Unit 3 Cell Theory And Organelles

3.1 Cell Theory

KEY CONCEPT Cells are the Basic unit of life.

3.1 Cell Theory

The cell theory grew out of the work of many scientists and improvements in the microscope.• Many scientists contributed to the cell theory.

3.1 Cell Theory

The cell theory grew out of the work of many scientists and improvements in the microscope.• Many scientists contributed to the cell theory.• More was learned about cells

as microscopes improved.

3.1 Cell Theory

The cell theory grew out of the work of many scientists and improvements in the microscope.• Many scientists contributed to the cell theory.• More was learned about cells

as microscopes improved.• The cell theory is a unifying

concept of biology.

3.1 Cell Theory

Early studies led to the development of the cell theory.• The Cell theory has three principles.

– All organisms are made of cells.

3.1 Cell Theory

Early studies led to the development of the cell theory.• The Cell theory has three principles.

– All organisms are made of cells.– All existing cells are produced by other living cells.

3.1 Cell Theory

Early studies led to the development of the cell theory.• The Cell theory has three principles.

– All organisms are made of cells.– All existing cells are produced by other living cells.– The cell is the most basic unit of life.

3.1 Cell Theory

Prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus and most internal structures of eukaryotic cells.• All cells share certain characteristics.

3.1 Cell Theory

Prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus and most internal structures of eukaryotic cells.• All cells share certain characteristics.

– Cells tend to be microscopic.

Bacterium(colored SEM; magnification 8800x)

3.1 Cell Theory

Prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus and most internal structures of eukaryotic cells.• All cells share certain characteristics.

– Cells tend to be microscopic.– All cells are enclosed

by a membrane.

Bacterium(colored SEM; magnification 8800x)

cell membrane

3.1 Cell Theory

Prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus and most internal structures of eukaryotic cells.• All cells share certain characteristics.

– Cells tend to be microscopic.– All cells are enclosed

by a membrane.– All cells are filled with

cytoplasm.

Bacterium(colored SEM; magnification 8800x)

cell membrane

cytoplasm

3.1 Cell Theory

There are two cell types: eukaryotic cells and prokaryotic cells.

3.1 Cell Theory

There are two cell types: eukaryotic cells and prokaryotic cells.• Eukaryotic cells have a

nucleus.nucleus

cell membrane

3.1 Cell Theory

There are two cell types: eukaryotic cells and prokaryotic cells.• Eukaryotic cells have a

nucleus.• Prokaryotic cells do

not have membrane- bound organelles.

nucleus

cell membrane

organelles

3.1 Cell Theory

There are two cell types: eukaryotic cells and prokaryotic cells.• Prokaryotic cells do not

have a nucleus.nucleus

cell membrane

organelles

3.1 Cell Theory

There are two cell types: eukaryotic cells and prokaryotic cells.• Prokaryotic cells do not

have a nucleus.• Prokaryotic cells do not

have membrane-bound organelles.

nucleus

cell membrane

organelles

cytoplasm

3.1 Cell Theory

KEY CONCEPT Eukaryotic cells share many similarities.

3.1 Cell Theory

Cells have an internal structure.

3.1 Cell Theory

Cells have an internal structure.• The cytoskeleton has many functions.

3.1 Cell Theory

Cells have an internal structure.• The cytoskeleton has many functions.

– supports and shapes cell

3.1 Cell Theory

Cells have an internal structure.• The cytoskeleton has many functions.

– supports and shapes cell– helps position and transport organelles

3.1 Cell Theory

Cells have an internal structure.• The cytoskeleton has many functions.

– supports and shapes cell– helps position and transport organelles– provides strength

3.1 Cell Theory

Cells have an internal structure.• The cytoskeleton has many functions.

– supports and shapes cell– helps position and transport organelles– provides strength– assists in cell division

3.1 Cell Theory

Cells have an internal structure.• The cytoskeleton has many functions.

– supports and shapes cell– helps position and transport organelles– provides strength– assists in cell division– aids in cell movement

3.1 Cell Theory

Several organelles are involved in making and processing proteins.

3.1 Cell Theory

Several organelles are involved in making and processing proteins.• The nucleus stores genetic information.

3.1 Cell Theory

Several organelles are involved in making and processing proteins.• The nucleus stores genetic information.• Many processes occur in the endoplasmic reticulum.

3.1 Cell Theory

Several organelles are involved in making and processing proteins.• The nucleus stores genetic information.• Many processes occur in the endoplasmic reticulum.• There are two types of endoplasmic reticulum.

3.1 Cell Theory

Several organelles are involved in making and processing proteins.• The nucleus stores genetic information.• Many processes occur in the endoplasmic reticulum.• There are two types of endoplasmic reticulum.

– rough endoplasmic reticulum

3.1 Cell Theory

Several organelles are involved in making and processing proteins.• The nucleus stores genetic information.• Many processes occur in the endoplasmic reticulum.• There are two types of endoplasmic reticulum.

– rough endoplasmic reticulum

– smooth endoplasmic reticulum

3.1 Cell Theory

Several organelles are involved in making and processing proteins. (continued)

3.1 Cell Theory

Several organelles are involved in making and processing proteins. (continued)• Ribosomes link amino acids to form proteins.

3.1 Cell Theory

Several organelles are involved in making and processing proteins. (continued)• Ribosomes link amino acids to form proteins.• Vesicles are membrane-bound sacs that hold materials.

3.1 Cell Theory

Other organelles have various functions.

3.1 Cell Theory

Other organelles have various functions.• Mitochondria supply energy to the cell.

3.1 Cell Theory

Other organelles have various functions.• Mitochondria supply energy to the cell.• Vacuoles are fluid-filled sacs that hold materials.

3.1 Cell Theory

Other organelles have various functions.• Mitochondria supply energy to the cell.• Vacuoles are fluid-filled sacs that hold materials.• Lysosomes contain enzymes to digest material.

3.1 Cell Theory

Other organelles have various functions.• Mitochondria supply energy to the cell.• Vacuoles are fluid-filled sacs that hold materials.• Lysosomes contain enzymes to digest material.• Centrioles are tubes found in the centrosomes.

3.1 Cell Theory

Other organelles have various functions.• Mitochondria supply energy to the cell.• Vacuoles are fluid-filled sacs that hold materials.• Lysosomes contain enzymes to digest material.• Centrioles are tubes found in the centrosomes.

– Centrioles help divide DNA.

3.1 Cell Theory

Other organelles have various functions.• Mitochondria supply energy to the cell.• Vacuoles are fluid-filled sacs that hold materials.• Lysosomes contain enzymes to digest material.• Centrioles are tubes found in the centrosomes.

– Centrioles help divide DNA.

– Centrioles form cilia and flagella.