TRP Chapter 5.2 1 Chapter 5.2 Hazardous waste transport

TRP Chapter 5.2 1

Chapter 5.2Hazardous waste transport

TRP Chapter 5.2 2

Responsibilities of waste generator

•Classify waste according to agreed definitions

•Package and label waste

•Select licensed transport contractor

•Create paper record

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Transporter must check: • wastes properly described• wastes properly packed and

labelled• compliance with regulations

Transport must be:• By authorised contractor• To authorised sites

Transport controls

Segregated wastes enable recycling

Source: Safe hazardous waste management systems ISWA 2002

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Transportation permits

Waste movements need transport certificate showing:

• origin• destination• identifying the load

Licensed contractors must have:• approved vehicles • trained drivers• vehicles marked with the appropriate hazard symbols

• emergency plan

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Manifest systems 1: basic principles

Manifest systems:• Provide a record of waste generated and its movement• Provide information for later disposal options• Serve as a “chain of custody” document• Carry signatures of the people handling the waste, to

encourage responsible behaviour• Enable compliance with regulations • Ensure duty of care is observed• Increase responsibilities

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Manifest systems 2:State of Victoria, Australia

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Dangerous goods regulations: ADR

Movement of dangerous goods by air, water, road and rail is subject to conditions, including:

• Classification of dangerous substances• Packaging and labelling• Suitability of the vehicle• Proper training and qualifications for driver• Information to be carried in the vehicle• Emergency procedures to be followed

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Other international regulations• Recommendations on the transport of dangerous goods

(UNR)

• International Civil Aviation Organisation (ICAO): shipment by air

• International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code (IMDG): shipment by water

• United Nations Resolution on Traffic in Toxic and Dangerous Products and Wastes

• • Basel Convention on the Transboundary movement of

hazardous wastes

• Bamako Convention Ban on the Import into Africa and Control of Transboundary Movements and Management of Hazardous Wastes within Africa

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Labelling

Dangerous when wet

Oxidising agent

Flammable solid

Spontaneously combsutible

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Training and safety 1

• During loading and unloading, the brake must

be set and the engine stopped

• Closures, cargo and tailgates must be secured

• Contents must be kept dry & at prescribed

temperature

• Quantity limits must not be exceeded

• Careful handling to prevent rupture, leaks or

spills

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Training and safety 2

Drivers/handlers must:• be suitably qualified• not smoke, take drugs or alcohol• make inspections at set frequencies• know emergency procedures• attend cargo at all times• not exceed permitted working hours• use personal safety equipment

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Vehicle design

• Appropriate for load

• Vehicle should be appropriate length, weight,

shape

• Tank material should be compatible with waste

• May be articulated or rigid

• Advantages of articulated vehicles:– Easier to manoeuvre– Can be separated into motor unit & trailer– Ease of repair

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Tankers and waste compatibility

Hydrochloric acidRubber lined

Solvents (not chlorinated solvents)

Mild steel, aluminium

Oil, fats, petroleum and non corrosive materials

Mild steel, aluminium or canvas

Nitric acidStainless steel

Suitable waste typeTank material or lining

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Behaviour of liquid wastes

Behaviour of liquid wastes during vehicle manoeuvresSource: HER MAJESTY’S STATIONARY OFFICE (HMSO), Hazardous Waste Control, Transport considerations, Work Unit 4, 1986

Centrifugal (Sideways)

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Hazardous waste transport: tanks 1

Tank for flammable and combustible liquids and gases

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Tank truck delivering to physico-chemical facility, Germany

Hazardous waste transport: tanks 2

Source: Safe hazardous waste management systems ISWA 2002

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Portable 70,000 litres poly-lined steel tank

Hazardous waste transport: containers

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Emergency response

Risk management systems aim to:

·Reduce of the probability of accident occurring

·Minimise the consequences of an accident

Transporting vehicles should have:•First aid equipment•Fire extinguisher according to substance carried•Trained personnel

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Emergency actions

• Switch off engine

• First assess the situation

• Is help needed? Call emergency services

• Use protective equipment

• Have fire extinguisher ready

• Extinguish naked lights

• Check for leaks

• Contain or dilute spillage

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Emergency response: Hazchem code

The Hazchem code provides advice on:

The medium to be used in combating a dangerous goods incident

Whether to contain or dilute the material Any possible violent reaction and any hazards

posed to the local population Protective equipment that must be worn by

people combating the incident• Whether evacuation should be considered

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Emergency response: UK Tremcard

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Emergency response: HAMER system

• System intended for hazardous chemicals, which are more commonly transported than hazardous wastes

• Sensible to integrate hazardous wastes into same system

• Aims to reduce the consequences of accidents

The design and operation of a HAMER system is complex :

• accidents are rare

• decisions affect many stakeholders

• time pressure of emergency decisions

• information sources are many and widespread

• requires co-operation and co-ordination of multiple actors

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Chapter 5.2 Summary

Waste generator and waste transporter each have responsibilities

Hazardous waste transport must comply with regulations, including international ones

Proper labelling is vital

Manifest systems enable tracking of waste shipments throughout

Emergency response procedures must be in place