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21/11/16
1
Transatlan(cTradeandInvestmentPartnership
15thDecember2016GLEF3020presenta8on
SONG Wenqian 1155061949 LIU Jialu 1155046868 HUANG Sumeng 1155061980 ZAN Rihao 1155076998
TheTransatlan(cTradeandInvestmentPartnership(TTIP)
Background Concerns
Topics&BenefitsEvalua8on&Future
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Background
TheTransatlan(cTradeandInvestmentPartnership(TTIP)
WhatisTTIP?
Aim MainElements
ConcernsTopic&BenefitBackground Evalua8on&Future
BasicfactsaboutTIPP:AimandMainelements
• TTIPstandsfortheTransatlan8cTradeandInvestmentPartnership.
• ItisaproposedtradeagreementbetweentheEuropeanUnionandtheUnitedStates.
• TheaimofTTIPistocreateeconomicgrowthandjobsonthebothsideofAtlan=cbyremovingtradebarriers,includingtariffsandnon-tariffbarriers(NTB).
• MarketAccess• RegulatoryCoherenceandCoopera8on• Interna8onalStandards.
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TheTransatlan(cTradeandInvestmentPartnership(TTIP)
ConcernsTopic&BenefitBackground Evalua8on&Future
BasicfactsaboutTIPP:Nego8a8onsandProcedures
EuropeanCommissionrepresentstheEU.
UnitedStatesTrade
Representa=ve(USTR)
representstheUS.
Thecontentsofthenego=atedTTIPproposalsareclassifiedfromthepublicandcanbeaccessedonlybyauthorizedpersons
Announcement
1stRoundofNego8a8on
Thefirstroundof
nego=a=onswasheldin
July2013inWashington
DC.
Thelatestroundof
nego=a=onshappened
inOctober2016inNew
York.TheLatestRound
15roundsofnego=a=ons
havebeenfinishedsince
2013.
15RoundsinTotal
USPresidentBarackObamaannouncedthelaunchofnego=a=onstowardsTTIPintheStateoftheUnionin2013.
TheTransatlan(cTradeandInvestmentPartnership(TTIP)
ConcernsTopic&BenefitBackground Evalua8on&Future
US-EUPosi8oninWorldTrade
Mainplayersforinterna=onaltrade(2015)(source:Eurostat)
Sharesintheworldmarketforimports,2014(%shareofworldimports)
USandEUarebothmajorplayersinworldtradeandtheyaccountforabout1/3ofthetotalworldtrade.
Sharesintheworldmarketforexports,2014(%shareofworldexports)
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TheTransatlan(cTradeandInvestmentPartnership(TTIP)
ConcernsTopic&BenefitBackground Evalua8on&Future
CurrentTradeFlowbetweenEUandUS USandEUareveryimportanttradingpartnersforeachother.
EU:Maintradingpartnersforexports,EU-28,2015(%shareofextraEU-28exports
EU:Maintradingpartnersforimports,EU-28,2015(%shareofextraEU-28imports
ForEU:TheUSisthemostimportantdes=na=onofexportsandthesecondmostimportantsourceofimports.
US:Importsforconsump=onforselectedworldareas-2014
US:Domes=cexportsforselectedworldareas-2014
FortheUS:EUisthesecondmostimportantdes=na=onofexportsandthesecondmostimportantimportspartners.
TheTransatlan(cTradeandInvestmentPartnership(TTIP)
ConcernsTopic&BenefitBackground Evalua8on&Future
ForeignDirectInvestment(FDI)betweenUSandEU USandEUarethemostimportantFDIpartnersforeachother.
ForEU:TheUSisthemostimportantFDIpartner
EU:Top10hostsofoutwardFDIstocks,2010
EU:Top10sourcesofEUinwardFDIstocks,2010
FortheUSEUisthemostimportantFDIpartner
USoutwardandinwardFDItotheEUandtherestoftheWorld,2010(in1000millioneuros)
GiventhemagnitudesoftheFDIandthetradebetweentheEUandtheUS,anypolicyinfluencingthefurtherflowscouldhaveasignificantimpactontheseeconomies.
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TheTransatlan(cTradeandInvestmentPartnership(TTIP)
ConcernsTopic&BenefitBackground Evalua8on&Future
CurrentpaVernsoftariffsbetweenUSandEUEUandUSarerela8velyopentowardseachotherintermsofinvestmentandtrade,asreflectedinrela8velylowlevelsfortariffs.
Tariffrate,applied,weightedmean,allproducts(%) TradeWeightedApplied(MFN)averagetariffrates2007
Giventhecurrenttariffstructure,thescopefortariffreduc8onstohaveasignificantimpactontradeflowsislimited.Formostsectors,NTBisthemajorsourceoftradebarriers.
TheTransatlan(cTradeandInvestmentPartnership(TTIP)
ConcernsTopic&BenefitBackground Evalua8on&Future
CurrentNon-tariffsbarriers(NTB)betweenUSandEUVarious non-tariff barriers (NTBs) (often in the form of domestic regulations) on both sides of the Atlantic.
ImportQuota
Increasecostofdoingbusiness
Restrictmarketaccess
NTB
OtherRegula=ons
Re-configura=on
TotalNTB:EUbarriersagainstUS
exports
TotalNTB:USbarriersagainstEU
exports
Averagegoods 21.5% 25.4%Averageservices 8.5% 8.9%
Totaltradecostes=matesfromNTBs
NTBsaretheprimarydriverofthepoten8alac8onsagainsttradebarriers.
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TopicsandBenefits
TheTransatlan(cTradeandInvestmentPartnership(TTIP)
Background Topic&Benefit Concerns Evalua8on&Future
Coveredtopics:ThreeMajorElements
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TheTransatlan(cTradeandInvestmentPartnership(TTIP)
Background Topic&Benefit Concerns Evalua8on&Future
Coveredtopics:TariffBarrierIssues--Cuttarifflevel
TheTransatlan(cTradeandInvestmentPartnership(TTIP)
Background Topic&Benefit Concerns Evalua8on&Future
ServiceSector PublicProcurementmakesureforeignservicescompaniescancompeteonthesametermsasdomes=cfirms
enlargeshareoftheproductsandservicespublicauthori=esbuyfromtheothercountry
Coveredtopics:Non-TariffBarrierIssues
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TheTransatlan(cTradeandInvestmentPartnership(TTIP)
Background Topic&Benefit Concerns Evalua8on&Future
Foodsafetyandanimalandplanthealth（SPS）inTTIP
Technicalbarrierstotrade(TBTs)inTTIP DifferentsectorsChemicals,Engineering,Informa=onandCommunica=onTechnology(ICT),Vehicles
Goal：getregulatorsinEuropeandtheUStoworktogethermuchmorecloselythantheydonow
Coveredtopics:Non-TariffBarrierIssues—RegulatoryCoopera8on
TheTransatlan(cTradeandInvestmentPartnership(TTIP)
Background Topic&Benefit Concerns Evalua8on&Future
EnergyandrawmaterialsinTTIPSecuringmorestableandsustainableaccesstonaturalresourcesIntellectualpropertyrights(IPR)andgeographicalindica8ons(GIs)Helpingtobringmoreinnova=veproductsandservices,morequickly,toEUandUSconsumersCompe88onpolicyAmodelforglobalpoliciestopromotefreeandfaircompe==onSmallandmediumsizedenterprises(SMEs)inTTIPEnsuringEurope'ssmallerfirmscanmakethemostofTTIPCustomsandTradeFacilita8on(CTF)
Coveredtopics:Non-TariffBarrier--NewRules
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TheTransatlan(cTradeandInvestmentPartnership(TTIP)
Background Topic&Benefit Concerns Evalua8on&Future
ISDS：investor-to-statedisputeseflement
#aimstoprovideinvestorsinforeigncountrywithbasicprotec(on.
#onenewmechanismdealingwithdisputesamonginvestorsandstates.
#itraisedhugeconcernamongsociety.
Coveredtopics:Non-TariffBarrier--NewRules
TheTransatlan(cTradeandInvestmentPartnership(TTIP)
Background Topic&Benefit Concerns Evalua8on&Future
Poten8alBenefits:GrowthandJobs—BiggestFreeTradeArea
TTIPcouldbringsignificanteconomicgainsasawholefortheEU(€119billionayear)andtheUS(€95billionayear)oncetheagreementisfullyimplemented.
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Background Topic&Benefit Concerns Evalua8on&Future
TheTransatlan(cTradeandInvestmentPartnership(TTIP)
#widerangeofcoveredtopics&#Comprehensive&ambi(ouspartners
Poten8alBenefits:NewStandardsasBenchmark.
Concerns
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TheTransatlan(cTradeandInvestmentPartnership(TTIP)
Background Topic&Benefit Concerns Evalua8on&Future
Transparency
Deregula(on
NewPowertoCapital
01
02
03
Overlap 04
TheTransatlan(cTradeandInvestmentPartnership(TTIP)
Background Topic&Benefit Concerns Evalua8on&Future
Transparency• Nego=a=onsheldinsecretbetweenEuropeanCommissionandUSgovernmentofficialseverytwomonths
• EUhasputa30-yearbanonpublicaccesstoallkeynego=a=ngdocuments;USa5-yearbanfromendoftalks
• MPsfromEUmemberstates(incUK)alsohavenoaccesstoanyofthekeynego=a=ngdocuments
Source:TTIPintroductorypresenta=on,2015.ppt-WaronWant
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TheTransatlan(cTradeandInvestmentPartnership(TTIP)
Background Topic&Benefit Concerns Evalua8on&Future
Deregulation• TTIPisnotatradi=onaltradeagreementreducingbordertariffs(tariffsbetweenEU&USAarealreadyminimal)
• TTIPexplicitlyaimsat‘regulatorybarriers’totrade–i.e.environmentalstandards,labourrights,foodsafetyrules
• EUregula=onsenshrineprecau=onaryprincipletoprotectpublichealth.
Source:TTIPintroductorypresenta=on,2015.ppt-WaronWant&TTIP–SlideShare
TheTransatlan(cTradeandInvestmentPartnership(TTIP)
Background Topic&Benefit Concerns Evalua8on&Future
Deregulation• TheU.S.isseenashavingstrongerrulesinfinancialservices,whileEuropetoutsitsrulesassuperiorinfoodsafetyandothersectors.
Source:TTIPintroductorypresenta=on,2015.ppt-WaronWant&TTIP–SlideShare
EU USFoodSafety Financialservices
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TheTransatlan(cTradeandInvestmentPartnership(TTIP)
Background Topic&Benefit Concerns Evalua8on&Future
Deregulation• Examplesofregulatory‘barriers’targetedbyUSproducers:
• EUbanonGMOs(Gene=callyModifiedOrganism)• EUbanongrowthpromotersinfoodproduc=on(An=bio=cssuchasproteinandβ-agonists)
• EUbanonbeefproducedwithbovinegrowthhormones• EUbanonhighlevelsofpes=cideresidueinfood• EUrulesontoxicchemicals(REACHregula=ons)
Source:TTIPintroductorypresenta=on,2015.ppt-WaronWant&TTIP–SlideShare
TheTransatlan(cTradeandInvestmentPartnership(TTIP)
Background Topic&Benefit Concerns Evalua8on&Future
New Powers To Capital• TTIPrepresentsthebiggestsingletransferofpowertotransna=onalcapitalinagenera=on
• ‘Investor-statedisputeseflement’(ISDS)mechanism
• ThisallowsUScorpora=onstosueEUstatesforpolicydecisionsthatcouldharmtheirprofitsinthefuture.Casesadjudicatedbycorporatelawyersinsecrettribunalsonlyopentoforeigninvestors,bypassingdomes=ccourts
Source:TTIPintroductorypresenta=on,2015.ppt-WaronWant
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TheTransatlan(cTradeandInvestmentPartnership(TTIP)
Background Topic&Benefit Concerns Evalua8on&Future
Overlap of TTIP• TTIPoverlap
• EU• FTAswithEFTA(EuropeanFreeTradeAssocia=on)&EuropeanEconomicAreaonservices
• FTAswithmembersoftheBarcelonaProcess(N.Africa&MiddleEast)• SeveralFTAswithmembersofCEFTA(CentralEuropeFreeTradeArea)
• US• NAFTA(NorthAmericanFreeTradeArea)• FTAswithseveral(notall)ofBarcelonaProcess
• EUandUSarealreadyheavilylinkedtotheirneighborsbyexis=ngFTAs:
• MostarebothFTAsandEconomicIntegra=onAgreements(EIAs)onservices.Source:DerdorffTTIP–FordSchool
Evalua8on&Future
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TheTransatlan(cTradeandInvestmentPartnership(TTIP)
Background Topic&Benefit Concerns Evalua8on&Future
Orienta=on----Toincreaseeconomygrowth?
Un8lAugust2016Morethan3millionpeoplehavesignedonthewebsite
togoagainstTTIP
August2016TheViceChancellorofGermanyGabrielhas
announcedtheTTIPactuallybecomeafailure
October2016Morethan100,000peopleholdademonstra=onin
Berlin
TheTransatlan(cTradeandInvestmentPartnership(TTIP)
Background Topic&Benefit Concerns Evalua8on&Future
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TheTransatlan(cTradeandInvestmentPartnership(TTIP)
Background Topic&Benefit Concerns Evalua8on&Future
Future?
ThankYou
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