View
4.981
Download
0
Category
Tags:
Preview:
Citation preview
U.S. History
Chapter 4: The English Colonies
Section 1: The Virginia Colony
Settlement in Jamestown
• 1605: Merchants ask permission to establish colony in North America
• 1606: King James I grants request
• Joint-stock company formed
King James I
Settlement in Jamestown
• April 26, 1607: three ships land on Virginia coast
• Sail into Chesapeake Bay & 40 miles up James river
Location of Jamestown
Settlement in Jamestown
•Men poorly prepared
•Bad location
•2/3 of original colonists dead by winter
Settlement in Jamestown
•Capt. John Smith—made colonists plant food crops and build sturdy housing
Captain John Smith
Settlement in Jamestown
http://www.virtualjamestown.org/quicktime/jamestown_fort.html
Powhatan Confederacy
• Powhatan: alliance of Algonquian Indians
• Aided colonists by teaching them how to grow food
Depiction of Powhatan from map by John Smith
Powhatan Confederacy
•1609: 400 new settlers arrive at Jamestown
•John Smith returns to England
•Winter 1609: “Starving Time”
Powhatan Confederacy
• Jamestown failing to make a profit
•1612: John Rolfe introduces tobacco to Virginia
Tobacco Plant
War in Virginia• 1614: John Rolfe
marries Pocahontas
• 1617: Pocahontas dies
• 1618: Wahunsonacock dies
Pocahontas
War in Virginia• Colonists desire
Powhatan land for tobacco farming
• 1622: Powhatan leader killed
• Opechancanough leads attack that kills 350 settlers
Opechancanough from Smith's “General History of Virginia”
War in Virginia
•Colonists burn Indian villages
•Fighting continues for 20 years
•1624: Virginia becomes a royal colony
Daily Life in Virginia
•Tobacco farmers begin to establish plantations
•Headright system—gave 50 acres of land to colonists who paid their own way to Virginia
Daily Life in Virginia
•Disease
•Men outnumbered women 7:1
•Families provided necessities for themselves
Labor in Virginia• High death rates
lead to labor shortages
• Indentured Servents—agreed to work in exchange for passage to America
Indentured Servant Contract
Labor in Virginia
•1619: Dutch bring Africans to Virginia
•Some Africans were indentured servants, others were slaves
• Indentured servants cheaper initially
Bacon’s Rebellion
•Colonists angry with governor
•Complaints about high taxes and lack of available farmland
•Poor begin faming on Native American lands
Bacon’s Rebellion
• 1676: Nathaniel Bacon & a group of indentured servants lead an attack on peaceful Native Americans
• Bacon & followers attacked & burned Jamestown
Nathaniel Bacon
Bacon’s Rebellion
•Bacon dies of fever
•23 rebels hung
•Difficult relations with Native Americans
•Increased use of slaves
Recapping!
1. Why were people in England interested in founding Jamestown, and when was the colony established?
2. How did Jamestown colonists interact with local American Indians?
3. How did the English plantation system begin
4. What role did indentured servants and enslaved Africans play in Virginia’s economy?
Recommended