Transatlan(c Trade and Investment Partnership · 2018-09-01 · 21/11/16 5 The Transatlan(c Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP) Background Topic & Beneﬁt Concerns Evaluaon &

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Transatlan(cTradeandInvestmentPartnership

15thDecember2016GLEF3020presenta8on

SONG Wenqian 1155061949 LIU Jialu 1155046868 HUANG Sumeng 1155061980 ZAN Rihao 1155076998

TheTransatlan(cTradeandInvestmentPartnership(TTIP)

Background Concerns

Topics&BenefitsEvalua8on&Future

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Background


WhatisTTIP?

Aim MainElements

ConcernsTopic&BenefitBackground Evalua8on&Future

BasicfactsaboutTIPP:AimandMainelements

•  TTIPstandsfortheTransatlan8cTradeandInvestmentPartnership.

•  ItisaproposedtradeagreementbetweentheEuropeanUnionandtheUnitedStates.

•  TheaimofTTIPistocreateeconomicgrowthandjobsonthebothsideofAtlan=cbyremovingtradebarriers,includingtariffsandnon-tariffbarriers(NTB).

•  MarketAccess•  RegulatoryCoherenceandCoopera8on•  Interna8onalStandards.

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BasicfactsaboutTIPP:Nego8a8onsandProcedures

EuropeanCommissionrepresentstheEU.

UnitedStatesTrade

Representa=ve(USTR)

representstheUS.

Thecontentsofthenego=atedTTIPproposalsareclassifiedfromthepublicandcanbeaccessedonlybyauthorizedpersons

Announcement

1stRoundofNego8a8on

Thefirstroundof

nego=a=onswasheldin

July2013inWashington

DC.

Thelatestroundof

nego=a=onshappened

inOctober2016inNew

York.TheLatestRound

15roundsofnego=a=ons

havebeenfinishedsince

2013.

15RoundsinTotal

USPresidentBarackObamaannouncedthelaunchofnego=a=onstowardsTTIPintheStateoftheUnionin2013.



US-EUPosi8oninWorldTrade

Mainplayersforinterna=onaltrade(2015)(source:Eurostat)

Sharesintheworldmarketforimports,2014(%shareofworldimports)

USandEUarebothmajorplayersinworldtradeandtheyaccountforabout1/3ofthetotalworldtrade.

Sharesintheworldmarketforexports,2014(%shareofworldexports)

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CurrentTradeFlowbetweenEUandUS USandEUareveryimportanttradingpartnersforeachother.

EU:Maintradingpartnersforexports,EU-28,2015(%shareofextraEU-28exports

EU:Maintradingpartnersforimports,EU-28,2015(%shareofextraEU-28imports

ForEU:TheUSisthemostimportantdes=na=onofexportsandthesecondmostimportantsourceofimports.

US:Importsforconsump=onforselectedworldareas-2014

US:Domes=cexportsforselectedworldareas-2014

FortheUS:EUisthesecondmostimportantdes=na=onofexportsandthesecondmostimportantimportspartners.



ForeignDirectInvestment(FDI)betweenUSandEU USandEUarethemostimportantFDIpartnersforeachother.

ForEU:TheUSisthemostimportantFDIpartner

EU:Top10hostsofoutwardFDIstocks,2010

EU:Top10sourcesofEUinwardFDIstocks,2010

FortheUSEUisthemostimportantFDIpartner

USoutwardandinwardFDItotheEUandtherestoftheWorld,2010(in1000millioneuros)

GiventhemagnitudesoftheFDIandthetradebetweentheEUandtheUS,anypolicyinfluencingthefurtherflowscouldhaveasignificantimpactontheseeconomies.

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CurrentpaVernsoftariffsbetweenUSandEUEUandUSarerela8velyopentowardseachotherintermsofinvestmentandtrade,asreflectedinrela8velylowlevelsfortariffs.

Tariffrate,applied,weightedmean,allproducts(%) TradeWeightedApplied(MFN)averagetariffrates2007

Giventhecurrenttariffstructure,thescopefortariffreduc8onstohaveasignificantimpactontradeflowsislimited.Formostsectors,NTBisthemajorsourceoftradebarriers.



CurrentNon-tariffsbarriers(NTB)betweenUSandEUVarious non-tariff barriers (NTBs) (often in the form of domestic regulations) on both sides of the Atlantic.

ImportQuota

Increasecostofdoingbusiness

Restrictmarketaccess

NTB

OtherRegula=ons

Re-configura=on

TotalNTB:EUbarriersagainstUS

exports

TotalNTB:USbarriersagainstEU

exports

Averagegoods 21.5% 25.4%Averageservices 8.5% 8.9%

Totaltradecostes=matesfromNTBs

NTBsaretheprimarydriverofthepoten8alac8onsagainsttradebarriers.

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TopicsandBenefits


Background Topic&Benefit Concerns Evalua8on&Future

Coveredtopics:ThreeMajorElements

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Coveredtopics:TariffBarrierIssues--Cuttarifflevel



ServiceSector PublicProcurementmakesureforeignservicescompaniescancompeteonthesametermsasdomes=cfirms

enlargeshareoftheproductsandservicespublicauthori=esbuyfromtheothercountry

Coveredtopics:Non-TariffBarrierIssues

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Foodsafetyandanimalandplanthealth（SPS）inTTIP

Technicalbarrierstotrade(TBTs)inTTIP DifferentsectorsChemicals,Engineering,Informa=onandCommunica=onTechnology(ICT),Vehicles

Goal：getregulatorsinEuropeandtheUStoworktogethermuchmorecloselythantheydonow

Coveredtopics:Non-TariffBarrierIssues—RegulatoryCoopera8on



EnergyandrawmaterialsinTTIPSecuringmorestableandsustainableaccesstonaturalresourcesIntellectualpropertyrights(IPR)andgeographicalindica8ons(GIs)Helpingtobringmoreinnova=veproductsandservices,morequickly,toEUandUSconsumersCompe88onpolicyAmodelforglobalpoliciestopromotefreeandfaircompe==onSmallandmediumsizedenterprises(SMEs)inTTIPEnsuringEurope'ssmallerfirmscanmakethemostofTTIPCustomsandTradeFacilita8on(CTF)

Coveredtopics:Non-TariffBarrier--NewRules

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ISDS：investor-to-statedisputeseflement

#aimstoprovideinvestorsinforeigncountrywithbasicprotec(on.

#onenewmechanismdealingwithdisputesamonginvestorsandstates.

#itraisedhugeconcernamongsociety.

Coveredtopics:Non-TariffBarrier--NewRules



Poten8alBenefits:GrowthandJobs—BiggestFreeTradeArea

TTIPcouldbringsignificanteconomicgainsasawholefortheEU(€119billionayear)andtheUS(€95billionayear)oncetheagreementisfullyimplemented.

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#widerangeofcoveredtopics&#Comprehensive&ambi(ouspartners

Poten8alBenefits:NewStandardsasBenchmark.

Concerns

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Transparency

Deregula(on

NewPowertoCapital

01

02

03

Overlap 04



Transparency• Nego=a=onsheldinsecretbetweenEuropeanCommissionandUSgovernmentofficialseverytwomonths

•  EUhasputa30-yearbanonpublicaccesstoallkeynego=a=ngdocuments;USa5-yearbanfromendoftalks

• MPsfromEUmemberstates(incUK)alsohavenoaccesstoanyofthekeynego=a=ngdocuments

Source:TTIPintroductorypresenta=on,2015.ppt-WaronWant

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Deregulation•  TTIPisnotatradi=onaltradeagreementreducingbordertariffs(tariffsbetweenEU&USAarealreadyminimal)

•  TTIPexplicitlyaimsat‘regulatorybarriers’totrade–i.e.environmentalstandards,labourrights,foodsafetyrules

•  EUregula=onsenshrineprecau=onaryprincipletoprotectpublichealth.

Source:TTIPintroductorypresenta=on,2015.ppt-WaronWant&TTIP–SlideShare



Deregulation•  TheU.S.isseenashavingstrongerrulesinfinancialservices,whileEuropetoutsitsrulesassuperiorinfoodsafetyandothersectors.


EU USFoodSafety Financialservices

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Deregulation•  Examplesofregulatory‘barriers’targetedbyUSproducers:

•  EUbanonGMOs(Gene=callyModifiedOrganism)•  EUbanongrowthpromotersinfoodproduc=on(An=bio=cssuchasproteinandβ-agonists)

•  EUbanonbeefproducedwithbovinegrowthhormones•  EUbanonhighlevelsofpes=cideresidueinfood•  EUrulesontoxicchemicals(REACHregula=ons)




New Powers To Capital•  TTIPrepresentsthebiggestsingletransferofpowertotransna=onalcapitalinagenera=on

•  ‘Investor-statedisputeseflement’(ISDS)mechanism

•  ThisallowsUScorpora=onstosueEUstatesforpolicydecisionsthatcouldharmtheirprofitsinthefuture.Casesadjudicatedbycorporatelawyersinsecrettribunalsonlyopentoforeigninvestors,bypassingdomes=ccourts

Source:TTIPintroductorypresenta=on,2015.ppt-WaronWant

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Overlap of TTIP•  TTIPoverlap

•  EU•  FTAswithEFTA(EuropeanFreeTradeAssocia=on)&EuropeanEconomicAreaonservices

•  FTAswithmembersoftheBarcelonaProcess(N.Africa&MiddleEast)•  SeveralFTAswithmembersofCEFTA(CentralEuropeFreeTradeArea)

•  US•  NAFTA(NorthAmericanFreeTradeArea)•  FTAswithseveral(notall)ofBarcelonaProcess

•  EUandUSarealreadyheavilylinkedtotheirneighborsbyexis=ngFTAs:

•  MostarebothFTAsandEconomicIntegra=onAgreements(EIAs)onservices.Source:DerdorffTTIP–FordSchool

Evalua8on&Future

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Orienta=on----Toincreaseeconomygrowth?

Un8lAugust2016Morethan3millionpeoplehavesignedonthewebsite

togoagainstTTIP

August2016TheViceChancellorofGermanyGabrielhas

announcedtheTTIPactuallybecomeafailure

October2016Morethan100,000peopleholdademonstra=onin

Berlin



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Future?

ThankYou

Documents

Transatlan(c Trade and Investment Partnership · 2018-09-01 · 21/11/16 5 The Transatlan(c Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP) Background Topic & Beneﬁt Concerns Evaluaon &