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• Water Management
https://store.theartofservice.com/the-water-management-toolkit.html
Infrastructure - Water management infrastructure
1 Drinking water supply, including the system of pipes, storage reservoirs,
pumps, valves, filtration and treatment equipment and meters,
including buildings and structures to house the equipment, used for the
collection, treatment and distribution of drinking water
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Infrastructure - Water management infrastructure
1 Major flood control systems (dikes, levees, major pumping stations and floodgates)
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Infrastructure - Water management infrastructure
1 Large-scale snow removal, including fleets of salt spreaders, snow plows,
snowblowers, dedicated dump trucks, sidewalk plows, the
dispatching and routing systems for these fleets, as well as fixed assets such as snow dumps, snow chutes,
snow melters
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Infrastructure - Water management infrastructure
1 Coastal management, including structures such as seawalls,
breakwaters, groynes, floodgates, as well as the use of soft engineering
techniques such as beach nourishment, sand dune stabilization
and the protection of mangrove forests and coastal wetlands.
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Environmental degradation - Water management
1 The issue of the depletion of fresh water can be met by increased efforts in water
management. While water management systems are often flexible, adaptation to new
hydrologic conditions may be very costly. Preventative approaches are necessary to
avoid high costs of inefficiency and the need for rehabilitation of water supplies, and
innovations to decrease overall demand may be important in planning water sustainability.
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Environmental degradation - Water management
1 Re-examining engineering designs, operations, optimizations, and
planning, as well as re-evaluating legal, technical, and economic approaches to manage water
resources are very important for the future of water management in response to water degradation
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Telemetry - Water management
1 Telemetry is important in water management, including water quality and stream gauge|
stream gauging functions. Major applications include AMR (automatic meter reading),
groundwater monitoring, leak detection in distribution pipelines and equipment
surveillance. Having data available in almost real time allows quick reactions to events in the field. Telemetry control allows you to intervene with assets such as pumps and allows you to
remotely switch pumps on or off depending on the circumstances.
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Tar sand - Water management
1 Between 2 to 4.5 volume units of water are used to produce each
volume unit of synthetic crude oil in an ex-situ mining operation.
According to Greenpeace, the Canadian oil sands operations use of
water, twice the amount of water used by the city of Calgary.
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Tar sand - Water management
1 Despite recycling, almost all of it ends up in tailings ponds. , tailing
ponds in Canada covered an area of approximately . However, in SAGD operations, 90–95% of the water is recycled and only about 0.2 volume units of water is used per volume
unit of bitumen produced.
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Tar sand - Water management
1 For the Athabasca oil sand operations water is supplied from the Athabasca
River, the ninth longest river in Canada.
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Tar sand - Water management
1 The average flow just downstream of Fort McMurray is with its highest daily average
measuring .
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Tar sand - Water management
1 Oil sands industries water license allocations totals about 1.8% of the Athabasca river flow. Actual use in
2006 was about 0.4%.
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Tar sand - Water management
1 In addition, according to the Water Management Framework for the Lower Athabasca River, during periods of low river flow water
consumption from the Athabasca River is limited to 1.3% of annual
average flow.
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Tar sand - Water management
1 In December 2010, the Oil Sands Advisory Panel, commissioned by former
environment minister Jim Prentice, found that the system in place for monitoring
water quality in the region, including work by the Regional Aquatic Monitoring
Program, the Alberta Water Research Institute, the Cumulative Environmental
Management Association and others, was piecemeal and should become more
comprehensive and coordinated.https://store.theartofservice.com/the-water-management-toolkit.html
Tar sand - Water management
1 A major hindrance to the monitoring of oil sands produced waters has been the lack of identification of individual compounds present
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Tar sand - Water management
1 In October 2009, Suncor announced it was seeking government approval for a new process to recover tailings called Tailings Reduction Operations, which accelerates the settling of fine
clay, sand, water, and residual bitumen in ponds after oil sands
extraction
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Tar sand - Water management
1 In January 2013, scientists from Queen's University published a report
analyzing lake sediments in the Athabasca region over the past fifty
years
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Tar sand - Water management
1 The Pembina Institute suggested that the huge investments by many companies in Canadian
oil sands leading to increased production results in excess bitumen with no place to store it. It added that by 2022 a month’s
output of waste-water could result in a 11-feet deep toxic reservoir the size of New York City’s
Central Park [840.01 acres (339.94 ha) (3.399km²)].http://www.bloomberg.com/news/
2013-11-22/oil-sands-miners-play-russian-roulette-with-toxic-water.html
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Water management
1 'Water resource management' is the activity of planning, developing, distributing and
managing the optimum use of water resources. It is a sub-set of water cycle management. Ideally, water resource
management planning has regard to all the competing demands for water and seeks to
allocate water on an equitable basis to satisfy all uses and demands. As with other
resource management, this is rarely possible in practice.
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Water management - Managing water in urban settings
1 Half of the world’s people now live in towns and cities, a figure expected to
reach two-thirds by 2050
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Water management - Managing water in urban settings
1 Developing world countries tend to have the lowest levels of wastewater treatment
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Water management - Managing water in urban settings
1 This involves analysing the food production process from growing
crops to selling them in markets and eating them, then considering where
it might be possible to create a barrier against contamination
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Integrated urban water management
1 One of the early champions of IUWM, SWITCH is a research program
funded by the European Union and seeks to shift urban water
management away from Ad Hoc solutions to a more integrated
approach
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Integrated urban water management
1 IUWM is commonly seen as a strategy for achieving the goals of Water Sensitive Urban
Design
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Integrated urban water management - Components
1 Activities under the IUWM include the
following:
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Integrated urban water management - Components
1 *Improve water supply and
consumption efficiency
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Integrated urban water management - Components
1 *Increase economic efficiency of services to sustain operations and investments for water, wastewater,
and stormwater management
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Integrated urban water management - Components
1 *Utilize alternative water sources, including rainwater, and reclaimed and treated water
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Integrated urban water management - Components
1 *Engage communities to reflect their needs and knowledge for water management
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Integrated urban water management - Components
1 *Support capacity development of personnel and institutions that are engaged in IUWM
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Integrated urban water management - Components
1 According to Australia's Commonwealth Scientific and
Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), IUWM requires the
management of the urban water cycle in coordination with the
hydrological water cycle which are significantly altered by urban
landscapes and its correlation to increasing demand
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Integrated urban water management - Challenges
1 One of the most significant challenges for IUWM could be securing a consensus on the definition of IUWM and the
implementation of stated objectives at operational stages of projects
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Integrated urban water management - Approaches
1 *The Agenda 21 (UN Department for Sustainable Development, 1992) has worked out the Dublin Principles for
Integrated water resources management in more detail for urban
areas. One of the objectives of Agenda 21 is to develop
environmentally sound management of water resources for urban use.
https://store.theartofservice.com/the-water-management-toolkit.html
Integrated urban water management - Approaches
1 *'The Bellagio Statement' formulated by the Environmental Sanitation
Working Group of the Water Supply and Sanitation Collaborative Council in 2000 include principals such as:
Human dignity, quality of life, environmental security, an open stakeholder process, and many
others.
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Integrated urban water management - Approaches
1 *The 'UNEP 3 Step Strategic Approach' developed in 2005 is based on the application of the
Cleaner Production approach that has been successful in the industrial
sector. The three steps are: Prevention, Treatment for reuse, and Planned discharge with stimulation of
self-purification capacity.
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Integrated urban water management - Approaches
1 *'UNESCO's Institute for Water Education' seeks to build on the progress made by the Bellagio Statement and UNEP's 3-step
approach by developing the SWITCH approach to IUWM. Components
include: the addition of a sustainability assessment, new
methods of planning urban water systems, and modifications to
planning and strategy development.https://store.theartofservice.com/the-water-management-toolkit.html
International Water Management Institute
1 The 'International Water Management Institute (IWMI)' is a non-profit research
organisation with headquarters in Colombo, Sri Lanka, and offices across
Africa and Asia. Research at the Institute focuses on improving how water and land resources are managed, with the aim of underpinning food security and
reducing poverty while safeguarding vital environmental processes.
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International Water Management Institute
1 As water becomes scarcer, there is a growing need to find ways to produce
sufficient food to feed the world’s expanding population, while using
less water, safeguarding fragile environmental services and without having much opportunity to open up new agricultural lands. The Institute undertakes research projects with
this aim in mind. https://store.theartofservice.com/the-water-management-toolkit.html
International Water Management Institute
1 In 2012, IWMI was awarded the prestigious Stockholm Water Prize Laureate by
Stockholm International Water Institute for its pioneering research, which has helped to improve agricultural water management,
enhance food security, protect environmental health and alleviate poverty in developing
countries.[http://www.dailynews.lk/2012/03/26/news20.asp SL-based IWMI wins world's
most prestigious Water Prize], Daily News, 26 March 2012
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International Water Management Institute
1 IWMI is a member of CGIAR, a global research partnership that unites
organizations engaged in research for sustainable development, and leads the
CGIAR Research Program on Water, Land and Ecosystems. IWMI is also a partner in the
CGIAR Research Programs on: Aquatic Agricultural Systems (AAS); Climate Change,
Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS); Dryland Systems; and Integrated Systems
for the Humid Tropics.
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International Water Management Institute - Early focus on irrigation
1 The Institute was originally founded under the name 'International
Irrigation Management Institute' (IIMI) in 1985 by the Ford Foundation
and the Government of Sri Lanka, supported by the Consultative Group
on International Agricultural Research and the World Bank
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International Water Management Institute - Early focus on irrigation
1 In 1992, the Rio de Janeiro Earth Summit gave credence to this
approach by recommending that water management be decentralized, with farmers and other stakeholders
playing a more important role in managing natural resources.United
Nations, 1992
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International Water Management Institute - Wider perspective
1 In 1998, its name changed to the International Water Management
Institute (IWMI), reflecting this new wider approach.
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International Water Management Institute - Wider perspective
1 Its research culminated in publication of Water for food, Water for life: A
comprehensive assessment of water management in agriculture
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International Water Management Institute - Wider perspective
1 BBC News [http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/n
ature/5269296.stm Map details global water stress], Monday 21
August 2006.
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International Water Management Institute - Averting a global water crisis
1 IWMI’s approach towards defining water scarcity provided a new
context within which the scientific debate on water availability
subsequently became centred. For example, the theme of the UN World Water Day in 2007 was Coping with
Water Scarcity;
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International Water Management Institute - Averting a global water crisis
1 UN World Water Day, 2007. [http://www.unwater.org/wwd07/flash
index.html Coping with water scarcity.] 22 March 2007.
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International Water Management Institute - Averting a global water crisis
1 the USA’s Worldwatch Institute featured a chapter on water
management in its assessment State of the World 2008;Bergkamp, G
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International Water Management Institute - Averting a global water crisis
1 According to the Institute, the following actions are required: 1)
gather high-quality data about water resources; 2) take better care of the environment; 3) reform how water
resources are governed; 4) revitalize how water is used for farming; 5)
better manage urban and municipal demands for water; and 6) involve
marginalized people in water management.Eichenseher, Tasha
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International Water Management Institute - Averting a global water crisis
1 In 2011, IWMI celebrated its 25th anniversary by commissioning a
series of essays on agricultural and development themes.
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International Water Management Institute - Using water management to reduce poverty
1 IWM's work in Gujarat, India, exemplifies how improving water
management can have an influence on peoples' livelihoods
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International Water Management Institute - Using water management to reduce poverty
1 IWMI scientists who studied the problem suggested governments
should introduce ‘intelligent rationing’ of farm power supply by
separating the power cables carrying electricity to farmers from those
supplying other rural users, such as domestic households and industries
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International Water Management Institute - Using water management to reduce poverty
1 Mishra, P. K. [http://www.ffydd.org/documents/con
gresspapers/228.pdf Alleviating energy poverty through innovation: the case of Jyotigram Yojana (rural lighting scheme) of Gujarat] World
Energy Council
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Water management hierarchy
1 'Water Management Hierarchy (WMH)'Manan,
Z
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Water management hierarchy
1 The WMH was used as an effective screening tool in cost effective
minimum water network methodology to stretch the limits of
water savings beyond those achievable using conventional pinch
analysis approach.
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Environmental impact of the coal industry - Water management
1 Open-pit mining requires large amounts of water for coal preparation plants and dust
suppression
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Environmental impact of the coal industry - Water management
1 Groundwater supplies may be adversely affected by surface mining. These impacts
include drainage of usable water from shallow aquifers; lowering of water levels in adjacent
areas and changes in flow direction within aquifers; contamination of usable aquifers below mining operations due to infiltration
(percolation) of poor-quality mine water; and increased infiltration of precipitation on spoil piles. Where coal (or carbonaceous shale) is present, increased infiltration may result in:
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Environmental impact of the coal industry - Water management
1 * Increased runoff of poor-quality water and erosion from spoil piles
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Environmental impact of the coal industry - Water management
1 * Recharge of poor-quality water to shallow groundwater
aquifers
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Environmental impact of the coal industry - Water management
1 * Poor-quality water flow to nearby streams
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Environmental impact of the coal industry - Water management
1 This may contaminate both groundwater and
nearby streams for long periods
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Environmental impact of the coal industry - Water management
1 Also waste piles and coal storage piles can yield sediment to streams. Leached water from these piles can
be acid and contain toxic trace elements. Surface waters may be
rendered unfit for agriculture, human consumption, bathing, or other
household uses.
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Environmental impact of the coal industry - Water management
1 To mitigate these problems, water is monitored at coal mines. The five
principal technologies used to control water flow at mine sites are:
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Environmental impact of the coal industry - Water management
1 *Groundwater pumping systems
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Stormwater - Stormwater management
1 Stormwater management includes both technical and institutional aspects, including:
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Stormwater - Stormwater management
1 * control of hazardous materials to prevent release of pollutants into the
environment (source control);
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Stormwater - Stormwater management
1 * planning and construction of stormwater systems so contaminants
are removed before they pollute surface waters or groundwater
resources;
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Stormwater - Stormwater management
1 * acquisition and protection of natural waterways or
rehabilitation;
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Stormwater - Stormwater management
1 * building soft structures such as ponds, bioswale|swales or
constructed wetland|wetlands or Green Infrastructure solutions to
work with existing or hard drainage structures, such as pipes and
concrete channels;
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Stormwater - Stormwater management
1 * development of funding approaches to stormwater programs potentially including stormwater user
fees and the creation of a stormwater utility;
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Stormwater - Stormwater management
1 * development of long-term asset management programs to repair and replace
aging infrastructure;
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Stormwater - Stormwater management
1 * revision of current stormwater regulations to address comprehensive stormwater needs;
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Stormwater - Stormwater management
1 * enhancement and enforcement of existing ordinances to make sure
property owners consider the effects of stormwater before, during and after development of their land;
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Stormwater - Stormwater management
1 * education of a community about how its actions affect water quality, and about what it can do to improve
water quality; and
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Stormwater - Stormwater management
1 * planning carefully to create solutions before problems
become too great.
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Stormwater - Integrated water management
1 Integrated water management (IWM) of stormwater has the potential to
address many of the issues affecting the health of waterways and water
supply challenges facing the modern urban city.
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Stormwater - Integrated water management
1 Also known as Low-impact development (Canada/US)|low
impact development (LID)Prince George's County, Maryand
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Stormwater - Integrated water management
1 The development of the modern city often results in increased demands for water supply due to population
growth, while at the same time altered runoff predicted by climate
change has the potential to increase the volume of stormwater that can contribute to drainage and flooding
problems
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Stormwater - Integrated water management
1 There are many ways of achieving LID
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Stormwater - Integrated water management
1 IWM as a movement can be regarded as being in its infancy and brings
together elements of drainage science, ecology and a realization that traditional drainage solutions
transfer problems further downstream to the detriment of our
environment and precious water resources.
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Metropolitan Water Reclamation District of Greater Chicago - Stormwater Management Authority
1 In 2004, the Illinois General Assembly granted the MWRD
stormwater management authority for Cook County, and since that time,
the MWRD has been working to address regional flooding
issues.MWRD. [http://www.mwrd.org/irj/portal/anony
mous/stormwateroverview Stormwater Management.] Accessed
2010-01-14. In October 2013, the MWRD Board of Commissioners
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Metropolitan Water Reclamation District of Greater Chicago - Stormwater Management Authority
1 unanimously approved the Cook County Watershed Management Ordinance (WMO).
The WMO
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Metropolitan Water Reclamation District of Greater Chicago - Stormwater Management Authority
1 provides uniform stormwater management regulations for Cook County in order to prevent future
commercial, municipal, and residential development and redevelopment projects from
exacerbating
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Metropolitan Water Reclamation District of Greater Chicago - Stormwater Management Authority
1 The MWRD hosted four public meetings and a study session in
2013 to offer the public the opportunity to voice their opinion regarding the proposed ordinance.
Paved roads, parking
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Metropolitan Water Reclamation District of Greater Chicago - Stormwater Management Authority
1 lots, walkways, and buildings make cities livable, but they also reduce the amount of land on which water can be absorbed and can lead to
increased flooding without sufficient regulation.
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Metropolitan Water Reclamation District of Greater Chicago - Stormwater Management Authority
1 In 2007, the MWRD formed an Advisory Committee composed of representatives from
municipalities,
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Metropolitan Water Reclamation District of Greater Chicago - Stormwater Management Authority
1 government agencies, and nongovernmental organizations to evaluate and prepare the
WMO.
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Metropolitan Water Reclamation District of Greater Chicago - Stormwater Management Authority
1 The WMO incorporates comments received during both the 2009 and 2013 public review
periods, results
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Metropolitan Water Reclamation District of Greater Chicago - Stormwater Management Authority
1 received from an Economic Impact Study, and input from the WMO Advisory Committee.
Numerous
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Metropolitan Water Reclamation District of Greater Chicago - Stormwater Management Authority
1 changes were made since the original public review period was held in 2009. The first public meeting was
held on July 24, 2013 in Northlake, and additional meetings were held in
August in Chicago Ridge, Mount Prospect, and East Hazel Crest. The
WMO can be downloaded at http://wmo.mwrd.org.
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Water supply in Hong Kong - Total water management
1 Based on the study the government reaffirmed its approach to water
management, but also started new initiatives concerning leakage reduction, water conservation,
greywater reuse, rainwater harvesting, as well as pilots for the
reuse of reclaimed water and desalination
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Keetham Lake - Water Management
1 The raw water for Keetham Lake is obtained from Agra Canal originating from Okhla barrage on River Yamuna in Delhi. At Delhi Agra road, the Agra Canal water is diverted through Jodhpur branch near
Anand Engineering Collage located about 2km from Keetham. The lake water of
Keetham is also used as raw water intake for Mathura Refinery Water Treatment
Plant located in vicinity of Keetham Lake
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Environmental impact of the oil shale industry - Water management
1 Mining influences the water runoff pattern of the area affected. In some
cases it requires the lowering of groundwater levels below the level of the oil shale strata, which may have harmful effects on the surrounding arable land and forest. In Estonia, for each cubic meter of oil shale
mined, 25cubic meters of water must be pumped from the mine area.
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Environmental impact of the oil shale industry - Water management
1 At the same time, the thermal processing of oil shale needs water for quenching hot products and the control of dust. Water concerns are particularly sensitive issue in arid
regions, such as the western part of the United States and Israel's Negev|Negev Desert, where there are plans
to expand the oil shale industry.
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Environmental impact of the oil shale industry - Water management
1 Depending on technology, above-ground retorting uses between one
and five barrels of water per barrel of produced shale oil.
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Environmental impact of the oil shale industry - Water management
1 In situ processing, according to one estimate, uses about one-tenth as much
water.
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Environmental impact of the oil shale industry - Water management
1 Water represents the major vector of transfer of oil shale industry
pollutants. One environmental issue is to prevent noxious materials
leaching from spent shale into the water supply. The oil shale
processing is accompanied by the formation of process waters and
waste waters containing phenols, tar and several other products, heavily
separable and toxic to the environment.
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Environmental impact of the oil shale industry - Water management
1 A 2008 programmatic environmental impact statement
issued by the Bureau of Land Management|United States Bureau of
Land Management stated that surface mining and retort operations
produce of waste water per of processed oil shale.
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Knossos - Water management
1 The palace had at least three separate water-management
systems: one for supply, one for drainage of runoff, and one for
drainage of waste water.
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Knossos - Water management
1 aqueduct (watercourse)|Aqueducts brought fresh water to Kephala hill
from Spring (hydrosphere)|springs at Archanes, about 10km away
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Knossos - Water management
1 Sanitation drainage was through a closed system leading to a sanitary
sewer|sewer apart from the hill
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Knossos - Water management
1 As the hill was periodically drenched by torrential rains, a runoff system
was a necessity. It began with channels in the flat surfaces, which
were zigzag and contained catchment basins to control the
water velocity. Probably the upper system was open. Manholes provided
access to parts that were covered.
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Knossos - Water management
1 *Runoff system.[http://www.minoancrete.com
/knossos13b.jpg JPEG image]. minoancrete.com, Ian Swindale. Retrieved on 2013-05-12. Sloped channels lead from a catchment
basin.
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Knossos - Water management
1 *Runoff system.[http://www.dartmouth.edu/~classics/greece2003/updates/week1_
2/0401Knossos8Web.jpg JPEG image]. Dartmouth.edu. Retrieved on
2012-01-02. Note the zig-zags and the catchment basin.
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Cover crop - Water management
1 By reducing soil erosion, cover crops often also reduce both the rate and quantity of water that drains off the
field, which would normally pose environmental risks to waterways
and ecosystems downstream (Dabney et al
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Cover crop - Water management
1 Just before cover crops are killed (by such practices including mowing, tilling, discing, rolling, or herbicide application) they contain a large
amount of moisture
https://store.theartofservice.com/the-water-management-toolkit.html
Cover crop - Water management
1 While cover crops can help to conserve water, in temperate regions (particularly in
years with below average precipitation) they can draw down soil water supply in the spring, particularly if climatic growing
conditions are good. In these cases, just before crop planting, farmers often face a tradeoff between the benefits of increased cover crop growth and the drawbacks of
reduced soil moisture for cash crop production that season.
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Dhaka - Water management
1 Aside from Chittagong, Dhaka has a water-borne sewage system, but this
serves only 22% of the population while another 30% are served with
septic tanks
https://store.theartofservice.com/the-water-management-toolkit.html
Dhaka - Water management
1 82% of the city's water supply is abstracted from groundwater
through 577 deep tube wells, while four relatively small surface water
treatment plants provide the remaining 18%., p
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Dhaka - Water management
1 The utility plans to substitute surface water for groundwater through the
construction of four large water treatment plants until 2020 at a cost
of (Saidabad Phase II and III, Padma/Pagla and Khilkhet)
https://store.theartofservice.com/the-water-management-toolkit.html
Best management practice for water pollution - Stormwater management BMPs
1 Stormwater management BMPs are control measures taken to mitigate
changes to both quantity and quality of urban runoff caused through
changes to land use
https://store.theartofservice.com/the-water-management-toolkit.html
Best management practice for water pollution - Stormwater management BMPs
1 Stormwater BMPs can be classified as structural (i.e., devices installed or
constructed on a site) or non-structural (procedures, such as modified landcaping practices)
https://store.theartofservice.com/the-water-management-toolkit.html
Formation water - Water management
1 Historically, produced water was disposed of in large evaporation
ponds. However, this has become an increasingly unacceptable disposal
method from both environmental and social perspectives. Produced water is considered an industrial waste and coal seam gas (CSG) producers are
now required to employ beneficial re-uses for produced water.
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Formation water - Water management
1 The broad management options for re-use are Injection well#Waste
disposal|direct injection, environmentally acceptable direct-
use of untreated water, or treatment to a government-issued standard before disposal or supply to users
https://store.theartofservice.com/the-water-management-toolkit.html
Formation water - Water management
1 Dissolved gas flotation, Separator_(oil_production)#Separation of Water From Oil|plate coalescers
and Separator (oil production)#Density Difference
(Gravity Separation)|gravity separators are some of the
technologies used in treating wastes from produced water.EPA (1993)
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Ministry of Transport, Public Works and Water Management (Netherlands)
1 The 'Ministry of Transport, Public Works and Water Management' (Ministerie van Verkeer
en Waterstaat; VW) was a Politics of the Netherlands|Dutch ministry responsible for the Dutch system of water management, Transport in the Netherlands|public and private transport and infrastructure. It is
now part of the new Ministry of Infrastructure and the Environment
(Netherlands)|Ministry of Infrastructure and the Environment.
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Ministry of Transport, Public Works and Water Management (Netherlands) - Responsibilities
1 * Regulation and management of transport of people and goods via roads, trains, boats and
airplanes
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Ministry of Transport, Public Works and Water Management (Netherlands) - Responsibilities
1 * Water management by water supply|water works, such as Dike (construction)|dikes, polders and Channel (geography)|channels
https://store.theartofservice.com/the-water-management-toolkit.html
Ministry of Transport, Public Works and Water Management (Netherlands) - Organisation
1 The ministry was headed by one minister and one staatssecretaris|
state secretary. The ministry's main office was located in the centre of The Hague. The civil service was
headed by a secretary general and a deputy secretary general, who
headed a system of four directorates general:
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Ministry of Transport, Public Works and Water Management (Netherlands) - Organisation
1 * Public Works and Water Management
(Rijkswaterstaat)
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Ministry of Transport, Public Works and Water Management (Netherlands) - Organisation
1 There were two autonomous agencies:
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Ministry of Transport, Public Works and Water Management (Netherlands) - Organisation
1 * Inspectorate for Transport, Public Works and Water
Management
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Ministry of Transport, Public Works and Water Management (Netherlands) - Organisation
1 * KNMI (institute)|Royal Netherlands
Meteorological Institute
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Ministry of Transport, Public Works and Water Management (Netherlands) - Organisation
1 An important other institution was involved in water management in the
Netherlands are the Water board (The Netherlands)|Water boards, which manage local and regional
water works.
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Ministry of Transport, Public Works and Water Management (Netherlands) - Organisation
1 *NV Luchtvaartterrein Texel (majority interest)
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Ministry of Transport, Public Works and Water Management (Netherlands) - Organisation
1 *NV Maastricht Aachen Airport|Luchthaven Maastricht (minority
interest)
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Ministry of Transport, Public Works and Water Management (Netherlands) - History
1 In 1906 Water Management
became a separate ministry
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Ministry of Transport, Public Works and Water Management (Netherlands) - Ministers
1 Since 1967 the following politicians have been minister of Transport,
Public Works and Water Management:
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Integrated urban water management in Buenos Aires, Argentina
1 Primary challenges in urban water management continue to be flood
control and stormwater management as Buenos Aires is situated in the low-lying pampas region where
heavy rain is expected all year long
https://store.theartofservice.com/the-water-management-toolkit.html
Integrated urban water management in Buenos Aires, Argentina
1 In response to water pollution and flooding challenges, the 'Government
of Argentina (GoA)' is working with the World Bank to address industrial
water pollution by providing technical assistance and mentoring to the 50
worst industrial polluters which represent 95% of the total effluent
https://store.theartofservice.com/the-water-management-toolkit.html
Integrated urban water management in Buenos Aires, Argentina
1 Recent history in Buenos Aires urban water management is notable for its move to privatization of the water
and sanitation systems
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Integrated urban water management in Buenos Aires, Argentina - Economic and social conditions
1 Argentina enjoyed four years of rapid recovery from the Argentine economic crisis (1999–2002)|
economic and social crisis of 2001-02, which was one of the most severe losses of income and
downturns in living standards on record
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Integrated urban water management in Buenos Aires, Argentina - Economic and social conditions
1 The period in Argentina between 1990 and 1993 was a time of
transition away from social policies, government support devices, and welfare systems to an IMF-backed structural adjustment in economic
and market policies
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Integrated urban water management in Buenos Aires, Argentina - Economic and social conditions
1 The 'Matanza-Riachuelo river (MR)' basin is home to Argentina’s largest
concentrations of urban poor
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Integrated urban water management in Buenos Aires, Argentina - Geography and climate
1 Buenos Aires lies in the Pampa|pampa region of Argentina and is
bordered on the eastern and north-east sides by the Río de la Plata, on the south and southeast side by the Matanza River|Riachuelo and to the northwest, west and Southwest by the Avenida General Paz, which is a
long highway that separates the Buenos Aires Province from the city.
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Integrated urban water management in Buenos Aires, Argentina - Geography and climate
1 The region was formerly transected by small tributaries and some
lagoons, some of which were refilled and others piped. Among the most important small tributary basins are
the 'Maldonado, Vega, Medrano, Cildañez and White'. In 1908 many of these tributaries were channelized as
floods damaged the city's infrastructure. Beginning in 1919,
most creeks were enclosed. Notably, the Maldonado was re-engineered in 1954 to flow underground in tubes and currently runs underneath Juan
B. Justo Avenue.
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Integrated urban water management in Buenos Aires, Argentina - Geography and climate
1 The city has a humid subtropical climate and the average annual temperature is . The city gets of
rainfall per year. Rain can be expected at any time of year with March being the wettest month (5.3inches) and June the driest
month (2.5inches).
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Integrated urban water management in Buenos Aires, Argentina - The Buenos Aires water concession of 1992
1 The signing of the 'Buenos Aires water and sanitation concession in
1992' attracted world wide attention and was the source of considerable controversy for its scale of private
participation in the Argentine water and sanitation sector
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Integrated urban water management in Buenos Aires, Argentina - Water supply
1 Over most of its history, Buenos Aires has remained a city with a quality
water supply delivered by the immense Río de la Plata and
surrounding high plains that have abundant high quality groundwater below them. In the outskirts of the
city, the inhabitants have good access to wells and piped water.
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Integrated urban water management in Buenos Aires, Argentina - Water supply
1 The La Plata sub-basin's catchment area is 130,200km2 and constitutes
(4.2%) of the world’s fifth largest river basin – the La Plata, extending over 3.1 million km2, five countries (Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay,
and Uruguay), almost 50 major cities, and supporting over 100 million
inhabitants
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Integrated urban water management in Buenos Aires, Argentina - Water supply
1 Over many decades a significant proportion of the water-supply of the
'Buenos Aires Metro Area (BAMA)' was obtained from three major
groundwater reservoirs found at different depths, quantities and
qualities
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Integrated urban water management in Buenos Aires, Argentina - Drinking water
1 'Aguas y Saneamientos Argentinos (AySA)' is the primary water service
provider in the metropolitan area serving the city of Buenos Aires and
17 municipalities, while 'Aguas Bonaerenses' serves the remaining
municipalities
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Integrated urban water management in Buenos Aires, Argentina - Stormwater and drainage
1 Due to rapid urbanization, topographic elements, and the
occurrence of severe storm events in Buenos Aires, flooding has become one of the most serious problems affecting the normal life of Buenos
Aires citizens
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Integrated urban water management in Buenos Aires, Argentina - Stormwater and drainage
1 Each of the three most important catchments ('Maldonado, Medrano and Vega') are drained by a large drainage pipe that follows in the
direction of the former watercourses
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Integrated urban water management in Buenos Aires, Argentina - Wastewater treatment
1 AySA has four wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) that currently treat
only 5.3% of wastewater before discharging it into the La Plata River. To improve this situation, AySA is in the midst of constructing another wastewater treatment plant 'Del
Bicentenario', which will increase the City’s treatment capacity by 120,000
m3 per hour (current output is 2,249,494 m3/day).
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Integrated urban water management in Buenos Aires, Argentina - Pollution
1 The 'Matanza-Riachuelo river (MR)', a tributary of the Río de la Plata (La
Plata River), is the most contaminated river basin in
Argentina and considered one of the most polluted water bodies in the
world
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Integrated urban water management in Buenos Aires, Argentina - Flooding and drainage
1 The 'Urban Flood Prevention and Drainage Program (APL)' is the result
of a government commitment to flood prevention and risk
management
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Integrated urban water management in Buenos Aires, Argentina - Institutional weakness
1 The 1992 'Buenos Aires water concession' was meant to attract private companies
who could bring the needed infrastructure and service upgrades,however, growth of
service networks has been lower than planned, particularly in low-income sectors of metropolitan Buenos Aires. Governance
issues, institutional weaknesses and lack of control mechanisms are responsible for the
failure of the Buenos Aires water concession.
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Integrated urban water management in Buenos Aires, Argentina - Legal initiatives
1 'Law 26128' was approved in 2006 by the National Congress of
Argentina and created 'MR River Basin Authority (ACUMAR)'. Law
26128 also designated the 'Secretary of Environment' to be the acting
authority. Law 26128 was a result of the GoA giving a high priority to the environmental and social recovery of
the MR basin. Additionally, this recently passed legislation is a response to the lack of a strong
institutional framework.
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Integrated urban water management in Buenos Aires, Argentina - Legal initiatives
1 In 2004, a group of residents living in the CMR area filed a claim against
the national government, the Province of Buenos Aires, the
government of Buenos Aires, and 44 businesses for damages suffered as a result of pollution from the Matanza-Riachuelo River. The lawsuit resulted
in a landmark decision from the Supreme Court in 2008, which ruled
on the side of the residents and determined that the defendants were
liable for restoration
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Integrated urban water management in Buenos Aires, Argentina - Legal initiatives
1 and future prevention of environmental damage in the river
basin. 'The Environment and Natural Resources Foundation (FARN)'
participated in the case as a third party, along with various other civil society organizations. Throughout the entire process, FARN played a
vital role in analyzing the defendants’ submissions,
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Integrated urban water management in Buenos Aires, Argentina - Legal initiatives
1 submitting briefs and amparos (claims of constitutional violations), and coordinated the efforts of the different organizations. Since the
ruling, in which the Supreme Court named FARN as a permanent
independent monitoring body for Riachuelo cleanup, the organization has maintained its leadership role.
https://store.theartofservice.com/the-water-management-toolkit.html
Integrated urban water management in Buenos Aires, Argentina - Institutional framework
1 [http://www.agba.com.ar/index.html/ 'AGBA'] (Aguas del Gran Buenos
Aires) is the conglomerate of water and sewer companies that provide
service to 1.65 million inhabitants in the Buenos Aires Metro Area or
BAMA. AGBA is made of the following subsidiary companies: Impregilo
(43%), Dragados (27%), Aguas de Bilbao Bizkaia (20%) and the
remaining 10% is owned by the employees who are organized under the name Programa de Participación
Accionaria del Personal (PPAP).
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Integrated urban water management in Buenos Aires, Argentina - Institutional framework
1 [http://www.acumar.gov.ar/ 'ACUMAR'] is the 'Matanza-Riachuelo River Basin Authority' and includes 17 different governments offices
such as the Secretary of Environment of the Federal Government, multiple provinces of Buenos Aires, the city of
Buenos Aires, and the 14 municipalities involved in the basin and the civil society. ACUMAR has
been legally provided with sufficient management and enforcement
power in addressing the coordination issues of the MR river basin.
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Integrated urban water management in Buenos Aires, Argentina - Institutional framework
1 '[http://www.ambiente.gov.ar/ SAyDS]' (Secretaría de Ambiente y
Desarrollo Sustentable) is the Secretariat of the Environment and
Sustainable Development.
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Integrated urban water management in Buenos Aires, Argentina - Institutional framework
1 '[http://www.aysa.com.ar/ AySA]' (Agua y Saneamiento Argentinos S.A.) is the National Water and
Sanitation utility of Argentina and works with ACUMAR on
implementation of water projects within their concessions of Buenos
Aires.
https://store.theartofservice.com/the-water-management-toolkit.html
Integrated urban water management in Buenos Aires, Argentina - Institutional framework
1 [http://www.etoss.org.ar/desarrollo/sitioetoss05/index.htm/ ' ETOSS']
(Ente Tripartito de Obras y Servicios Sanitarios) is a regulatory body
whose principal mission is that of the regulation and control of the utility contract and the overseeing of the
interaction between the various actors involved in the utility contract.
ETOSS consists of representatives from the national government, the province of Buenos Aires, and the
city of Buenos Aires.
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Integrated urban water management in Buenos Aires, Argentina - Institutional framework
1 The 'United Coordinator for the Technical Management and International Finance' handles (Unidade Coordinación para la
Gestión Técnica y Financiera Internacional-UCOFI) financial management and
procurement responsibilities for the entire Matanza-Riachuelo World Bank project in
Buenoa Aires and has experience and knowledge of managing projects financed
by international financial institutions.
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Integrated urban water management in Buenos Aires, Argentina - Tariffs and reinvestment
1 AySA’s tariff system is based on a fixed rate plus metered consumption system. The rate structure classifies
users according to category (residential or nonresidential), the zone where the building is located, and the services provided; sewer
services cost twice the amount of the fixed fee for drinking water service; finally, low-income costumers are eligible for a subsidy. As of 2007,
only 12.8% of the connections were
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Integrated urban water management in Buenos Aires, Argentina - Tariffs and reinvestment
1 billed under a metering system, thereby encouraging relatively high
consumption. In 2010, AySA collected US$103,478,000 from users and re-invested US$195,144,000. AySA’s
users are 88% residential (the majority of which are concentrated in
the lowest socio-economic strata), 10.8% nonresidential, and 1.2%
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Integrated urban water management in Buenos Aires, Argentina - Multi-lateral assistance
1 In the mid-1990s, the government completed a comprehensive MR
'Environmental Management Plan (EMP)' and received a US$250 million
Inter-American Development Bank (IDB) loan to help finance
implementation of the EMP objectives
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Integrated urban water management in Buenos Aires, Argentina - Multi-lateral assistance
1 The World Bank is engaged with the GoA in a multi-phase US$ 840 million project with the following
objectives (i) improve sewerage services in the MR River Basin and other parts of the Province and City of Buenos Aires by expanding transport and treatment
capacity; (ii) support a reduction of industrial discharges to the MR River, through the provision of industrial conversion grants to small and medium
enterprises; (iii) promote improved decision-making for environmentally sustainable land use and drainage planning, and to pilot urban drainage and land use
investments, in the M-R River Basin; and (iv) strengthen ACUMAR’s institutional framework for ongoing and
sustainable clean-up of the MR River Basin.https://store.theartofservice.com/the-water-management-toolkit.html
Irrigation in Mexico - On-farm water management
1 Agricultural producers who are interested in organizing a common irrigation systems form Water User
Associations (WUA)
https://store.theartofservice.com/the-water-management-toolkit.html
Irrigation in Mexico - On-farm water management
1 WUA consist of water users and its functions are the delivery of
irrigation water and operation and maintenance of canals and dispute
settlement. WUAs can also construct their own infrastructure or participate in government-financed construction
projects.
https://store.theartofservice.com/the-water-management-toolkit.html
Irrigation in Mexico - On-farm water management
1 WUAs shall keep and update a register of members and their respective water rights.
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Irrigation in Mexico - On-farm water management
1 WUAs can be granted water rights. In order to be granted water rights,
WUAs must adopt an internal statute that indicates, among others:
conditions for water distribution and management, internal organization
of the WUA, rights and duties of members, provisions on financial
management (income and expenditures), provisions for the transfer of water rights among
members and provisions on dissolution of the WUA.
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Irrigation in Mexico - On-farm water management
1 WUAs sources of income are revenues from the collection of service charges and
membership dues.
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Alewife Brook Reservation - Storm water management wetland
1 Started in 2011, the City of Cambridge is constructing a 3.4-acre storm water management wetland in the reservation, just west of Alewife
Station
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Albany, Georgia - Water Management Infrastructure
1 The Albany Water, Gas Light Commission (WGL) is a municipally-owned and operated utility system
furnishing water, gas, and electricity to its broad–based customers. Albany
WGL, was founded in 1892 as the Albany Water Works, as the largest
municipal user in Georgia.[http://choosealbany.com/ab
out-us/partners/ accessed January 30, 2012]
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Albany, Georgia - Water Management Infrastructure
1 The public water supply source for Albany-Dougherty County is
groundwater obtained from four aquifers:
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Albany, Georgia - Water Management Infrastructure
1 * Upper Floridan (locally called the Ocala) Aquifer
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Albany, Georgia - Water Management Infrastructure
1 * Claiborne (formerly Tallahatta) Aquifer
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Albany, Georgia - Water Management Infrastructure
1 * Providence Aquifer
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Albany, Georgia - Water Management Infrastructure
1 The water quality is considered to be excellent, needing only chlorination
and fluoridation treatment.
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Anuradhapura Kingdom - Irrigation and water management
1 Rainfall in the dry zone of Sri Lanka is limited to
50-75inches
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Anuradhapura Kingdom - Irrigation and water management
1 Construction of large scale reservoirs began in the 1st century AD under the direction of
Vasabha
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Anuradhapura Kingdom - Irrigation and water management
1 The water resources of the dry zone were further exploited during the times of Upatissa I and Dhatusena
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South Florida Water Management District
1 It is the largest water management district in the state, managing water
needs for 7.7 million residents
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South Florida Water Management District
1 The Governing Board consists of Daniel O’Keefe, Chair; Kevin Powers,
Vice Chair; Rick Barber, Sandy Batchelor, Mitch Hutchcraft, James
Moran, Juan Portuondo, Timothy Sargent and Glenn Waldman.
https://store.theartofservice.com/the-water-management-toolkit.html
South Florida Water Management District
1 The Executive Director of the agency is Blake C. Guillory.
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South Florida Water Management District - History
1 In 1947, after years of drought, the state was deluged by rainfall
averaging 100 inches along the lower east coast, almost twice the norm
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South Florida Water Management District - History
1 Today, the South Florida Water Management District is the oldest
and largest of the state’s five water management districts.
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South Florida Water Management District - History
1 A book detailing the first forty years of the South Florida Water
Management District titled Into the Fifth Decade was written by Thomas
E. Huser.http://sofia.usgs.gov/publications/historical/fcd5decades/fcd5decade
s.pdf
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South Florida Water Management District - History
1 In the year 2000, the Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan began to
undo some ecosystem damage caused by the CSF Project.
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South Florida Water Management District - Operations
1 The regional water management system – with nearly 2,000 miles of canals and more than 2,800 miles of levees/berms, 69 pump stations, 645
water control structures and more than 700 culverts – helps to protect regional water supplies and provide
flood control.
https://store.theartofservice.com/the-water-management-toolkit.html
South Florida Water Management District - Operations
1 Weather extremes dramatically affect South Florida's water supply
and flood protection actions. In response, the District actively
operates and maintains the water management system, promotes
water conservation and works with communities to develop alternative
water supplies.
https://store.theartofservice.com/the-water-management-toolkit.html
South Florida Water Management District - Public areas
1 Many of the lands protected by the District are open to the public for recreational use.
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South Florida Water Management District - Public areas
1 * Arthur R. Marshall Loxahatchee National
Wildlife Refuge
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South Florida Water Management District - Public areas
1 * Atlantic Ridge Preserve State Park
in Martin County
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South Florida Water Management District - Public areas
1 * Catfish Creek (Florida) in Polk
County
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South Florida Water Management District - Public areas
1 * Chandler Slough in Okeechobee County
https://store.theartofservice.com/the-water-management-toolkit.html
South Florida Water Management District - Public areas
1 * Halpatiokee Regional Park in Martin County
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South Florida Water Management District - Public areas
1 * Harold A. Campbell Public Use Area
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South Florida Water Management District - Public areas
1 * Hungryland Wildlife and Environmental Area
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South Florida Water Management District - Public areas
1 * Lake Kissimmee - Bird Island, Drasdo, Gardner-Cobb Marsh, Lightsey, Strum Island
https://store.theartofservice.com/the-water-management-toolkit.html
South Florida Water Management District - Public areas
1 * Lake Russell (Florida) in Osceola
County
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South Florida Water Management District - Public areas
1 * Okaloacoochee Slough Wildlife
Management Area
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South Florida Water Management District - Public areas
1 * Queen's Island (Florida) in St. Lucie County
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South Florida Water Management District - Public areas
1 * Southern Glades Wildlife and Environmental Area
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Storm Water Management Model
1 Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, OH (June 2007)Rossman, Lewis A., Storm Water Management Model Quality Assurance Report,
Dynamic Wave Flow Routing, EPA/600/R-06/097, September 2006 is a dynamic rainfall-surface runoff|runoff-groundwater|subsurface runoff
Scientific modelling|simulation model used for single-event to long-term (continuous)
simulation of the surface/subsurface hydrology quantity and water quality|quality from
primarily urban/suburban areas
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Storm Water Management Model - Program Description
1 The EPA Storm Water Management Model (SWMM) is a dynamic rainfall-runoff-routing simulation model used
for single event or long-term (continuous) simulation of runoff
quantity and quality from primarily urban areas
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Storm Water Management Model - Program Description
1 EPA SWMM is public domain software that may be freely copied and distributed.
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Storm Water Management Model - History
1 SWMM was first developed between 1969–1971 and has undergone
several major upgrades since those years
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Storm Water Management Model - History
1 EPA SWMM 5 provides an integrated graphical environment for editing
watershed input data, running hydrologic, hydraulic, real time
control and water quality simulations, and viewing the results
in a variety of graphical formats. These include color-coded thematic
drainage area maps, time series graphs and tables, profile plots,
scatter plots and statistical frequency analyses.
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Storm Water Management Model - History
1 This latest re-write of EPA SWMM was produced by the Water Supply and Water Resources Division of the U.S
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Storm Water Management Model - Model parameters
1 The simulated model parameters for subcatchments are surface roughness,
depression storage, slope, flow path length; for Infiltration: Horton: max/min rates and decay constant; Green-Ampt: hydraulic conductivity, initial moisture deficit and suction head; Curve Number: NRCS (SCS) Curve number; All: time for saturated soil to fully drain; for Conduits:
Manning’s roughness; for Water Quality: buildup/washoff function coefficients, first
order decay coefficients, removal equations
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Storm Water Management Model - Hydrology and Hydraulics Capabilities
1 SWMM 5 accounts for various hydrologic processes that produce surface and subsurface runoff from
urban areas. These include:
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Storm Water Management Model - Hydrology and Hydraulics Capabilities
1 Time-varying rainfall for an unlimited number of raingages for both design
and continuous hyetographs
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Storm Water Management Model - Hydrology and Hydraulics Capabilities
1 evaporation of standing surface water on watersheds
and surface ponds
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Storm Water Management Model - Hydrology and Hydraulics Capabilities
1 snowfall accumulation, plowing and melting
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Storm Water Management Model - Hydrology and Hydraulics Capabilities
1 rainfall interception from depression storage in both impervious and pervious areas
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Storm Water Management Model - Hydrology and Hydraulics Capabilities
1 infiltration of rainfall into unsaturated soil
layers
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Storm Water Management Model - Hydrology and Hydraulics Capabilities
1 percolation of infiltrated water into groundwater layers
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Storm Water Management Model - Hydrology and Hydraulics Capabilities
1 interflow between groundwater and pipes and ditches
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Storm Water Management Model - Hydrology and Hydraulics Capabilities
1 nonlinear reservoir routing of watershed overland flow.
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Storm Water Management Model - Hydrology and Hydraulics Capabilities
1 Spatial variability in all of these processes is achieved by dividing a
study area into a collection of smaller, homogeneous watershed or subcatchment areas, each containing
its own fraction of pervious and impervious sub-areas. Overland flow can be routed between sub-areas,
between subcatchments, or between entry points of a drainage system.
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Storm Water Management Model - Hydrology and Hydraulics Capabilities
1 SWMM also contains a flexible set of hydraulic modeling capabilities used to route runoff and external inflows
through the drainage system network of pipes, channels, storage/treatment units and
diversion structures. These include the ability to:
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Storm Water Management Model - Hydrology and Hydraulics Capabilities
1 handle drainage networks of unlimited size
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Storm Water Management Model - Hydrology and Hydraulics Capabilities
1 use a wide variety of standard closed and open conduit shapes as well as
natural or irregular channels
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Storm Water Management Model - Hydrology and Hydraulics Capabilities
1 model special elements such as storage/treatment units, outlets, flow dividers, pumps, weirs, and orifices
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Storm Water Management Model - Hydrology and Hydraulics Capabilities
1 apply external flows and water quality inputs from surface runoff,
groundwater interflow, rainfall-dependent infiltration/inflow, dry weather sanitary flow, and user-
defined inflows
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Storm Water Management Model - Hydrology and Hydraulics Capabilities
1 utilize either steady, kinematic wave or full dynamic wave flow routing methods
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Storm Water Management Model - Hydrology and Hydraulics Capabilities
1 model various flow regimes, such as backwater, surcharging, pressure, reverse flow, and surface ponding
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Storm Water Management Model - Hydrology and Hydraulics Capabilities
1 apply user-defined dynamic control rules to simulate the operation of pumps, orifice openings, and weir
crest levels
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Storm Water Management Model - Hydrology and Hydraulics Capabilities
1 In addition to modeling the generation and transport of runoff flows, SWMM can also estimate the
production of pollutant loads associated with this runoff. The
following processes can be modeled for any number of user-defined water
quality constituents:
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Storm Water Management Model - Hydrology and Hydraulics Capabilities
1 Dry-weather pollutant buildup over different land uses
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Storm Water Management Model - Hydrology and Hydraulics Capabilities
1 pollutant washoff from specific land uses during
storm events
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Storm Water Management Model - Hydrology and Hydraulics Capabilities
1 direct contribution of wet and dry
rainfall deposition
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Storm Water Management Model - Hydrology and Hydraulics Capabilities
1 reduction in dry-weather buildup due
to street cleaning
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Storm Water Management Model - Hydrology and Hydraulics Capabilities
1 reduction in washoff load due to BMP's
and LID's
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Storm Water Management Model - Hydrology and Hydraulics Capabilities
1 entry of dry weather sanitary flows and user-specified external inflows at
any point in the drainage system
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Storm Water Management Model - Hydrology and Hydraulics Capabilities
1 routing of water quality constituents
through the drainage system
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Storm Water Management Model - Hydrology and Hydraulics Capabilities
1 reduction in constituent concentration through treatment in
storage units or by natural processes in pipes and channels.
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Storm Water Management Model - Low Impact Development (LID) Components
1 The Low Impact Development (LID) function is new to SWMM
5.0.019/20/21/22 and we have run many configurations and found no
problem for the hydrology and hydraulics. It is integrated within the
subcatchment and allows further refinement of the overflows,
infiltration flow and evaporation in Rain Barrels, Vegetative Swales,
Porous Pavement, Bio Retention Cell and Infiltration Trench.
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Storm Water Management Model - Low Impact Development (LID) Components
1 You can define a variety of sub processes in each LID such as:
Surface, Pavement, Soil, Storage, and Drain.
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Storm Water Management Model - Low Impact Development (LID) Components
1 Each type of LID has limitations on the type of sub process allowed by SWMM 5
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Storm Water Management Model - Low Impact Development (LID) Components
1 New as of July 2013, the EPA's [http://www.epa.gov/nrmrl/wswrd/wq/
models/swc/ National Stormwater Calculator] is a Windows desktop
application that estimates the annual amount of rainwater and frequency
of runoff from a specific site anywhere in the United States
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Storm Water Management Model - Integrated Hydrology/Hydraulics
1 One of the great advances in SWMM 5 was the integration of
Urban/Suburban Subsurface Hydrology with the Hydraulic computations of the drainage
network
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Storm Water Management Model - Integrated Hydrology/Hydraulics
1 An example of this integration was the collection of the disparate SWMM 4 link types in the Runoff, Transport
and Extran Blocks to one unified group of closed conduit and open
channel link types in SWMM 5 and a collection of Node types.
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Storm Water Management Model - SWMM5 Components
1 The SWMM 5.0.001 to 5.1.001 main components are: rain gages,
watersheds, lid/bmp, nodes, links, pollutants, landuses, time patterns,
curves, time series, controls, transects, aquifers, unit hydrographs,
snowmelt and shapes
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Storm Water Management Model - SWMM5 Components
1 The major overall components are called in the SWMM 5 input file and C code of the simulation engine: gage, subcatch, node, link, pollut, landuse, timepattern, curve, tseries, control,
transect, aquifer, unithyd, snowmelt, shape and lid
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Storm Water Management Model - SWMM 3,4 to 5 converter
1 The SWMM 3 and SWMM 4 converter can convert up to two files from the earlier SWMM 3 and 4 versions at
one time to SWMM 5
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Storm Water Management Model - SWMM Platforms
1 There are a number of software packages that utilize the SWMM platform. These include:
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Storm Water Management Model - SWMM Platforms
1 *[http://www.xpsolutions.co
m/software/xpswmm/ XPSWMM]
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Storm Water Management Model - SWMM Platforms
1 *[http://www.autodesk.com/products/autodesk-autocad-civil-3d/features/all/gallery-view Autodesk
Storm and Sanitary Analysis]
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Comprehensive Assessment of Water Management in Agriculture
1 London: Earthscan, and Colombo: International Water Management Institute
was published in 2007 by International Water Management Institute and Earthscan in an attempt to answer the question: how can water in agriculture be developed and managed to help end poverty and hunger,
ensure environmentally sustainable practices, and find the right balance
between food and environmental security?
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Comprehensive Assessment of Water Management in Agriculture - History
1 Compiled after consultation with more than 700 individuals, numerous
organisations and networks, it was the first critical evaluation of:
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Comprehensive Assessment of Water Management in Agriculture - History
1 * water management challenges facing communities
today
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Comprehensive Assessment of Water Management in Agriculture - History
1 * successful methods of managing water in farming around the
world.
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Comprehensive Assessment of Water Management in Agriculture - History
1 The assessment confirmed that agriculture consumes more water resources than any other sector.
[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/5269296.stm Map details global water stress], BBC, 21 August 2006 A key
finding was that a third of the world's population live in water-scarce areas
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Comprehensive Assessment of Water Management in Agriculture - Trends affecting demands for water
1 The report's authors forecast that the need for water would double within 50 years, due to global population rise, more people choosing to eat a diet of meat and vegetables rather than primarily consuming cereals,
and climate change.[http://www.iwmi.cgiar.org/assessment/files_new/newsroom/NewYo
rkTimes_Need_2006.pdf Need for Water Could Double in 50 Years, U.N
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Comprehensive Assessment of Water Management in Agriculture - How feeding the future world will be possible
1 The conclusion made by the report's authors was that only by changing
the way we use water within agriculture would we be able to meet
the acute water, environment and poverty challenges facing us over the
next 50 years
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Comprehensive Assessment of Water Management in Agriculture - How feeding the future world will be possible
1 Upgrading these rainfed lands through better water management
held the greatest potential to increase productivity and decrease
poverty.[http://www.iwmi.cgiar.org/assessment/files_new/newsroom/ScienceDaily_2007.pdf Water Management: Urgent Need For More Food With Less
Water], Science Daily, March 27, 2007
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Comprehensive Assessment of Water Management in Agriculture - Shaping future water policy
1 * Change the way we think about water and agriculture. Rain should be
viewed as the ultimate source of water to be managed, and
agriculture as part of an agro-ecosystem that provides food but also delivers other environmental services, such as maintaining soil
fertility.
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Comprehensive Assessment of Water Management in Agriculture - Shaping future water policy
1 * Fight poverty by improving access to agricultural water and its use. This
would be achieved by promoting livelihood gains by smallholder
farmers, for example by securing water access through rights and
developing multiple-use water supply systems.
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Comprehensive Assessment of Water Management in Agriculture - Shaping future water policy
1 * Manage agriculture to enhance ecosystem services. This would involve using good agricultural
practices to enhance other ecosystem services.
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Comprehensive Assessment of Water Management in Agriculture - Shaping future water policy
1 * Increase the productivity of water. The outcome would be higher yields and value from smaller volumes of water, thus reducing demand and
environmental impacts.
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Comprehensive Assessment of Water Management in Agriculture - Shaping future water policy
1 * Upgrade rainfed agriculture by improving soil moisture and using supplemental irrigation. This holds
the greatest potential for lifting people out of poverty and increasing
water productivity, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa.
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Comprehensive Assessment of Water Management in Agriculture - Shaping future water policy
1 * Adapt yesterday's irrigation for tomorrow's needs. Modernisation
would require a mix of technological and management upgrades.
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Comprehensive Assessment of Water Management in Agriculture - Shaping future water policy
1 * Reform the reform process, targeting state institutions. Water managements investments should
embrace irrigated and rainfed agriculture, plus fisheries and
livestock practices.
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Comprehensive Assessment of Water Management in Agriculture - Shaping future water policy
1 * Deal with trade-offs and make difficult choices. Informed multi-
stakeholder negotiations would be essential.
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Environment of Afghanistan - Water management
1 The primary threat to Afghanistan's water supply is the Drought in
Afghanistan|droughts, which created food shortages for millions in the
recent past.
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Environment of Afghanistan - Water management
1 The resulting agricultural crises between 1995 to 2001 have driven
major migrations from rural to urban areas.
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Environment of Afghanistan - Water management
1 In response to drought, deep wells for irrigation have been drilled which decreased the under ground water level, further draining groundwater
resources, which rely on rain for replenishment.
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Environment of Afghanistan - Water management
1 By 2003, about 99% of the Sistan wetlands were dry, another result of continued drought and lack of water
management.
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Environment of Afghanistan - Water management
1 The wetlands, an important habitat for breeding and migrant waterfowl including the dalmatian pelican and
the marbled teal, have provided water for agricultural irrigation for at
least 5,000 years. They are fed by the Helmand River, which ran at 98%
below average in drought years 2001-2003. As in other areas of the
country, the loss of natural vegetation resulted in soil erosion; here, sandstorms submerged as many as 100 villages by 2003.
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Environment of Afghanistan - Water management
1 Some of the major reservoir|water reservoirs and dams
include the following:
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Natural resource and waste management in Tanzania - Water management and sanitation
1 See Water supply and sanitation in Tanzania for more information on
Tanzanian water management practices and sanitation.
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Marina Bay, Singapore - Water management
1 In 2004, the Public Utilities Board publicly announced plans to
construct a new downtown reservoir by damming the Marina Channel
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Natural Resources Conservation Service - NRCS National Ag Water Management Team
1 (AGWAM) Serves 10 states in the Midwest United States in helping to reduce Nitrate levels in soil due to
runoff from fertilized farmland
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Natural Resources Conservation Service - Water management
1 Irrigation water management is the most efficient way to use and recycle water resources for land owners and
farmers
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Kobar - Waste water Management
1 * The absence of a public sewage network means that in Kobar residents are forced to use
unhygienic cesspits for the disposal of waste water, and/or discharge
waste water in the streets.
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Kobar - Waste water Management
1 This is particularly common in winter, as citizens cannot afford the high cost of sewage tankers during this period. These methods facilitate environmental damage, health
problems, and the spread of epidemics and diseases in the village. This waste water also
contaminates the groundwater and water collected in household cisterns
(rainwater harvesting cisterns) because
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Kobar - Waste water Management
1 most cesspits are built without lining, allowing waste water to enter into
the ground and avoiding the need to use sewage tankers. The untreated waste water collected from cesspits by sewage tankers is disposed of in open areas without concern for the
damage it causes to the environment and to residents' health.
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Cormery - Drinking Water Management
1 The town of Cormery is part of the :fr:SIPTEC (Syndicat
Intercommunal de Truyes-Esvres-Cormery)|SIPTEC (Syndicat
Intercommunal de Truyes-Esvres-Cormery).
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Suisun Marsh - Water management
1 The wetland managers for both the private hunting clubs and the state's
public land take water from major and minor sloughs throughout the marsh. Montezuma Slough, one of
the largest, is open at both ends, and its flood tide current is longer and stronger than its ebb tide current,
causing a net west-to-east flow which draws higher saline water eastward
from Grizzly Bay.https://store.theartofservice.com/the-water-management-toolkit.html
Suisun Marsh - Water management
1 The flood tide pushing through the slough takes half an hour longer to traverse the marsh than does the matching flood tide following the
more direct route in the main Suisin Bay
channel.[http://www.saltwatertides.com/dynamic.dir/californiasites.html
Tide Location Selection for California] Thus, high tide at the east end of
the slough arrives out of phase with high tide in the main channel, and
rather than being pushed back, as it would be in the main channel or in a dead-end slough, the slough water keeps flowing eastward, drawing
more saline water with it.
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Suisun Marsh - Water management
1 To meet the salinity requirements stipulated by the California Water
Resources Control Board to support beneficial uses in Decision-1485, the California State Water Project and the
federal Central Valley Project built the Montezuma Slough Salinity
Control Gates
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Suisun Marsh - Water management
1 Because the Salinity Control Gates are more effective than anticipated
other proposed salinity control measures were abandoned. The gates operate as needed from
October through May.p. 44
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Low-impact development (Canada/US) - Alternative to conventional stormwater management practices
1 A concept that began in Prince George's County, Maryland|Prince
George's County, Maryland in 1990, LID began as an alternative to
traditional stormwater Best management practice for water
pollution|best management practices (BMPs) installed at construction
projects.PGDER (1997)
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Low-impact development (Canada/US) - Alternative to conventional stormwater management practices
1 The LID design approach has received support from the U.S
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