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UNIT 5 NOTES 3
WARM UPS
1. The first battle of the Civil War occurred at:A. AtlantaB. GettysburgC. AntietamD. Fort Sumter
2. Sherman wanted to capture Atlanta because:A. It was a major railroad hub and its
capture would disrupt southern industryB. It was the southern capital and its capture
would end the warC. It was the only city that interfered with
Union trade on the Mississippi RiverD. It was home of Robert E. Lee’s Army of
Northern Virginia
Why did the North win: Foundation North:
INDUSTRY Well organized
government Strong plan of attack
(Anaconda Plan)
South:
AGRICULTURE Poorly organized
government Lack of clear overall
battle strategy
Resources
Why did the North win: Population North: 19 million people at
the beginning of the war
This meant North could devote more manpower to the war
South: Slightly over 9
million (3.5 million slaves)
Slave/Free States Slave/Free States Population, 1861Population, 1861Slave/Free States Slave/Free States Population, 1861Population, 1861
Why did the North win: Manufacturing North: Factories were able
to supply Union army with arms, munitions, equipment
South: Lacked factories
with the ability to mass produce weapons
Resources: North & the Resources: North & the SouthSouth
Resources: North & the Resources: North & the SouthSouth
Why did the North win: Food Production North: Could produce food
and get it to troops with railway system
South: Could produce food
but didn’t have transportation system to get it to them
Why did the North win: Railroads North: Extensive system
with 20,000 miles of rail
Had 96% of all rail equipment
South: 9,000 miles of rail Disputes between
states did not allow for rail lines to be built crossing state lines
Railroad Lines, 1860Railroad Lines, 1860
President Lincoln’s Role President Abraham Lincoln’s main
goal was to : keep the Union together
In order to accomplish this goal Lincoln suspended the writ of habeas corpus.
- Suspended the writ of habeas corpus means- took away the guarantee that a person cannot be imprisoned without being brought before a judge
Lincoln’s Words Gettysburg Address:
Dedication of Gettysburg cemetery; encouraged Union to survive and the nation to reunite
2nd Inaugural Address:Expressed hope of reunited nation without slavery, sorrow over losses suffered, and vision for rebuilding South
Emancipation Proclamation:Jan. 1, 1863:Executive order that freed slaves in Confederate states; maintained slavery in border states loyal to Union
The War Ends The Civil war ended on April 9, 1865 at the
Appomattox Court House where Lee surrendered.
What was the punishment to southerners? Period known as Reconstruction
6 days later President Lincoln was assassinated.
Date: April 14, 1865
Assassin: John Wilkes Booth
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