일 LA내에 있는 Cell을 구분하는 ID

SAI 용도

- 친구찾기를 위한 가입자 Location 정보

- 특번 할당을 위한 기지국 정보

SAI 구조SAI = PLMN-Id + LAC + SAC

- SAC is defined by the operator, and set in the RNC via O&M

4. CS4. CS –– 망망 구성구성

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MSC Server주요기능 호제어 기능

이동성관리 및 VLR 기능

외부망요소와 정합기능

운용관리 기능 유지보수 기능

Media Gateway주요기능 기존 MSC가 제공하는 모든 종류의 자원을 제공

주요 자원으로는 트래픽 송수신 및 서버와의 신호 정합을 위한 AAL2,

IP, 트랜스코딩을 위한 보코더, 톤 및 안내방송 장치, 신호 정합을 위한Broad 및 Narrow-band No.7 장치 등이 있다

4. CS4. CS –– MSC &MSC & MGwMGw

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HLR: 대용량의 실시간 Database를 갖추고, 망 구성 요소들에서 요구

하는 이동가입자 혹은 이동 단말기에 대한 정보를 처리해 주는 망

구성 요소

HLR 주요 기능 위치 등록 및 삭제

호 처리

가입자 정보관리

가입자 식별 및 번호계획 관련 정보

가입자 운영 관련 정보

부가 서비스 관련 정보

과금 관련 정보

부가 서비스 등록 및 취소

시스템 운용관리 및 유지보수

운용자 정합

SS No.7 하위계층(MTP, SCCP, TCAP) 지원 관리 Routing 정보관리

지능망 처리를 위한 CAP 연동 지원

4. CS4. CS --HLRHLR

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SCP

지능망 서비스 제어 시스템(SCP : Service Control Point)은 WCDMA망에서 가입자들에게 다양한 지능망 서비스를 제공하기 위한 시스템으

로서, 지능망 서비스 제어를 위한 서비스 제어 기능(SCF : Service

Control Function)과 서비스 데이터 기능(SDF : Service Data Function)을 제공하는 망 구성 요소이다.

UMTS SCP 는 아래와 같은 기능을 모두 수용한다.

CAMEL phase1,2,3 기능 제공

서비스 로직 실행 환경 제공

지능망 서비스 관련 가입자 데이터 제공

시스템 운용 및 유지 보수

4. CS4. CS --SCPSCP

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IP(Intelligent Peripheral)

IP는 주문화된 안내 방송, 음성 인식, 음성 합성, 음성 녹음, DTMF(Dualtone Multi-frequency) 디지트 수집기, 프로토콜 변환기 등과 같은 특수

자원을 가지며, 사용자와 지능망 사이의 유연한 상호 작용을 제공한다.

UMTS IP 는 아래와 같은 기능을 모두 수용한다.

음성 녹음/ 재생/ 편집

DTMF 분석

운용자 정합

시스템 관리 및 유지 보수

CAMEL 프로토콜 지원

4. CS4. CS --IPIP

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SMC(Short Message Center)는 SME(Short Message Entity)와 UMTS망 사이에 단문의 alphanumeric message를 교환해 주는 시스템

주요 기능

메시지 처리 기능

메시지 수집, 전송, 변경,삭제, 추가 및 스케쥴링 기능

무선 망 연동 기능

2G IS-41C 및 3GPP 29.002 규격을 지원

단말기 연동 기능

2G IS-637 와 3GPP 23.040 규격에 정의한 기능을 제공

SMSC 간 연동 기능

복수의 SMSC간 연동을 위하여 TCP/IP 및 SS7 통신 방법을 제공한다.SMSC간의 연동은 TCP/IP인 경우에는 SMPP 및 SMDP를 사용하여 가

능하며 SS7를 사용할 경우에는 IS-41C 또는 3GPP 23.040, 29.002 을

사용한 SMSC간 연동 방법을 따른다.

4. CS4. CS --SMSSMS

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AuC 주요 기능

인증가입자 관리 기능

인증 벡터 생성 기능

교환기가 요구하는 개수 만큼의 인증벡터를 생성및 HLR/MSC로 전달

MSC 인증 관련 주요 기능

인증벡터 분배 기능

VLR에서 관리하는 유효한 인증벡터가 없는 경우 AuC로 인증벡터를

요구하여 VLR의 가입자 DB에 저장함 인증 벡터 관리 기능

VLR에서는 최대 5개까지의 인증벡터를 관리함

선택적 인증 기능

이벤트별로 인증 활성화/ 비활성화 제어 기능

4. CS4. CS --AUCAUC

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개요 : EIR은 MSC 와 F, SGSN과 Gf Interface 를 통하여 국제 가입자 장치 관리

기능 제공

IMEI 상태 관리기능

단말기마다 고유하게 할당되는 IMEI의 상태 정보를 관리, 변경, 통보 지원.

Parameter name Request Indication Response Confirm

Invoke id M M(=) M(=) M(=)IMEI C C(=) C C(=)

Equipment status C C(=)

User error C C(=)Provider error O

Equipment status에 White_listed(0), Black_listed(1), Grey_listed(2) 가 MSC/SGSN

으로 반송되어 MSC는 이에 따라 적절한 호제어 및 관리를 수행한다.

4. CS4. CS --EIREIR

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GMLC(Gateway Mobile Location Center)는 이동단말의 위치정보 관련

서비스(LCS)를 지원하기 위해 필요한 기능을 포함한다.

GMLC는 Lh 인터페이스를 경유하여 HLR로 Routing정보를 요구할 수

있다.

GMLC 시스템은 이동단말의 현재 위치 정보를 외부 LCS 클라이언트에게 제공해 주는 장치이다.

GMLC 는 아래와 같은 기능을 수용할 수 있다.

위치 클라이언트 연동 기능

위치 좌표 변환 기능

위치 시스템 운영 기능

위치 시스템 과금 기능

4. CS4. CS --GLMCGLMC

4. CS -Interface

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Iu 인터페이스 : RNC와 Core Network간 인터페이스

Mc 인터페이스 : MSC Server와 MGW간 인터페이스

Nc 인터페이스 : MSC Server간 NNI Control 인터페이스

Nb 인터페이스 : MGW간 인터페이스

MGW MGW

GMSC ServerMSC Server

UTRAN

HLR

T-SGW

Application

& Service

PSTN/Legacy/ExternalIu

Iu

Mc Mc

Nb

Nc

CD

CAP

Signaling Interface

Signaling and DataTransfer interface

4. CS -Interface

4. CS4. CS --InterfaceInterface

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Iu인터페이스(RANAP)

MSC Server와 RNC간 제어 정보 및 사용자 데이터의 전송을 수행하는

어플리케이션 프로토콜 RANAP (Radio Access Network Application Part) 는 MSC Server와RNC간의 RAB 할당 및 해제, Relocation 제어 및 단말과의 MM, CC,부가서비스 관련 메시지(SS), SMS의 전달을 수행

RNCRNC MSCServerMSC

ServerRANAP

AAL5

SSCF-NNI

SSCOP

MTP-3B

SCCP

RANAP

AAL5

SSCF-NNI

SSCOP

MTP-3b

SCCP

RANAP

SSCF(Service Specific Co-ordination Function) :

SSCOP(Service Specific Connection Oriented Protocol) : ,

4. CS4. CS --InterfaceInterface

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Iu인터페이스(ALCAP)

ALCAP(Access Link Control Application Protocol)은 MGW와 RNC간

ATM(AAL2) 베어러를 설정 및 해제하기 위한 프로토콜 주요 기능

: AAL2 베어러 설정 및 해제, 설정된 베어러의 속성 변경,특정 채널(Path)에 대한 block/unblock

RNCRNC MGWMGWALCAP

AAL5

SSCF-NNI

SSCOP

MTP-3B

Q.2130.1

Q.2630.2

AAL5

SSCF-NNI

SSCOP

MTP-3b

Q.2130.1

Q.2630.2

4. CS4. CS --InterfaceInterface

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Iu인터페이스(UP)

RNCRNC MGWMGWIu UP

Physical Layer

ATM

AAL2

User Plane

UP(User Plan)는 RANAP 및 ALCAP을 통해 설정된 ATM bearer(AAL2)를통하여 코딩된 가입자의 User Data를 전송하는 영역

User Data의 전송에 앞서 UP는 각 UP Entity간에 제어 정보를 전달하여기본적인 시그널링을 수행

4. CS4. CS --InterfaceInterface

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UE GMSCRNC O-MSC MGW

Initial UE(CM Service Request)

DT(Setup)[CalledNumbert]

DT(Call Proceeding)

CM Service Accept

IAM[CalledNumber]

Security

ACM

Add Op.[Get Binding ID]RAB Assignment Request

ALCAP(ERQ)ALCAP(ECF)

UP(Initialization)

UP(Initialization_Ack)

RAB Assignment Complete

DT(Alerting) ANMDT(Connect)

DT(Connect Ack)

RANAP

MO시 Iu CS예시

4. CS4. CS --InterfaceInterface

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Nc인터페이스

BICC

ATM

AAL5

SSCOP

SSCF-NNI

MTP3b

Ethernet

IP

SCTP

M3UAMSCServer

MSCServer

MSCServer

MSC

ServerNc Interface(BICC)

MSC Server간 중계호 처리에 필요한 호제어 및 호처리 메시지 전달 기능 수행 주요 기능

Bearer Independent : ATM, IP 등 Packet 기반 BearerBICC 메시지 처리 및 메시지 분석에 따른 RoutingBICC와 MEGACO간 Bearer information 생성 및 교환Codec Negotiation / Codec Modification을 통해 중계호 간 TrFO처리

4. CS4. CS --InterfaceInterface

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Mc인터페이스

MEGACO

ATM

AAL5

SSCOP

SSCF-NNI

MTP3b

Ethernet

IP

SCTP

M3UA

Ethernet

IP

SCTPMSC

ServerMSC

ServerMGWMGWMc Interface

(MEGACO)

MSC Server와 MGW 간 시스템 연동 및 베어러 제어 수행 주요 기능

MSC Server에 의한 MGW 베어러 자원 할당, 해제 , 변경 및 제거

MSC Server/MGW간의 장애 처리 및 복구MGW의 등록/ 재등록 처리Physical Termination 의 생 성 및 제 거MGW 감사 기능안내방송/Tone/DTMF 처리 기능

4. CS4. CS --InterfaceInterface

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MAP

Mobile Subscriber 정보 관리

-. Insert (Delete) Subscriber Data,

Location Management 서비스

-. Update Location , Cancel Location, Send Identification, Purge Ms,

-. Note Mm Event.

Authenticate

-. Send Authentication Info, Authentication Failure Report,

Circuit Call Handling

-. Send Routing Information. Provide Roaming Number,

HandOver

-. Prepare Handover , Send End Signal, Process Access Signal,Forward Access Signal, etc.

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MAP

Supplementary Service Control & Management

-. Register SS , Erease SS, Active ( Inactive) SS, Register Passwd, etc,

Operation and Maintenance-. ActiveTraceMode, DeactiveTraceMode, TraceSubsActivity etc.

-. Send IMSI ( 41c: Call Data Request )

Short Message Center Interface

-. Send Routing Info for SM, MO( MT) Forward SM, SM_REPORT_DELIVERY_STATUS, Location Service Interface

-. Routing Info For LCS, Etc,

CCBS/NMS System interface

IMEI ; Check IMEI,

4. CS4. CS --InterfaceInterface

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CAP : “CAMEL(Customized App. for Mobile Network Enhanced Logic)Application Part”의 약자

CS CAMEL Functional Entities

HLR

GMSC

gsmSCF

MSC

Forwarded leg

MSIncoming line

Visited NetworkInterrogating Ne twork

Home Network

gsmSSFVLRRoaming leg

CAP CAP 

MAP 

MAP  MAP 

gsmSSF

gsmSRFHome/Interrogating/Visited Network

CAP 

MO call - Outgoing leg(or Forwarding leg)

MAP 

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SSP (Service Switching Point)

사용자가 망으로 Access할 수 있음

호연결(통화)을 위한 교환기능/지능망의 제공

타 망요소의 동작제어를 수행하는 SCP 같은 망 요소와 통신기능 지능망 서비스의 감지기능

SCP (Service Control Point)

실제 지능망 서비스 처리에 필요한 기능 즉, 서비스 로직 프로그램 수행과 데이터 저장 기능

신호망을 통한 SSP, IP, SMS등과의 연계 기능

Service의 Reliability를 향상할 수 있는 Multi SCP 기능이 가능.

Computer Architecture & Environments

IP (Intelligent Peripheral)

주문화된 안내방송, 음성인식, DTMF 디지트등의 수집기능과 같은 자원을 가짐.

사용자와 망사이의 유연한 상호작용 제공.

하나 이상의 SSP와 연결되어 있음

신호망과의 연결이 가능하여 SCP로의 직접 연동이 가능함

지능망요소

4. CS4. CS --InterfaceInterface

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CAMEL (Custom ized Application for Mobile network Enhanced Logic)

Provides the mechanisms to support services consistently independently

of the serving network

Tool to allow network operator to provide subscribers the OperatorSpecific Services even when roam ing outside of the HPLMN (Virtual Home

Environment)

설계 목표

Home network operator의 통제 하에서의 single platform에 기본 서비

스 제공 GSM service와 그것들의 통합에 대한 충격 최소화

GSM architecture을 고려하여 비용을 최소화하고 기존의 노드들과 네트

웍 상호이용성을 이용 -> 기존의 GSM entity 사이에 MAP을 사용

Home Network service의 적용성 확장과 통합을 fully mobile service에

도 적용 가능하게 한다. -> phase approach 가능한 기존 고정망 IN CS-x의 기능들의 재사용 -> service control과

service switching 사이의 INAP을 사용

CAMEL정의

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감지점(Detection Point)처리 기능 : 감지점 감시 및 보고

CSI(CAMEL Subscription Information) 처리 기능

Basic Call State Model에 의한 발,착신 기본 이동 호처리 기능

부가 서비스 로직과의 서비스 상호작용 제어 기능

확장된 프로토콜

- HLR 및 VLR 간 MAP 기능 보완

- SCP와의 인터페이스를 위한 MAP 및 CAP 기능 추가

- IP와의 인터페이스를 위한 CAP 기능 추가

CAMEL Switching Point (MSC+gsmSSF)기능

4. CS4. CS --InterfaceInterface

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O-CSI (발신측 서비스)

발신측 서비스로 HLR에 가입자에 대해서 tri gger 한다.

Tri gger Detecti on Poi nt( TDP) :DP2인 col l ectedI nfo, DP4인 routeSel ectFai l ure

- col l ectedI nfo : Desti nati onNumber Cri teri a, Basi c Servi ce Cri teri a

Forwardi ng Cri teri a

- routeSel ectFai l ure : Rel ease Cause Code에 대한 Cri teri a *또는 #으로 시작하는 서비스 활용

TTL Ti ng, 지역할인, VPN 등 기존 지능망 서비스에 활용

CSI(CAMEL Subscriber Information)

가입자별로 DP를 지정한 정보

DP가 감지될 경우, SCP나 HLR로 Initial DP Operation을 수행

동기 망의 Origination Request수행을 위한 orig_trigger,

TTNR을 수행하는 term_trig와 유사 위치등록시 VLR에 저장됨

CSI종류

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D-CSI (발신측 서비스)

발신측 서비스로 SCP에 가입자에 대해서 서비스를 tri gger정보를 설정한다 .

Detecti on Poi nt( DP)로는 DP3인 anal ysedI nfo가 있다

TTL Ti ng, 지역할인, VPN 등 기존 지능망 서비스에 활용

N-CSI (발신측 서비스) 발신측 서비스로 MSC내부에서 특정번호에 대해서 Trigger정보를 설정한다 Tri gger Detecti on Poi nt( TDP)로는 DP3인 anal ysedI nfo가 있다

080서비스 등에 활용

T-CSI(착신측 서비스)

착신측 서비스로 HLR에 가입자에 대해서 trigger를 setting 한다 . TDP : DP12(termAttemptAuthorized), DP13(tBusy), DP14(tNoAnswer)

VT-CSI(착신측 서비스)착신측 서비스로 HLR에 가입자에 대해서 trigger정보를 설정한다 . TDP : DP12(termAttemptAuthorized), DP13(tBusy), DP14(tNoAnswer) CRS 에 사용된다

4. CS4. CS --InterfaceInterface

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PPS기본호처리

InitialDP (Service Key)

Connect (destinationRoutingAddress)InitialDP (Service Key)

CallInformationRequest (RequestedInformationType)

ApplyCharging(maxCallPeriodDuration)

RequestReportBCSMEvent(EventTypeBCSM)

Connect(destinationRoutingAddress)

Conversation

ApplyChargingReport

EventReportBCSM (EventTypeBCSM)

ApplyChargingReport

CallInformationReport (RequestedInformationValue)

ApplyCharging(maxCallPeriodDuration))

MSCO HLR IP MSCTSCP

4. CS4. CS --InterfaceInterface

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GMSCO-MSC MGWa

IAM[CalledNumber, CodecList]

VT-MSC MGWcMGWb

SendRoutingInformation[ CalledNumber ]

ProvideRoamingNumber

HLR

ProvideRoamingNumberAck[ MSRN ]SendRoutingInformationAck

[ MSRN ]

IAM [ MSRN, CodecList ]

APM[ BIWF Address, Codec list]

ADD.request ($)

ADD.reply (T5)

ALCAP(ERQ)

ALCAP(ECF)

UP(Initialization)

UP(Initialization_Ack)

ADD.request ($)

ADD.reply (T5)

MAP

BICC(Nc)

Mc

Nb

4. CS4. CS –– 호처리호처리((위치등록위치등록))

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Location Update Procedure Normal Location Update 및 Periodic Location Update으로 구분

Normal Location Update는 Attached된 단말의 이동에 의해 LA 변경 시 수행

Periodic Location Update는 Attached된 단말의 가용성을 주기적으로

Network로 통 보 시 수 행

RNC MSC

LOCATION UPDATE

location update

MM INFORMATION

SGSN

Iu_PS Gs

4. CS4. CS –– 호처리호처리(Detach)(Detach)

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Detach 및 Purge Procedure 단말의 비활성화(Power off 등) 상태 혹은 USIM이 단말로부터 제거 시 수행

처리 완료 후 Network는 해당 단말에 대해 Detached 상태로 표시

Detached 된 가입자에 대한 Purge 등록 Timer가 종료되면, 해당 가입자 정보를

삭제하고 HLR로 Purge MS 를 보냄 HLR은 해당 가입자에 대해 MS Purged 되었다고 설정 후, MSC로 Purge MSAck 통보

RNC MSC HLR

IMSI DETACH

IU RELEASE COMMAND

IU RELEASE COMPLETE

PURGE

purge

4. CS4. CS –– 호처리호처리((음성음성))

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기본호처리 : 3G Mobile To 3G Mobile

prn (MSRN)

PRN (IMSI)

SRI (MSISDN,NetSigInfo=speech)

sri (MSRN)

IAM

ACM

MSCO HLR MSCT

착신 WCDMA교환기에서는 Intl형태의 MSRN할당(82102092602xxxx) Dual Stack HLR에서는 Intl형태의 MSRN을 발신

WCDMA MSC로 전달(82102092602xxxx) 발신 WCDMA교환기는 HLR에서 받은 MSRN을 Natl형태로 변경후

ISUP진행(0102092602xxxx)

4. CS4. CS –– 호처리호처리((음성음성))

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기본호처리 : 2G Mobile To 3G Mobile

prn (MSRN)PRN (IMSI)

LOC (MDN)

loc (MSRN)

IAM

ACM

MSCO HLR MSCT

착신 WCDMA교환기에서는 Intl형태의 MSRN할당(82102092602xxxx) Dual Stack HLR에서는 Intl형태를 Natl형태로 변경한 MSRN을

2G MSC로 전달(0102092602xxxx)

발신 2G 교환기는 HLR에서 받은 MSRN(TLDN)으로 ISUP진행(0102092602xxxx)

4. CS4. CS –– 호처리호처리((음성음성))

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기본호처리 : 3G Mobile To 2G Mobile

rtr (TLDN)

RTR (MIN)

SRI (MSISDN, NetSigInfo=speech)

sri (TLDN)

IAM

ACM

MSCO HLR MSCT

착신 2G교환기에서는 Natl형태의 TLDN할당(193741xxxx) Dual Stack HLR에서는 Natl 형태를 Intl 형태로 변경한 MSRN을

3G MSC로 전달(8210193741xxxx) 발신 WCDMA교환기는 HLR에서 받은 MSRN을 Natl형태로 변경후 DEL=3처리 후

ISUP진행(010193741xxxx 193741xxxx)

4. CS4. CS –– 호처리호처리((영상통화영상통화))

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Setup(ITC=UDI ,ORA=H.223&H.245)

MS MSCO HLR MSCT MS

Call Proceeding

Setup(ITC=UDI,ORA=H.223&H.245)

SRIPRN

sriprn

IAM(TMR=64kbit/s unrestricted, USI=BC) Paging

Paging Response

H.245 Negotiation

Audio/Video over H.223

Call Confirmed

AlertConnect

Connect Ack

ACM

ANMAlert

Connect

Connect Ack

BC = (ITC='UDI''; ORA='H223&H245'; …),USI = BCBC:Bearer Capability, USI:User Service Information, ITC : Information Transfer Capability,UDI=Unrestricted digital information, ORA=Other Rate Adaptation

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5.5. PS(PacketPS(Packet Switched Network)Switched Network)

5. PS5. PS –– 주요노드주요노드

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SGSN • Mobility Management

• Session Management

• Authentication

• GTP tunneling to GGSN

• Interaction with HLR, MSC/VLR

• Charging & Statistics

이동가입자정보와라우팅정보저장

지능망서비스제어기

MSC,SGSN연동발,착신단문메시지전송

HLR

GMLC

SCP

SMSC

LCS(Location Service)제공

EIR IMEI저장

GGSN•Session Management

•GTP tunneling to SGSN

•Interfaces to external IP networks

•Charging & Statistics

AUC 인증센터로암호화,무결성 Key제공

5. PS5. PS –– 노드기능노드기능

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X

MS

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

XX

X

UTRAN

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

XX

X

SGSN

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

GGSN

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

HLR

X

X

X

X

Authentication and Authorization

Function

Admission Control

Network Access Control

Registration

Operator Determined Barring

Message Screening

Packet Routing and Transfer

Packet Terminal Adaptation

Charging Data Collection

Encapsulation

Relay

Tunneling

Routing

Address Translation and Mapping

Radio Resource Management

CompressionCiphering

Mobility Management

5. PS5. PS –– InterfaceInterface

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• Control Planes

RRC : Radio Resource Control

GMM : GPRS Mobility Management

SM : Session Management

SCCP : Signalling Connection Control Part

SB : Signalling Bearer

GGSNSGSNMS UTRAN

Signalling

UDP/IP

L2

Uu Iu-PS Gn Gi

UDP/IP

L2

SCCP

SBAAL5

SCCP

SBAAL5

RLC

MAC

RRC RANAP

Relay

MAC

RLC

RRC GTP-C

ATML1L1

ATM

RANAP

GMM,SM,SMS

GMM,SM,SMS

GTP-C

L1 L1

5. PS5. PS –– InterfaceInterface

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• User Planes

PDCP : Packet Data Convergence Protocol

GTP : GPRS Tunneling Protocol

UTRAN : UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network

RLC/MAC : Radio Link Control/Medium Access Control

GGSNSGSNMS UTRAN

End User IP ConnectivityIP,PPP

App

UDP/IP

L2

L1

IP,PPP

L2

Uu Iu-PS Gn Gi

UDP/IP

L2

L1

UDP/IP

AAL5

ATM

GTP-U GTP-U

Relay

UDP/IP

AAL5

ATM

RLC

MAC

L1

PDCP GTP-U

Relay

L1

MAC

RLC

PDCP GTP-U

5. PS5. PS –– InterfaceInterface

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• Control Planes

- MAP : Mobile Application Part (refer to 3G TS 29.002)- TCAP : Transaction Capability Application Part- SCCP : Signalling Connection Control Part

TCAP

SCCP

Signalling

Bearer

MAP

TCAP

SCCP

Signalling

Bearer

MAP

SGSN HLRGr

TCAP

SCCP

Signalling

Bearer

MAP

TCAP

SCCP

Signalling

Bearer

MAP

SGSN EIRGf

5. PS5. PS –– InterfaceInterface

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• Control Planes

- BSSAP+ : Base Station System Application Part + (refer to 3G TS 29.018)- MAP : Mobile Application Part (refer to 3G TS 29.002)- TCAP : Transaction Capability Application Part- SCCP : Signalling Connection Control Part

BSSAP+SCCP

Signalling

Bearer

BSSAP+SCCP

Signalling

Bearer

SGSN MSC/VLRGs

TCAP

SCCP

Signalling

Bearer

MAP

TCAP

SCCP

Signalling

Bearer

MAP

SGSN SMS-MSCGd

5. PS5. PS –– InterfaceInterface

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• Control Planes

- CAP : CAMEL Application Part- CAMEL : Customised Applications for Mobile network Enhanced Logic- TCAP : Transaction Capability Application Part- SCCP : Signalling Connection Control Part

TCAPSCCP

Signalling

Bearer

CAP

TCAPSCCP

Signalling

Bearer

CAP

SGSN SCPGe

5. PS5. PS –– InterfaceInterface

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• Control Planes

1) MAP-based GGSN – HLR signalling

2) GTP and MAP-based GGSN – HLR signalling

TCAP

SCCP

Signalling

Bearer

MAPTCAP

SCCP

Signalling

Bearer

MAP

GGSN HLRGc

TCAP

SCCP

Signalling

Bearer

MAP

TCAP

SCCP

Signalling

Bearer

MAP

HLRGc

UDP

IP

GSN

L2

L1

GTP-C

UDP

IP

GGSN

L2

L1

GTP-C

Gn

5. PS5. PS –– InterfaceInterface

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• SS7 Signalling Transport in CN

MTP2

MTP1

MTP3-User

MTP3

SCTP

IP

MTP3-User

M3UA

AAL5

MTP3 B

ATM

SSCF

SSCOP

MTP3-User

1) MTP-based SS7 signalling transport network

2) IP-based SS7 signalling transport network

3) ATM-based SS7 signalling transport network

- MTP : Message Transfer Part- SSCF: Service Specific Co-ordination Function- SSCOP: Service Specific Connection Oriented Protocol- M3UA : MTP3-User Adaptation- SCTP : Stream Control Transmission Protocol(RFC 2960)

5. PS5. PS –– 단말동작단말동작

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• 세가지 MS동작모드

– PS/CS동시모드

– PS모드

– CS모드

PS/CS ModePS Service and

CS Service Simultanously

PS Mode Only PS Service

CS Mode Only CS Service

5. PS5. PS –– 단말동작단말동작

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•두개의망동작모드

– Gs인터페이스의유무에따라구분

– Gs인터페이스에의한MSC/VLR과 SGSN의 Interaction이가능

Mode Network Configuration Combined Procedure

I Gs is present Yes

II Gs is not present No

5. PS5. PS –– 상태관리상태관리

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Two Iu signalling connections(“two RANAP instances”)

UTRAN

3G SGSN

HLR

3G MSC/VLR

UE

CS servicedomain

Two CN service domains

One RRC connection

UTRAN withdistributionfunctionality

PS servicedomain

Common subscriptiondata base

CS statePS state

PS stateCS state

CS location PS location

5. PS5. PS –– 상태관리상태관리(MM: Mobility Management)(MM: Mobility Management)

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PMM-DETACHED

PS Attach

PS SignallingConnection Release

PS SignallingConnection Establish

PS Detach(Implicit GPRS Detach)

PMM-CONNECTEDPMM-IDLE

Detach,PS Attach Reject,RAU Reject

PMM-DETACHED

PS Detach(MS ReachableTimer Expired)

PMM-CONNECTED

Serving RNC

relocation

SGSN MM StatesMS MM States

SM-ACTIVE orINACTIVE

SM-ACTIVE orINACTIVE

SM-ACTIVE orINACTIVE

SM-ACTIVE orINACTIVE

Detach,PS Attach Reject,RAU RejectPS Attach

PS SignallingConnection Establish

PS SignallingConnection Release

PMM-IDLE

5. PS5. PS –– 상태관리상태관리(SM: Session Management)(SM: Session Management)

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Deactivate PDP ContextorMM state change to PMM-DETACHED

Activate PDP Context

INACTIVE

ACTIVE

5. PS5. PS –– GMM & SMGMM & SM 관계관계

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INACTIVE

ACTIVE

IDLE

MM Context : O

Iu Signal : X

PDP Context : X

RAB : X

MM Context : O

Iu Signal : X

PDP Context : O

RAB : X

CONNECTED

MM Context : O

Iu Signal : O

PDP Context : X

RAB : X

MM Context : O

Iu Signal : O

PDP Context : O

RAB : ?

GMM state

SM state

5. PS5. PS –– 호처리호처리((위치등록위치등록))

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MS UTRAN new SGSN old SGSN GGSN EIR new

MSC/VLRHLR

old

MSC/VLR1.Attach Request

2.Identification Request

2.Identification Responsed3.Identity Request

3.Identity Reponse

4. Authentication

5. IMEI Check 

6a. Update Location

6b. Cancel Location

6c. Cancel Location

6d. Insert Subscriber Data

6e. Insert Subscriber Data Ack 

6f. Update Location Ack 

7a. Location Update Request

7b. Update Location

7d. Cancel Location Ack 

7c. Cancel Location

7e.Insert Subscriber Data

7f.Insert Subscriber Data Ack 

7g.Update Location Ack 7h. Location update Accept

c18a.Attach Accept

9.Attach Complete10. TMSI Reallocation Compete

5. PS5. PS –– 호처리호처리(Security)(Security)

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Security 기능 불법 사용 방지(망에 의한 MS 인증, 서비스 요청에 대한

Validation)

사용자 Identity에 대한 기밀성 유지(P-TMSI 할당) 사용자 데이터 및 시그널링 기밀성(Ciphering)

무결성 지원(Integrity Protection)

Authentication of the Network by the MS

1. Send Au thentication Info

2. Au thentication and Ciphering R equest

1. Send Authentication Info Ack 

2. Au thentication and Ciphering R espo nse

M S BSS/U T RAN H LRSG SN

5. PS5. PS –– 호처리호처리(Security)(Security)

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AuC의 보안 함수

인증벡터 (RAND, RES, CK, IK, AUTH) 생성

f1 : 네트웍 인증함수

f2 : 사용자 인증함수 f3 : 암호화 키 생성 함수 f4 : 무결성 키 생성 함수 f5 : 익명성 키 생성 함수

f1 : 네트웍 인증 함수

f2 : 사용자 인증 함수 f3 : 암호화 키생성 함수 f4 : 무결성 키생성 함수 f5 : 익명성 키생성 함수

Generate SQN

f1 f5f4f3f2

Generate RAND

SQN AMF

K

RAND

AKIKCKXRESMAC

AUTN := (SQN⊕ AK) || AMF || MAC

AV := RAND || XRES || CK || IK || AUTN

AV : Authentication Vector

AUTN : Authentication Token USIM이 Network 을 인증

XRES : Expected Response

Network 이 USIM을 인증MAC : Message Authentication Code

SQN : Sequence Number

AMF : Authentication Management

Field CK : Cipher Key

IK : Integrity Key

AK : Anonymity Key

VLR은 최대 5개까지의 AV 저장

AV : Authentication Vector

AUTN : Authentication Token USIM이 Network 을 인증

XRES : Expected Response

Network 이 USIM을 인증MAC : Message Authentication Code

SQN : Sequence Number

AMF : Authentication Management

Field CK : Cipher Key

IK : Integrity Key

AK : Anonymity Key

VLR은 최대 5개까지의 AV 저장

5. PS5. PS –– 호처리호처리(Security)(Security)

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USIM의 보안 함수

f1 f4f3f2

SQN

K

RAND

IKCKRESXMAC

Verify SQN

SQN⊕ AK AMF MAC

AUTN

⊕AK

f5

Veri fy MAC = XMAC

3G GGSN3G SGSNUTRANM S

5. PS5. PS –– 호처리호처리((세션설정세션설정))

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3G-GGSN

9. Activate PDP C ontext Accept

4. Create PD P Context Response

4. Create PD P Context Request

1. Activate PDP C ontext Request

3G-SGSNUTRANM S

5. Radio Access Bearer Setup

C1

C2

6. Invoke Trace

8. Update PDP Context Response

8. Update PDP Context Request

5. PS5. PS –– 호처리호처리((세션설정세션설정))

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MS SGSN GGSN

3. PDU Notification Request

HLR

1. PDP PDU

2. Send Routeing Inf o for GPRS

2. Send Routeing Info for GPRS Ack 

4. Request PDP Context Activation

5. PDP Context Activation procedure

3. PDU Notification Response

5. PS5. PS –– 호처리호처리((세션수정세션수정))

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GGSN

3. Update PDP Context Response

2. Update PDP Context Request

SGSNUTRANMS

1. Modify PDP Context Request

5. Modify PDP Context Accept

4. Radio Access Bearer Modification

C1

Visited OperatorVisited Operator

5. PS5. PS –– 호처리호처리((패킷로밍패킷로밍))

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Node-B RNC

SGSN

GGSN

Internet

VISITEDPLMN

HOMEPLMN

BG

BG

RootDNS

Inter-PLMNBackbone

VisitedDNS

GGSN

Home Operator Home Operator 

Visited Operator Visited Operator 

APN

1

2

3

4

5

8

HomeDNS

6

7

9

APN: my.isp.com .myoperator.fi.gprs

my.isp.com

myoperator.fi.gprs

1

3

4

5

6

2

7

8

9

방문 가입자가 home APN을 선택

단말이 "activate PDP context”를 송신

SGSN은 APN을 key로 visited DNS에 GGSN IP 어드레스를 질의

visited DNS 는 GPRS root DNS에 질의 : "who knows the IPaddress for this name?"

visited DNS는 home DNS에게 GGSN 어드레스를 질의

GPRS root DNS 는 visited DNS에게 home DNS 어드레스를 알려줌

Visited DNS는 SGSN 에 응답

SGSN은 home GGSN과 PDP context 생성

Home DNS는 GGSN IP 어드레스 응답

5. PS5. PS –– 호처리호처리((과금과금))

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Packet

networkInternet

GGSN

SGSN

Core Network

Access Network

MS

NodeB

RNC

CG

• M-CDR

• S-CDR

• S-SMO-CDR

• S-SMT-CDRBilling System

Data Flow

과금 정보

• G-CDR

QoS는 사용자가 느낄 수 있는 차별화 된 서비스를 말한다.

5. PS5. PS –– QoSQoS

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UMTS QoS 3GPP2는 QoS에 대해 특별히 정의하지 않았다. 3GPP는 QoS를 서비스의 주요한 요소로 정의하여 규격화

시켰다. 3GPP는 서비스를 4가지 Class로 구분하여 서비스를 제공하

도록 하고 있다.

QoS 관련 용어

DiffServ, RSVP Classifying Shaping Policing

Scheduling Marking

RF P k t S i

5. PS5. PS –– QoSQoS

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RF

Domain

Packet

Domain

Services

Domain

I n t rane t /

In ternet

Pac k et Net w ork

HLRHLRHLR SCPSCPSCP

GTPGTP

GGSNGGSNIuIu

Data CenterData Center

RNCRNCRNC

Policing

MarkingDSCP

Shaping

Scheduling

DiffServ Packet EdgeTreatment

LoadLoadBalancerBalancer

Preside QoS PolicyManagement/Control

Content Delivery Space

RRMRRM

SGSNSGSN

5. PS5. PS –– QoSQoS

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RNC Radio Resource Management Diffserv Marking Mapping Diffserv to ATM

HLR Subscriber Classification

SGSN Diffserv Marking for roamers

Negotiates between Requested and Subscribed QoS Key trigger to the RRM

GGSN Traffic Shaping/Policing Application Classification APN based policy management

Ext.

5. PS5. PS –– QoSQoS((제어제어))

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UMTS BSManager

TE Netw.MT UTRAN CN CN GW

Adm./Cap.

ControlTrans

l.

CN BSManag

er

Ext.BS

Manager

BB NSManag

er

UMTS BSManager

Adm./Cap.

Control

Iu BSManag

er

CN BSManag

er

Iu NSManag

er

BB NSManag

er

RABManager

Adm./Cap.

Control

Iu BSManag

er

Iu NSManag

er

UMTS BSManager

Adm./Cap.

ControlTrans

l.

LocalBS

Manager

RadioBS

Manager

UTRAPh.BS

Manag.

Subscr.

Control

RadioBS

Manager

UTRAPh.BS

Manag.

LocalServiceControl

Ext.ServiceControl

Protocol interface

Service primitive interface

BS = Bearer Service

NS = Network Service

Ext.

5. PS5. PS –– QoSQoS((데이터처리데이터처리))

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Resource

Manager

TE Netw.MT UTRAN CN CN GW

Class.

External BS

Cond.

Mapper

BB network

service

Iu network

serviceUTRA phys. BS

Local BSResour

ceManage

r

Resource

Manager

Resource

Manager

Resource

Manager

Resource

Manager

MapperMapperCond.

Class.

Cond.

: Data flow

5. PS5. PS –– QoS(ClassQoS(Class))

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Traffic

Class

Conversational

Class

Conversational RT

Streaming Class

Streaming RT

Interactive Class

Interactive Best

Effort

Background Class

Background Best

Effort

Fundamen

tal

Character

istics

Delay 값이작다 Delay값이크다 요청에대한응답이오는형태

어떤시간내에는응답이와야한다.

응답시간에대한기대값이없다.

Example

of theapplicatio

n

- Voice - Streaming video - Web browsing - BackgroundDownload of Emails

Application Classification

5. PS5. PS –– QoS(ClassQoS(Class))

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QoSInteractive

QoSconversational

QoSStreaming

QoSBackground

GoldUser

Priority Level

PreemptionMax BR

Guaranteed BRetc...

1

Yes384 kbit/s144 kbit/s

etc...

Silver

User

Priority LevelPreemption

Max BR

Guaranteed BRetc...

2No

144 kbit/s

64 kbit/setc...

BronzeUser

Priority LevelPreemption

Max BRGuaranteed BR

etc...

3No

144 kbit/s16 kbit/s

etc...

etc...

pp

Su

bscriber Cla

ssification

RAB QoS attributes

Traffic class

Maximum bitrate(UL / DL)

Guaranteed bit rate (UL / DL)Delivery order

Maximum SDU size

SDU error ratio

Residual bit error ratio

Delivery of erroneous SDUs

Transfer delay

Traffic handling priorityPre-emption Capability

Pre-emption Vulnerability

Queueing

Traffic Class

Conversational

classStreaming class Interactive class Background class

5. PS5. PS –– QoSQoS((속성값속성값))

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Maximum bit rate X X X X

Delivery order

Max SDU sizeSDU format

information

SDU error ratio

Residual bit error

ratio

Delivery of erroneousSDU

Transfer delay

Guaranteed Bit Rate

Traffic handling

priorityAllocation/Retention Priority

X X X X

X X X

XX

X X X

X X X

X X X

XX

XX

X

X XX

X

X

X

X

X

classg

X X

octet

1

Quality of service IEI

12345678

octet

1

Quality of service IEI

12345678

5. PS5. PS –– QoSQoS((포맷포맷))

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Octet16

Guaranteed bit rate for downlink (extended)

Octet15

Maximum bit rate for downlink (extended)

Octet

14

Source Statistics DescriptorSignal

-lingIndicat-ion

0 0 0

spare

Octet13

Guaranteed bit rate for downlink

Octet

12Guaranteed bit rate for uplink

Octet11

Traffic Handling priorityTransfer delay

Octet10

SDU error ratioResidual BER

Octet9

Maximum bit rate for downlink

Octet8

Maximum bit rate for uplink

Octet

7

Maximum SDU size

Octet6

Delivery of erroneous SDUDelivery orderTraffic Class

octet5Meanthroughput0 0 0spare

octet4

Precedenceclass

0spare

Peakthroughput

octet3

Reliabilityclass

Delayclass

0 0spare

Octet2

Length of quality of service IE

Octet16

Guaranteed bit rate for downlink (extended)

Octet15

Maximum bit rate for downlink (extended)

Octet

14

Source Statistics DescriptorSignal

-lingIndicat-ion

0 0 0

spare

Octet13

Guaranteed bit rate for downlink

Octet

12Guaranteed bit rate for uplink

Octet11

Traffic Handling priorityTransfer delay

Octet10

SDU error ratioResidual BER

Octet9

Maximum bit rate for downlink

Octet8

Maximum bit rate for uplink

Octet

7

Maximum SDU size

Octet6

Delivery of erroneous SDUDelivery orderTraffic Class

octet5Meanthroughput0 0 0spare

octet4

Precedenceclass

0spare

Peakthroughput

octet3

Reliabilityclass

Delayclass

0 0spare

Octet2

Length of quality of service IE

5. PS5. PS –– QoSQoS((속성값속성값))

16 000 h d (2) (3)16 000 h d (2) (3)16 000 (2)16 000 (2)M i bit t

Background classInteractive classStreaming classConversational classTraffic class

16 000 h d (2) (3)16 000 h d (2) (3)16 000 (2)16 000 (2)M i bit t

Background classInteractive classStreaming classConversational classTraffic class

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Yes/No (9)Signalling Indication

Speech/unknownSpeech/unknownSource statisticdescriptor

1,2,31,2,31,2,31,2,3Allocation/Retentionpriority

1,2,3 (9)Traffic handling priority

<= 16 000 (2)<= 16 000 (2)Guaranteed bit rate(kbps)

280 (8) – maximum value100 – maximum valueTransfer delay (ms)

10-3, 10-4, 10-610-3, 10-4, 10-610-1, 10-2, 7*10-3, 10-3, 10-4,10-5

10-2, 7*10-3, 10-3, 10-4, 10-5SDU error ratio

4*10-3, 10-5, 6*10-8 (7)4*10-3, 10-5, 6*10-8 (7)5*10-2, 10-2, 5*10-3, 10-3, 10-4,10-5, 10-6

5*10-2, 10-2, 5*10-3, 10-3, 10-4,10-5, 10-6

Residual BER

Yes/No/- (6)Yes/No/- (6)Yes/No/- (6)Yes/No/- (6)Delivery of erroneousSDUs

(5)(5)SDU formatinformation

<=1 500 or 1 502 (4)<=1 500 or 1 502 (4)<=1 500 or 1 502 (4)<=1 500 or 1 502 (4)Maximum SDU size(octets)

Yes/NoYes/NoYes/NoYes/NoDelivery order

<= 16 000 - overhead (2) (3)<= 16 000 - overhead (2) (3)<= 16 000 (2)<= 16 000 (2)Maximum bitrate(kbps)

Yes/No (9)Signalling Indication

Speech/unknownSpeech/unknownSource statisticdescriptor

1,2,31,2,31,2,31,2,3Allocation/Retentionpriority

1,2,3 (9)Traffic handling priority

<= 16 000 (2)<= 16 000 (2)Guaranteed bit rate(kbps)

280 (8) – maximum value100 – maximum valueTransfer delay (ms)

10-3, 10-4, 10-610-3, 10-4, 10-610-1, 10-2, 7*10-3, 10-3, 10-4,10-5

10-2, 7*10-3, 10-3, 10-4, 10-5SDU error ratio

4*10-3, 10-5, 6*10-8 (7)4*10-3, 10-5, 6*10-8 (7)5*10-2, 10-2, 5*10-3, 10-3, 10-4,10-5, 10-6

5*10-2, 10-2, 5*10-3, 10-3, 10-4,10-5, 10-6

Residual BER

Yes/No/- (6)Yes/No/- (6)Yes/No/- (6)Yes/No/- (6)Delivery of erroneousSDUs

(5)(5)SDU formatinformation

<=1 500 or 1 502 (4)<=1 500 or 1 502 (4)<=1 500 or 1 502 (4)<=1 500 or 1 502 (4)Maximum SDU size(octets)

Yes/NoYes/NoYes/NoYes/NoDelivery order

<= 16 000 - overhead (2) (3)<= 16 000 - overhead (2) (3)<= 16 000 (2)<= 16 000 (2)Maximum bitrate(kbps)

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6. IMS(IP Multimedia Subsystem)6. IMS(IP Multimedia Subsystem)

6. IMS6. IMS --개요개요

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Convergence

T ime

6. IMS6. IMS --개요개요

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IMS

NGN 유무선 통합 방송/통신 융합

- Network & Service Convergence

- Standard-based

IMS = IP Multimedia CN Subsystem

IP Multimedia Domain for call control based on SIP

6. IMS6. IMS --개요개요

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User/Service Profile Management

Session Triggering and Routing

Security and Charging QoS Control

Interworking with other networks(CS/PSTN)

Standardization

3GPP R5: Frozen in March/June 2002 3GPP R6: Frozen in March 2005

3GPP R7: Currently being specified, March 2007

Well-organized infrastructure for globally

interoperable IP multimedia services

Based on global standard

Needs for IP Multimedia services

Broadband access and growing customer needs forIP(internet) multimedia services

6. IMS6. IMS --개요개요

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P( r ) u s rv s

User experience improvement

Competition beween Telco and Internet (Skype,Yahoo,

Google,etc) Convergent network & services environment

FMC(Fixed-Mobile Convergence)

Telecommunication & Broadcasting convergence

Shorter Time-to-Market Market trends change faster and customer requirements

are getting various

Reduced CAPEX & OPEX Cost savings through efficient network and services

deployment

IMS Standard Evolution

3GPP

6. IMS6. IMS --개요개요

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3GPP

R5 IMS

3GPP2WLANOMA

3GPP

R6 IMS

3GPP

R7 IMS

ITU-T

TISPAN

ATIS

CableLabs

Fixed-MobileConvergence

(NGN IMS)

3GPP IMS Specification endorsement in another 3Gmobile(3GPP2), OMA, wireline NGN(ITU-T,TISPAN,ATIS) and cable(CableLabs)

Efficient Role & Responsibility between Standardbodies

Lesson learned from SIP standard history in IETF

Why Common IMS in all NGN?

3GPP IMS already fulfills the NGN requirements for IPmultimedia services

6. IMS6. IMS –– 개요개요

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multimedia services

Well organized for managed and carrier gradetelecom network and services

In R6 there already becomes applicable to a range ofaccess networks (3GPP,3GPP2,WLAN)

Globally Standardized Architecture

Common IMS over diverse Access Networks

Growing IMS market (Economy of Growth)

Wider choice of IMS suppliers and customers

Interoperability and Harmonization between Wireless/Wireline NGNs

IMS는 CDMA 및 UMTS의 망 진화과정의 필수 단계임

6. IMS6. IMS --개요개요

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IMS는 3GPP, 3GPP2, WLAN 모두에 공통사용 가능

따라서 CDMA 및 UMTS 사업을 동시에 진행하는 사업자(SKT, KTF 등)에게 NetworkDeployment 비용 절감, 운용비용 절감 효과가 있음

유선 NGN으로 확장 가능

Access Network에 Independent함

3GPP IMS표준이 사실상 유무선의 Reference가 되고 있음

2.3GHz Wibro와도 연결 가능 Access Control Router (ACR)을 통해서 IMS와 연동

따라서 IMS 도입은 CDMA, UMTS, 유무선 통합, 그리고 2.3GHz Mobile Internet까지 포함하는 망 진화/통합의 필수요건임

A ppl    i    cat   i    on

nctions

ANIApplications

*Application Support Functions & Service Support Functions

(may include own A uthentication, Authorization and Accounting)

6. IMS6. IMS –– 구성구성(ITU(ITU--T NGN)T NGN)

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Scope of NGN

Mana

gement fun

T-7:

Trunk

Media

Gatewa

y

FE

T-6:

Inter-

connection

BorderGateway FE

S-6: S.

Authentication &

Authorization FE

S-8: Access GW

Control FE

NACF RACF

Legacy

Terminal

RG W

Customer

Network

NG N

Terminal

Legacy

Terminal

S-11: User Signaling

Interworking FE

End-User

Function

S-3: Interrogating Call

Session Control FE

S-14: Media

Resource Broker FE

T-17: Transport

Resource Control FE

Access Packet T ransport Functions

T-2: Access

Node FE

T-1: Access

Media

Gateway

FE

T-3: Edge

Node FE

T-5:

AccessBorder

Gateway

FE

S-1: Serving Call Session Control FE

S-10: BreakoutGateway Control

FE

S-13: Media

Resource

Control FE

Core Packet Transport Functions

T-8:

Media

Resource

Processing

FE

T-12: T. User

Profile FE

T-4: Access

Relay FE

S-2: Proxy Call S ession

Control FE

T-10:

Network Access

Configuration F E

S-4: Subscription

Locator FE

S-5: S. User

Profile FE

S-4: Subscription

Locator FE

S-5: S. User

Profile FE

T-16: Policy Decision FE

S-12: Network

Signaling

Interworking F E

T-9:

Signalling

Gateway

FE

S-15:Multimedia

Service FE

NG N

UN I

Other NGN

RACF

T-14: Access Management FE

T-15: Home GateWay

Configuration FE

T-11:

T. Authentication

&Authorization

FE

T-16: Policy Decision FE

T-17: Transport

Resource Control FE

T-13: T. Location

management FE

other IP MM

Network 

(e.g. IMS)

PSTN/ISDN

S-9: Media

GW

Control FE

S-7:

Interconnection

Border Gateway

Control FE

Core transport 

Access transport 

Service control

Charging

Rf/Ro

Ut

6. IMS6. IMS –– 구성구성(TISPAN NGN)(TISPAN NGN)

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Ot  h er  I  P  N et  wor k s

IP Transport (Access and Core)

T-MGF

I-BGF

AS

UPSF

P-CSCF

I/S-CSCF

BGCF

SLF

Functions

IWF

«Core IMS»

Mw

Mw/Mk/Mm

Mr

Mg

Mj

Mi

Mp MnGm

Gq

ISC

Cx Dx

DhSh

Ic

Rf/Ro

Ib

Ia

Id

P S T N /  I  S D N 

SGFMRFC MGCF

MRFP

Resource and Admission Control Subsystem

NetworkAttachment

Subsystem

If

Ie

Mw

IBCF

Mk

Mk

UE

6. IMS6. IMS –– 구성구성(ATIS NGN)(ATIS NGN)

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Configuration of IMS entities

  IP Multimedia Networks Legacy mobile

6. IMS6. IMS –– 구성구성(3GPP(3GPP 구성구성))

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P-CSCF

M Subs stem

CSCF MGCF HSS

Cx 

IMS-MGW

PSTN 

Mn 

Mb

Mg

Mm

MRFP

Mb

Mr

Mb

g y

signalling Networks

CSCF

Mw

Mw 

Gm

BGCFMj

Mi

BGCF

Mk Mk  

C, D,

Gc, Gr

UE

Mb

Mb

Mb

MRFC

SLFDx 

Mp

PSTN

PSTN 

Gq

Home-network based services

Support of roaming users

6. IMS6. IMS –– 서비스서비스 개념개념

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UE

P-CSCF

Serving

CSCF

Home

Network 

Home/ Visited

Network 

Service

Platform

Gm

Mw

 

UE

P-CSCF

Serving

CSCF

Home

Network 

Home/Visited

Network 

External

Service

Platform

Gm

Mw

QoS requirements for IMS session Independence between QoS signalling and Session Control

6. IMS6. IMS –– 서비스서비스 개념개념

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Necessity for End-to-End QoS Signalling and ResourceAllocation

Restricted Resource Access at the IP BS Level Restricted Resource Access at the IP-Connectivity Access

Network (i.e. layer-2) Level

Co-ordination between Session Control and QoS

Signalling/Resource Allocation The Efficiency of QoS Signalling and Resource Allocation

Dynamic QoS Negotiation and Resource Allocation

Prevention of Theft of Service

Prevention of Denial of Service

QoS requirements for IMS signalling The UE shall be able to establish a dedicated signalling IP-

CAN bearer for IM Subsystem related signalling or utilize a

6. IMS6. IMS –– 서비스서비스 개념개념

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CAN bearer for IM Subsystem related signalling or utilize ageneral-purpose IP-CAN bearer for IM subsystem signallingtraffic

The use of a dedicated signalling IP-CAN bearer for IMSubsystem related signalling may provide enhanced QoSfor signalling traffic

The IP-CAN shall be able to identify IM CN subsystem

signalling traffic in order for the operator to decide on whatparticular rating to apply to the IM CN subsystem signallingtraffic

Identification of users : Private user identities

The private identity is assigned by the home networkoperator, and used, for example, for Registration,A th i ti Ad i i t ti d A ti

6. IMS6. IMS –– Naming & AddressingNaming & Addressing

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Authorisation, Administration, and Accounting purposes

This identity shall take the form of a Network Access

Identifier (NAI) as defined in RFC 2486 It is possible for a representation of the IMSI to be

contained within the NAI for the private identity

This Identity is not used for routing of SIP messages

An ISIM application shall securely store one Private UserIdentity

This Identity identifies the subscription, not the user

This Identity is used to identify the user's information (forexample authentication information) stored within the HSS(for use for example during Registration)

This Identity is authenticated on ly during registration of theuser

Identification of users : Public user identities

The Public User Identity/identities are used by any user forrequesting communications to other users

6. IMS6. IMS –– Naming & AddressingNaming & Addressing

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Both telecom numbering and Internet naming schemes canbe used to address users

This Identity/identities shall take the form of a SIP URI (asdefined in RFC 3261 and RFC 2396) or the "tel:"-URI formatRFC 3966

An ISIM application shall securely store at least one Public

User Identity A Public User Identity shall be registered either explicitly or

implicitly

Public User Identities may be used to identify the user'sinformation within the HSS (for example during mobile

terminated session set-up)

Public User Identities are not authenticated by the networkduring registration

Identification of users : Routing of SIP signalling

within IMS

Routing of SIP signalling within the IMS shall use SIP URIs

6. IMS6. IMS –– Naming & AddressingNaming & Addressing

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g g gor other(non SIP) AbsoluteURIs(RFC3761,RFC3966)

Routing of SIP signalling within the IMS using AbsoluteURI(non SIP) shall only be supported for IMS signalling fromIMS user to external networks

E.164 format Public User Identities shall not be used forrouting within the IMS

Session requests based upon E.164 format Public UserIdentities will require conversion into SIP URI format forinternal IMS usage

Identification of users : Handling of dialled number

formats

When using a phone number as the dialled address, the UE

6. IMS6. IMS –– Naming & AddressingNaming & Addressing

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When using a phone number as the dialled address, the UEcan provide this number in the form of a SIP URI or a TELURI

This phone number can be in the form of E.164 format(prefixed with a '+' sign), or a local format using localdialling plan and prefix

The IMS will interpret the phone number with a leading '+' to

be a fully defined international number

Identification of users : Relationship of Private and

Public User IdentitiesPublic

User IdentityService

6. IMS6. IMS –– Naming & AddressingNaming & Addressing

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IMS

Subscription

Private

User Identity

Public

User Identity

Public

User Identity

Service

Profile

Service

Profile

Private UserIdentity-1

Private UserIdentity-2

Public UserIdentity - 1 

Public UserIdentity - 2 

Public UserIdentity - 3 

ServiceProfile-1

ServiceProfile-2

IMSSubscription

Identification of network nodes The CSCF, BGCF and MGCF nodes shall be identifiable

using a valid SIP URI (Host Domain Name or Network

6. IMS6. IMS –– Naming & AddressingNaming & Addressing

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using a valid SIP URI (HostDomain Name or NetworkAddress) on those interfaces supporting the SIPprotocol(e.g.Gm,Mw,Mm,and Mg)

E.164 address to SIP-URI resolution in an IMS

The S-CSCF shall support the ability to translate the E.164address contained in a Request-URI in the non-SIP URITel: URI format IETF RFC 3966 to a SIP routable SIP URIusing an ENUM DNS translation mechanism with the formatas specified in IETF RFC 3761

If this translation fails, then the session may be routed to

the PSTN or appropriate notification shall be sent to themobile, depending on network operator configuration

Public Service Identities With the introduction of standardized presence, messaging,

conferencing, and group service capabilities in IM CN

6. IMS6. IMS –– Naming & AddressingNaming & Addressing

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g, g p psubsystem, there is a need for Public Service Identities(PSIs) which are hosted by Application Servers

Public Service Identities are used to identify groups. Forexample a chat-type service may use a Public ServiceIdentity (e.g. sip:[email protected] ) to which theusers establish a session to be able to send and receive

messages from other session participants Public Service Identities shall take the form as defined in

TS 23.003

The IMS shall provide the capability for users to create,

manage, and use Public Service Identities under control ofAS

Proxy CSCF

the first contact point within the IM CN subsystem

P-CSCF behaves like a Proxy, i.e. it accepts requests and

6. IMS6. IMS –– 노드노드

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services them internally or forwards them on

P-CSCF shall not modify the Request URI in the SIP INVITEmessage

P-CSCF may behave as a User Agent, i.e. in abnormalconditions it may terminate and independently generate SIPtransactions

Generation of CDRs Maintain a Security Association between itself and each UE,

as defined in TS 33.203

Should perform SIP message compression/decompression

Interrogating CSCF

the contact point within an operator's network for allconnections destined to a user of that network operator, or

i tl l t d ithi th t t k

6. IMS6. IMS –– 노드노드

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a roam ing user currently located within that networkoperator's service area

Registration Assigning a S-CSCF to a user performing SIP registration

Session-related and session-unrelated flows

Route a SIP request received from another network towards

the S-CSCF Obtain from HSS the Address of the S-CSCF

Forward the SIP request or response to the S-CSCFdeterm ined by the step above

Generation of CDRs

operator may use a Topology Hiding Inter-network Gateway(THIG) function in the I-CSCF

Serving CSCF

performs the session control services for theoriginating/terminating UE

6. IMS6. IMS –– 노드노드

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May behave as a Registrar, i.e. it accepts registrationrequests and makes its information available through the

location server (HSS)

May behave as a Proxy Server, i.e. it accepts requests andservices them internally or forwards them on, possibly aftertranslation

May behave as a User Agent, i.e. it may terminate andindependently generate SIP transactions

Interaction with Services Platforms for the support ofServices

Provide endpoints with service event related information(e.g. notification of tones/announcement together withlocation of additional media resources, billing notification)

Generation of CDRs

Breakout Gateway Control Function

Receives request from S-CSCF to select appropriatePSTN/CS Domain break out point for the session

6. IMS6. IMS –– 노드노드

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Select the MGCF in the network in which the interworkingwith PSTN/CS Domain is to occur and forward the SIP

signalling to that MGCF

If the interworking is in another network, then the BGCF willforward the SIP signalling to the BGCF of that network

If the interworking is in another network and network hiding is

required by the operator, the BGCF will forward the SIPsignaling via an I-CSCF(THIG) toward the BGCF of the othernetwork

Generation of CDRs

Multimedia Resource Function Controller (MRFC)

Control the media stream resources in the MRFP

Interpret information com ing from an AS and S-CSCF (e.g.session identifier) and control MRFP accordingly

6. IMS6. IMS –– 노드노드

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session identifier) and control MRFP accordingly

Generate of CDRs

Multimedia Resource Function Processor (MRFP) Control of the bearer on the Mb reference point

Provide resources to be controlled by the MRFC

Mixing of incom ing media streams (e.g. for multiple parties)

Media stream source (for multimedia announcements)

Media stream processing (e.g. audio transcoding, media analysis)

Floor Control (i.e. manage access rights to shared resources in aconferencing environment)

Application Server with regards to MRF

Conference booking and management of booking information

Procedures related to local CSCF discovery

DHCP/DNS procedure for P-CSCF discovery

UE IP-CAN

 DHCP Server

DNS

Server

6. IMS6. IMS –– 호처리호처리((등록등록))

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Server  Server  

1.IP-CAN Bearer

Establishment

 

2. DHCP- Query/ 

Response

2. DHCP-

Relay

3. DNS- Query/Response

Registration information flow – User not registered 

P-CSCF HSSI-CSCF

1 R i t

UE

Visited Network Home Network  

S-CSCF

6. IMS6. IMS –– 호처리호처리((등록등록))

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1. Register

2. Register

3. Cx-Query/Cx-Select-Pull 

4. Cx-Query Resp/Cx-Select-Pull Resp

7. Cx-Put Resp/Cx-Pull Resp

5. Register

9. 200 OK

10. 200 OK11. 200 OK

6. Cx-put/Cx-Pull

8. Service Control

Re-Registration information flow – User currently registered

 

P-CSCF HSSI-CSCFUE

Visited Network Home Network

S-CSCF

6. IMS6. IMS –– 호처리호처리((등록등록))

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1. Register

2. Register

3. Cx-Query

4. Cx-Query Resp 

5. Register

9 . 200 OK

10. 200 OK11. 200 OK

6. Cx-put/Cx-Pull

7. Cx-put Resp/Cx-Pull Resp

8. Service Control

 

Mobile initiated de-registration (Expires: 0)

P-CSCF HSSI-CSCFUE

Visited Network Home Network  

1 REGISTER

S-CSCF

6. IMS6. IMS –– 호처리호처리((등록등록))

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1. REGISTER

2. REGISTER

3. Cx-Query

4. Cx-Query-Resp

5. REGISTER

9. 200 OK

10. 200 OK

11. 200 OK

7. Cx-Put

8. Cx-Put Resp

6. Service Control

Network initiated de-registration, Registration Timeout

S-CSCFP-CSCF HSSUE

1. TimerExpires

1. TimerExpires

6. IMS6. IMS –– 호처리호처리((등록등록))

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3. Cx-Put

4. Cx-Put-Resp

2. Service Control

Network initiated de-registration, Administrative

P-CSCF HSSS-CSCF

7. Cx-Deregister

Resp.

1. Cx-Deregister

3. Deregister

5. OK 200

UE 

4 . UE Inform 

6 . OK 200 

2. Service Control

P-CSCF HSSS-CSCF

6. Cx-Put

7. Cx-Put resp

2. Deregister

4. OK 200

UE

3. UE Inform

5. OK 200

1. Service Control

Overview of session flow procedures

UE#1 S-CSCF#1 S-CSCF#2 UE#2

6. IMS6. IMS –– 호처리호처리(Multimedia(Multimedia 세션연결세션연결))

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One of the S-CSCF to S-CSCF Invitesequence information flows inserted

here

One of the MO InviteSequence information

flows inserted here

One of the MT InviteSequence information

flows inserted here

(MO#1) Mobile origination, roaming

(MO#2) Mobile origination, home

(PSTN-O) PSTN origination

(MT#1) Mobile termination, roaming

(MT#2) Mobile termination home

Overview of session flow procedures

6. IMS6. IMS –– 호처리호처리(Multimedia(Multimedia 세션연결세션연결))

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(PSTN O) PSTN origination

(NI-O) Non-IMS network origination

(external SIP client)(AS-O) Application Server origination

(S-S#1) Session origination and termination

are served by different network operators(S-S#2) Session origination and termination

are served by the same operator

(S-S#3) Session origination with PSTN termination

in the same network as the S-CSCF

(S-S#4) Session origination with PSTN terminationin a different network to the S-CSCF

(MT#2) Mobile termination, home

(MT#3) Mobile termination, CS Domain

roaming(PSTN-T) PSTN termination

(NI-T) Non-IMS network termination

(AS-T#1) PSI based Application Server

termination, direct

(AS-T#2) PSI based Application Servertermination, indirect

(AS-T#3) PSI based Application Server

termination, direct, using DNS

(AS-T#4) PUI based Application Server

termination, indirect

1 . I N V I T E

3 . I N V I T E

U E # 1 P - C S C F S - C S C F

5 . E v a l u a t i o n o f I n i t i a lF i l t e r C r i t e r i a s

2 . 1 0 0 ( T r y i n g )

4 . 1 0 0 ( T r y i n g )

V i s i t e d N e t w o r k H o m e N e t w o r k

6. IMS6. IMS –– 호처리호처리(Mobile Origination, Roaming)(Mobile Origination, Roaming)

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2 7 . 1 8 0 ( R i n g i n g )

8 . 1 8 3 ( S e s s i o nP r o g r e s s )

1 1 . 1 8 3 ( S e s s i o nP r o g r e s s )

1 2 . P R A C K

1 6 . 2 0 0 ( O K )

2 5 . 1 8 0 ( R i n g i n g )

2 8 . P R A C K

3 1 . 2 0 0 ( O K )

3 5 . 2 0 0 ( O K )

3 7 . 2 0 0 ( O K )

1 9 . U P D A T E

2 2 . 2 0 0 ( O K )

3 8 . A C K

6 . I N V I T E

2 6 . 1 8 0 ( R i n g i n g )

9 . 1 8 3 ( S e s s i o nP r o g r e s s )

3 4 . 2 0 0 ( O K )

1 3 . R e s o u r c eR e s e r v a t i o n

F i l t e r C r i t e r i a s

7 . 1 0 0 ( T r y i n g )

1 4 . P R A C K 1 5 . P R A C K

1 7 . 2 0 0 ( O K )1 8 . 2 0 0 ( O K )

2 0 . U P D A T E2 1 . U P D A T E

2 3 . 2 0 0 ( O K )2 4 . 2 0 0 ( O K )

2 9 . P R A C K 3 0 . P R A C K

3 2 . 2 0 0 ( O K )3 3 . 2 0 0 ( O K )

3 9 . A C K4 0 . A C K

1 0 . A u t h o r i z e Q o S r e s o u r c e s

3 6 . A p p r o v a l o f Q o S c o m m i t

4 IN V IT E

S -C S C F # 1 S -C S C F # 2I- C S C F

H S S

1 . IN V IT E

H om e N e tw o rk # 2O r ig in a t in g N e tw o rk T e rm in a t in g N e tw o rk

2 . 1 0 0 T r y i n g

3 . E v a l u a t io n o f

i n i t i a l f i lt e c r i t e r ia s

H o m e N e tw o rk # 1

6. IMS6. IMS –– 호처리호처리(Session Origination & Termination by Other)(Session Origination & Termination by Other)

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4 . IN V IT E

2 9 . 1 8 0 R i n g i n g

1 3 . 1 8 3 S e s s i o n

P r o g r e s s

1 6 . P R A C K

1 9 . 2 0 0 O K

3 2 P R A C K

3 5 . 2 0 0 O K

3 9 . 2 0 0 O K

2 2 . U P D A T E

2 5 . 2 0 0 O K

42 . A C K

7 IN V IT E

1 4 . 1 8 3 S e s s i o n

P r o g r e s s1 5 . 1 8 3 S e s s i o n

P r o g r e s s

1 0. IN V IT E

1 2 . 1 8 3 S e s s i o n

P r o g r e s s

2 8 . 1 8 0 R i n g i n g

3 1 . 1 8 0 R i n g i n g

3 8 . 2 0 0 O K

4 1 . 2 0 0 O K

3 0 . 1 8 0 R i n g i n g

4 0 . 2 0 0 O K

8 . 1 0 0 T r y i n g

1 1 . 1 0 0 T r y i n g

1 7 . P R A C K1 8 . P R A C K

5 . 1 0 0 T r y i n g

2 0 . 2 0 0 O K2 1 . 2 0 0 O K

2 3 . U P D A T E2 4 . U P D A T E

2 6 . 2 0 0 O K

2 7 . 2 0 0 O K

3 3 . P R A C K3 4 . P R A C K

3 6 . 2 0 0 O K

3 7 . 2 0 0 O K

43 . A C K

44 . A C K

9 . E v a l u a t i o n o f

n i t i a l f i l t r c r i t e r ias

6 . C x : U s e r l o c a t i o n q u e r y

4 . I N V I T E

S - C S C F P - C S C F

U E # 2

1 . I N V I T E

3 . E v a l u a t i o n o f i n i t i a lf i l t e r c r i t e r i a s

2 . 1 0 0 ( T r y i n g )

5 1 0 0 ( T r y i n g )

H o m e N e t w o r k V i s i t e d N e t w o r k

6. IMS6. IMS –– 호처리호처리(Mobile Termination, Roaming)(Mobile Termination, Roaming)

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2 5 . 1 8 0 ( R i n g i n g )2 6 . 1 8 0 ( R i n g i n g )

7 . 1 0 0 ( T r y i n g )

1 0 . 1 8 3 ( S e s s i o nP r o g r e s s )

1 2 . P R A C K

1 7 . 2 0 0 ( O K )

2 8 . P R A C K

3 1 . 2 0 0 ( O K )

3 4 . 2 0 0 ( O K )

3 6 . 2 0 0 ( O K )

1 9 . U P D A T E

6 . I N V I T E

3 8 . A C K

1 1 . 1 8 3 ( S e s s i o nP r o g r e s s )

2 7 . 1 8 0 ( R i n g i n g )

3 7 . 2 0 0 ( O K )

1 8 . R e s o u r c eR e s e r v a t i o n

5 . 1 0 0 ( T r y i n g )

8 . 1 8 3 ( S e s s i o n

P r o g r e s s )

1 3 . P R A C K1 4 . P R A C K1 5 . 2 0 0 ( O K )

1 6 . 2 0 0 ( O K )

2 1 . U P D A T E2 2 . 2 0 0 ( O K )

2 4 . 2 0 0 ( O K )

2 9 . P R A C K3 0 . P R A C K

3 2 . 2 0 0 ( O K )

3 3 . 2 0 0 ( O K )

3 9 . A C K4 0 . A C K

2 0 . U P D A T E

2 3 . 2 0 0 ( O K )

9 . A u t h o r i z e Q o S R e s o u r c e s

3 5 . A p p r o v a l o f Q o S c o m m i t

Mobile terminal initiated session release

 UES-CSCFUE 

Home Network

P-CSCF/PCFIP-CAN

Visited Network

IP-CAN

 

Visited Network

P-CSCF/PCF S-CSCF 

Home Network 

1. Hangup 

6. IMS6. IMS –– 호처리호처리((세션해제세션해제))

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14. Rls Response

12. SIP OK

5. Hangup

15. SIP OK13. Release resource16. SIP OK

7. Hangup

17. SIP OK

4. Remove authorisation

6. Service Control

8. Service Control

9. Hangup

10. Remove authorisation

11. Hangup

3. Rls Response

2. Release resource

18. SIP OK 

for bearer resources

 

for bearer resources

 

Network initiated session release - S CSCF Initiated

UE#1 P-CSCF#1

2. Hangup

3 Remove resource

S-CSCF#2 P-CSCF#2 UE#2S-CSCF#1

1. Service Control

6. IMS6. IMS –– 호처리호처리((세션해제세션해제))

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6. SIP OK7. SIP OK

4. Hangup

3. Remove resource

authorization

10. Hangup

14. SIP OK15. SIP OK

12. Hangup

9. Service Control

11.Remove resource

authorization

8. Hangup

16. SIP OK

5. Stop media flow;

release resources

13. Stop media flow;

release resources

참고자료참고자료

3GPP TS 21.905 Vocabulary for 3GPP Specifications

3GPP TS 23.002 Network Architecture

3GPP TS 23.003 Numbering, Addressing and Identification

3GPP TS 23.205 Bearer-independent circuit-switched core network; Stage 2

3GPP TS 25.410 UTRAN Iu Interface: General Aspects and Principles

3GPP TS 25.411 UTRAN Iu interface Layer 1

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3GPP TS 25.412 UTRAN Iu interface signalling transport

3GPP TS 25.413 UTRAN Iu interface RANAP signalling

3GPP TS 25.414 UTRAN Iu interface data transport & transport signalling3GPP TS 25.415 UTRAN Iu interface user plane protocols

3GPP TS 25.953 TrFO/TFO

3GPP TS 23.060 General Packet Radio Service

3GPP TS 23.107 QoS Concept and Architecture

3GPP TS 29.002 Mobile Application Part (MAP) specification

3GPP TS 29.232 Media Gateway Controller (MGC) -Media Gateway (MGW) interface; Stage 3

3GPP TS 23.207 End-to-End QoS Concept and Architecture

3GPP TS 23.221 Architecture Requirements(Release 5)

3GPP TS 23.228 IP Multimedia Subsystem

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Thank You!