Unit Outline Resources

1

ENV202/502 – Introductory Remote Sensing Wk 1

Dr Karen Joyce

School of Environmental and Life Sciences

Bldg Purple 12.3.091

Lecture 1 – Introduction to Remote Sensing

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Lecture Outline

• Introductions

• Unit admin

– Unit outline

– Practicals

– Assessment

– Learnline

• The what, why, and how of remote sensing

• History of remote sensing

• Common applications

ENV202/502 – Introductory Remote Sensing Wk 13

Unit Outline

• Introduction to remote sensing

• Understanding electromagnetic radiation interactions

• Radiation transfer theory

• Aerial photography and image analysis

• Digital image processing (3 weeks)

• Multispectral and hyperspectral imagery

• Object oriented information extraction

• RADAR and LiDAR

• Applications and operational projects

• Unit summary

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Resources

• Jensen, J (2007) Remote Sensing of the Environment: An Earth Resource Perspective, 2nd

Ed., Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall, 592 pages

• Thomas M. Lillesand, Ralph W. Kiefer, Jonathan W. Chipman (2008) Remote Sensing and Image

Interpretation, 6th Edition. John Wiley & Sons, Hoboken, NJ. ISBN 9780470052457 . Chapters 1 & 4

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Practicals

• All held in Purple 12.3.17 (After hours swipe access to 12.1.28)

• Designed to expand on lecture materials and provide ‘hands on’ learning

• Software in use will be ENVI/IDL

• Practicals 2, 3, and 4 will be assessed

• Field trip – 28th March, Litchfield National Park

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Assessment

• All assessment items are compulsory

• Due by 11.59pm on the given date

• To be submitted via Learnline

• Advise lecturer well in advance if you are having difficulties

• Penalty of 10% per day for late submissions

2

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Assessment Items

• Practical exercises

– 3 assessable practicals

– Short / paragraph answers

– 20% ea

• Application project

– Select an environmental problem of interest and design

a remote sensing mapping and monitoring solution

– 3000 words (5000 words for ENV502)

– 40%

ENV202/502 – Introductory Remote Sensing Wk 1

Related Units

• ENV101 – Earth Systems

• ENV203 – Environmental survey and monitoring skills

• ENV208/508 – Applied Geographic Information Systems

• ENV305/505 – Catchments to Coasts

• ENV306/506 – Environmental monitoring and modelling

• ENV304/504 – Field studies in tropical and desert landscapes

• SID300 – Professional practice in applied science

• SID301 – Research Project

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Learnline Demo

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What is Remote Sensing?

• The science and art of obtaining information about an object, area, or phenomenon, without being in direct

contact with the feature under investigation…

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3

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Weather Forecasting

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Sea Surface Temperature

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Ocean Colour and Vegetative Cover

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Coral Cover

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Dust – SW Queensland

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Vegetation Monitoring

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Digital Elevation / Bathymetry Models

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Volcanic Eruptions – Gas Emissions

5

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Volcanic Eruptions – Hunga Tonga

500m

25 Mar 09 Photos: NZAID14 Nov 06

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Volcano Monitoring – Temperature

ASTER Thermal

Imagery of Mt

Ruapehu

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25 Mar 07

9 Feb 02

Volcano Monitoring – Lahar Mapping

ASTER Imagery of Mt

Ruapehu

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Earthquakes and Deformations

Source: S.Samsonov

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Minerals and Geology

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Counting Landslides

BEFORE AFTER

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1km ENV202/502 – Introductory Remote Sensing Wk 132

Other Applications

• National Security

• Landcover / land use

• Infrastructure mapping

• Oil and gas

• Telecommunications

• Online mapping

• Personal navigation

• Construction, survey

• Agriculture

• Forestry

• Water resources

• Insurance

• Disaster relief

• Environmental monitoring

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History of Remote Sensing

• Birth of photography (1839)

• Photography from Balloons

(1850-1900)

• Photography from aircraft

(1909)

• First World War (1914 –

1918)

– Aerial scouting and reconnaissance

• The discipline of

photogrammetry was

established (1920’s)

US Army Balloon Corps, early 1860s

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History of Remote Sensing

• Radar developed (1930’s)

• Second World War (1939 – 45)– Colour infra-red film used to detect

camouflage

• The Cold War (1945 -91)• Colour infra-red photography used to

detect crop disease

• The term ‘remote sensing’ was first used (early 1960’s)

• Space Race - Rockets & Satellites (60’s and 70’s)

• Commercial (i.e. civilian) Satellites (July 72 to date)

• Digital image processing

Boston, 1860 - taken from balloon

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History of Remote Sensing

• Landsat 5 (1984) 25 years of operation & counting - original

intended mission only 3yrs!

• Landsat 7 (1999)

• High spatial resolution satellite imagery IKONOS (1999) &

Quickbird (2001)

• First satellite hyper-spectral sensor

EO-1 (2001)

• LiDAR

• Google Earth brings remote

sensing to everyone with internet access (2005)

• Landsat archive freely available (2009)

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How Does Remote Sensing Work?

• Any object with a temperature >0o Kelvin emits electromagneticradiation (EMR)

• Sunlight is a form of EMR

• Thermal energy (heat) is a formof EMR

• EMR from the sun is

– Reflected

– Transmitted

– Absorbed

• Reflected and/or emitted energyis recorded by a sensor

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How Does Remote Sensing Work?

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EMR Interactions

• Types of interactions observed in imagesare controlled by:

– Physical, Chemical and Biological

characteristics of object; and

– Type of sensor

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From Images to Information

• Understanding EMR interactions with features of interest allows qualitative and quantitative analysis of

images

• Maps are created by developing relationships

between EMR (as recorded in an image) and features of interest (as measured on the ground)

Water

Grasses etc

Dense Veg

Artificial Surfaces

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The Remote Sensing Process

Source: Lillesand, Kiefer & Chipman (2008)

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Satellites

In Google Earth just go to

"Add"->"Network Link" and paste link into the "Link:"

field.http://modop.webhop.org/s

ats/mysatsensors.kml

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Why Use Remote Sensing?

• Large area coverage

• Synoptic view, continuous spatial coverage

• Information about hard to access areas

• Use sensors to ‘see’ in wavelengths not visible to human eye

• Make quantitative measurements about biogeophysical properties of earth’s surface

• Digital record of features and processes

• Repeat coverage

• Cost (field vs. image)

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Who uses remote sensing?

• Military

• Many Government Departments

• Commonwealth Agencies (CSIRO, ERISS, etc)

• City Councils

• NGOs

• United Nations

• Private industry (SKM, EWL, ERA etc)

• Universities and research agencies

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Coming Up

• First Practical – This Friday 9-12pm

• Lecture next week: Understanding electromagnetic radiation (EMR) interactions

• Respond to email RE field trip

Source: C.Roelfsema/S.Phinn