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Ethics. Standards. Values.
Shaping a Safety Culture in Aviation
University of Cyprus18. Feb 2017
Vangelis Demosthenous.
Outline – 3 Questions1. How can we define safety culture?2. How can we evaluate it?3. How can we shape it?
What exactly do we evaluate with these criteria?
Evaluation Criteria 0 1 2Α. Gives safety the right priority
Β. Promotes the implementation of safety regulations
Γ. Makes continuous efforts to improve safety .
Δ. Promotes safety knowledge/training.
Ε. Cooperates with other personel in safety matters.
Total
How can we define safety culture?
Safety CultureA shared system of
o beliefs (what is true),
o values (what is important),
o expectationso behaviourso norms
about safety developed by a group over time
PriorityStandardizingFlexibleLearningTeamworkReportingJust
HILAS projectEuropean Union Funded2009
Safety Culture Dimensions
Priority Safety first!
Procedures etcCompliance
Willing to change
Seeking to learn
Willing to report,Expecting feedback
Clear line, Fair andconsistent treatment
Team spirit
Standardizing
Flexible
Learning
Teamwork
Reporting
Just Culture
Safety Culture Dimensions
How can we evaluate safety culture?
Can we measure Safety Culture?
We can only change/influence what wecan measure.
‘The effectiveness of a safety culture can indeed bemeasured and monitored through the use of tangiblemetrics.
ICAO SMM 3rd edition May 2012
Safety CultureA shared system of
o beliefs (what is true),
o values (what is important),
o expectationso behaviourso norms
about safety developed by a group over time
‘Culturemeter’
How do we measure our car performance?
Car Performance
How do we measure our car performance?
Pressures
Engine oil
Breaks
Temperatures
Enginecoolant
Breaks
Speeds
Car
Engine(revs)
Quantities
Fuel
Oil
How do we measure our safety culture?
Safety Culture
Surveys, Interviews, Observations, Inspections, Audits.Document Review, Records Review
How do we measure our safety culture?
PrinciplesValues
AttitudesOpinions
BehavioursNorms
RecordsProcessesResources
2.00
2.50
3.00
3.50
4.00
4.50
Priority Culture StandardizingCulture
Flexible Culture Learning Culture TeamworkCulture
ReportingCulture
Just Culture Overall SafetyCulture
2010 2012 2015
Survey in a large airlineFor 2015 - 7200 input
Safety Culture Survey
Measures respondents’ perceptions
Safety Surveys‘Since surveys are subjective, verification may beneeded before corrective action can be taken.’
Safety Management Manual of a large airline
2.002.503.003.504.004.50
2010 2012 2015
From 2010 to 2012:Increase in hazard reportsfrom 20 per year to aprox. 1000 per year
European Regulation 390/2013for the performance of air navigation services
Σελ 14-16
Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) - compulsory• Safety Culture• Just Culture
Can we shape/improve safety culture ?
Safety CultureA shared system of
o beliefs (what is true),
o values (what is important),
o expectationso behaviourso norms
about safety developed by a group over time
LondonUnderground
Athens Metro2004
Athens Metrosince 2006
On-time performance
Definebehaviours
Declare,adopt,
documentbehaviours
Ensure all4 Ps
Identifymethods ofevaluation
Implement,monitor,evaluate
Basic steps shapingsafety culture
demosthenous@kratisconsulting.com.
Questions?
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