View
205
Download
4
Category
Preview:
DESCRIPTION
Tunnel Boring Machine
Citation preview
Engineering & Technology
Updates-Presentation
The Tunnel Boring Machine
Presented By: Siddhartha Kamat-251075
Gourav Kapoor-251076 Rohit Kaushik-2510
Kabir Mansharamani-251104
Contents of the Presentation
• Introduction
• Types of Tunnel Boring Machine
• Requirements of a TBM
• Opportunities in India
• Procurement
• Parts and Operation of a TBM-Video
• TBM Utilization
• Suitability of a TBM
• Performance of a TBM
• Advantages
• Risks Involved
• Comparison between TBM and DBM
Introduction
• Excavation of Tunnels-Also known as the “mole”-Hard rock or Sand
• Tunnel Diameters range from 1m to 19.25m to date
• TBM as an alternative to the DBM
• Advantages over DBM
• Major Disadvantage-Upfront Cost-Expensive to Construct and Transport
• Tunnelling with TBM is more efficient as tunnel lengths increase
• The first boring machine-in 1845-Commisioned to link France and Italy
through the Alps
• 2 major Classifications of TBM-Hard Ground and Soft Ground TBM’s
Types of TBM’s-Slurry Type
In soft ground-very high water pressure-large amount of G/W-completely enclosed work environment-bentonite slurry mixed with soil-slurry transported via tubes outside for separation-recycled back.
Types of TBM’s-Soft Ground EPB
In soft ground-less than 7 bar pressure-cutter head uses discs as well as combination of tungsten carbide cutting bits, carbide disc cutters and hard rock disc cutters-capable of holding soft ground by maintaining balance b/w earth and pressure.
Types of TBM’s-Hard Ground
Uses disc cutters mounted in cutter head-create compressive stress fractures in the rock-causing it to chip away from the rock into tunnel face-belt conveyor removes the muck-gripper system to advance.
Requirements of a TBM
• High Financial Capabilities of the Client
• High Upfront Payment Capabilities
• Supporting Infrastructure for Launching, Operation and Maintenance
• High Mechanical Background Support Staff
• Good Logistic Capabilities
• Suitability to Terrain and Geological Conditions
• Highly Skilled Personnel
• Technical and Financial Feasibility
Opportunities in India
• Hydro Tunnels-NHPC, NTPC, TDHC, NEEPCO
• Transport Tunnels-NHAI, Delhi Metro, Kolkata Metro, Mumbai Metro, Chennai Metro, Indian Railways
• Water Supply and Sewerage Tunnels-Local Municipal Bodies
• Total Hydropower Potential-84,044 MW
• The Himalayan Terrain
• Resources Required in Future Tunnels- INR 732,000,000,000/-
• 18000 Skilled Manpower by 2017 for around 600 Tunnels
• INR 24 Billion worth of Machinery and Equipment by 2017
Source: Central Board of Irrigation and Power
Procurement-Major Manufacturers
Italy Germany
United States Switzerland
Parts and Operation of a TBM Video
TBM Utilization
Suitability of the TBM
Performance of a TBM
Factors Determining Performance of a TBM: • Instantaneous penetration rates(P), measured in mm/rev or m/hr for
only the time TBM spends cutting the ground.
• TBM Utilization(U %), proportion of time spent cutting expressed as an avg. of the total available working time (T in hrs/weeks).
• Cutting Rate Consumption (20 to 200 m3 /mining hr)or Cutter Cost &
• Delays for tunnelling through major geological features where this is measurable in days or weeks.
• TBM advance rates(m/week) are predicted by the relationship:
o Advance Rate= Distance Mined / Shift Time (in m/week)
o TBM Productivity on an average for 3.5m Dia. TBM is 130m/week but World Record is 703m in a week by Robbins TBM (Katoomba Carrier in Australia).
Advantages
• Major Advantages
o cost savings resulting from qualitative advantages of mechanical
excavation
o TBM excavation rates four to six times higher than D&B excavation
o Over-break (cost of delivered concrete, wastage and labour to fill
over-break)
o labour crew costs
o associated supplies (drill bits, TBM cutters, blasting agent)
o support costs
o elimination of temporary construction structures (access adits
and/or shafts)
Advantages
• Operational Advantages
o structural stability and safety at the face and work area
o continuous (non-cyclic) operation
o consistent, less skilled and easily trained operations (labour is assigned to
limited tasks that are repetitive, become routine, and may even produce
competition among the labourers)
o safer and more pleasant working environment than in D&B
• Safety
• Continuity of Operation
• Skilled Labour Advantages
• Performance Advantages
Risks Involved in the TBM
• Soil Cave-in and Cavities
• Fluctuating Productivity
• Break Down & Maintenance Losses
• Proper Soil Investigation not done
• Non availability of support services
TBM as an alternative to DBM
Site Photographs-KGHEP, Kashmir
Thank You!
Recommended