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Toyota MiraiIntroduction/Background 24/01/2018
World Leaders Agreement – COP21 Paris
Forecast International Climate ChangeAnnual greenhouse gas emissions
(1,000 Tg CO2 Eq./year)
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
20
2000 2020 2040 2060 2080 2100
Source: From the IPCC Working Group III 5th Assessment Report (2014)
Full-scale initiatives to reduce CO2 emissions Zero or less
Baseline scenario(+3.7~4.8℃)
(RCP8.5)
Below 2℃ scenario(RCP2.6)
Regarding GHG emissions, there is no time to lose
Environmental Challenges
AIR QUALITYCLIMATE CHANGE ENERGY SECURITY
Energy Security
Future Vision: HyGrid (Hybrid Hydrogen – Electricity Grid)
Biomass
Wastewater
Renewable
Energy
HV
Refineries/
chemical plants
Urban/
residential
Fossil fuels
FC busAutomotive
fuel
Hydrogen
tanksHigh-volume,
long-term storage
Electrolysis
Chemical
plants
Urban/
residential
FCVHydrogen Grid
Power generation units
EV/PHV
Electricity
storage
facilities
Thermal
power generation
Photovoltaic
generation
Wind powerElectricity Grid
Hydrogen - Electricity
Conversion
Urban/ residential Industry
Source: HyGrid Study Group HP
Electricity
Energy Flow
HydrogenFossil fuels
Using Hydrogen as a Storage for Renewables
Ba
tte
ry
Hydrogen storage1Compressed air
Fly
-wh
ee
l Pumped Hydro Storage
Super
capacitor
Geographical
capacity constraints
Source: IEA Energy Technology Roadmap Hydrogen and Fuel Cells, JRC Scientific and Policy report 2013
1 IEA data updated due to recent developments in
building numerous 1MW hydrogen storage tanks
Hydrogen is most
promising for long-term
and carbon-free
seasonal storage
Minute
10 GW
1GW
100 MW
10 MW
1 MW
100 kW
10 kW
1 kW
Hour Day Week Season
Hydrogen: Versatile, 0-Emission Energy Carrier
ZEROcarbon footprint
potential
LONGdistance transport
HIGHenergy density
SERVESas feedstock in industry
using CCU
CLEANpower and/or heat
Biomass
Batteries
H2
Urea
+ many
others
MethanolMethane
FCVs are essential for decarbonising transport
100
1,000+10
10,000+
10
0.1
1,000
1
100
Weig
ht
(tons)
Small cars/urban mobility2
1
1
Medium to large cars²,
fleets and taxis
Light commercial vehicles
Source: Toyota, Hyundai, Daimler
Bubble size represents relative annual
energy consumption of this type in 2013
Bio- and (H2-based) synthetic fuels
FCV
BEV
1 Battery-hydrogen hybrid to ensure sufficient power
2 Split in A- and B-segment LDVs (small cars) and
C+-segment LDVs (medium to large cars) based
on a 30% market share of A/B-segment cars and a
50% less energy demand
Average mileage per day/trip (km)
Mirai is not a car, it’s a symbol
Developing Hydrogen FCV for 20 years
1996 1999 2002 2005 2011 201520092001
FCV-R Fuel Mirai
precursor
FCHV Toyota-made tanks,
1st FCV homologated
FCHV-4 Fuel Hydrogen stored in
high-pressure tanks
FCEV Fuel H2 Stored in
adsorbing alloy
MiraiRevolutionary
Titanium stack,
3.1 kW/L world record
FCHV-adv Fuel New stack,
stainless
steel cells
FCHV-5 Fuel Hydrogen generated
on-board by reforming
on gasoline
FCHV-3 Fuel Hydrogen
(adsorbing alloy)
1992
Toyota 2050 Challenge
Toyota 2050 Challenge
Challenge 1: New Vehicle Zero CO2 Emissions Challenge
90％ reduction
2010 2050
Avera
ge n
ew
vehic
le C
O2
(TtW
)
90% reduction of new vehicle CO2 emissions by 2050compared to 2010
Toyota’s Answer – Mirai, the obvious next step
Akio Toyoda
We had a kind of
feeling that
“we could do it
with the HYBRID,
why not the FUEL
CELL VEHICLE?”
0
2,000,000
4,000,000
6,000,000
8,000,000
10,000,000
12,000,000
1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017
1 M
5 M
10 million
1.5 million HV’s
every year
Hybrid Global Sales
Growth of HV in EuropeT
oyo
ta+
Lexu
s H
yb
rid
Sale
s M
ix i
n E
uro
pe 50.0%
45.0%
40.0%
35.0%
30.0%
25.0%
20.0%
15.0%
10.0%
5.0%
0.0%00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
Toyota FCV sales plan in 2020
GLOBALTARGET: More than 30,000/year around 2020
2015: 700 vehicles/year
2016: ~2,000 vehicles/year
2017: ~3,000 vehicles/year
2018: ~3,000 vehicles/year
2019: ~3,000 vehicles/year
Mirai
Mirai= “Future” in Japanese
Mix of powertrains required to achieve 90% CO2
reduction.
Electrification will increase dramatically after 2020
Sales
volume
2010 2020 2050
CO2
CO2
The Journey to Sustainable Mobility• The right car, at the right place, at the right time, using the right source of
energy: A mix of sources.
Gasoline,diesel
Gaseousfuels
BiofuelsSynthetic
fuelsElectricity Hydrogen
CO2 reduction Air
quality
Energy
diversityHybrid
technology
Sustainable Mobility
Using hybrid technology for Plug-In, EV and Fuel Cell
PLUG-IN HYBRID ELECTRIC FUEL CELLHYBRID
Reduced number of cells in FC stack
Common use of hybrid units
FC boost converter
★FC stack
Innovative flow channel structure
and Electrodes of cells for higher output
Output/volume; 3.1kW/L
Humidifier less
Internal circulation
★High pressurehydrogen tank
The light weight structure of
carbon fiber reinforced plastic enabled
Storage; 5.7 wt%*
world top level world top level
*Hydrogen mass/Tank mass
FC main components developed in-houseto achieve world leading performance
Fuel Cell Components
Warranty Period like any other
Toyota hybrid
Fuel tank
FC stack
HV battery
Drive motor
HV Inverter
HV booster
3 years /
100,000 km
Standard warranty
for all general parts
and components
5 years /
100,000 km
Extended warranty
for all hydrogen and
high voltage parts
Vincent.mattelaer@toyota-europe.com
Thank You
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