Toyota MiraiIntroduction/Background 24/01/2018

World Leaders Agreement – COP21 Paris

Forecast International Climate ChangeAnnual greenhouse gas emissions

(1,000 Tg CO2 Eq./year)

140

120

100

80

60

40

20

0

20

2000 2020 2040 2060 2080 2100

Source: From the IPCC Working Group III 5th Assessment Report (2014)

Full-scale initiatives to reduce CO2 emissions Zero or less

Baseline scenario(+3.7~4.8℃)

(RCP8.5)

Below 2℃ scenario(RCP2.6)

Regarding GHG emissions, there is no time to lose

Environmental Challenges

AIR QUALITYCLIMATE CHANGE ENERGY SECURITY

Energy Security

Future Vision: HyGrid (Hybrid Hydrogen – Electricity Grid)

Biomass

Wastewater

Renewable

Energy

HV

Refineries/

chemical plants

Urban/

residential

Fossil fuels

FC busAutomotive

fuel

Hydrogen

tanksHigh-volume,

long-term storage

Electrolysis

Chemical

plants

Urban/

residential

FCVHydrogen Grid

Power generation units

EV/PHV

Electricity

storage

facilities

Thermal

power generation

Photovoltaic

generation

Wind powerElectricity Grid

Hydrogen - Electricity

Conversion

Urban/ residential Industry

Source: HyGrid Study Group HP

Electricity

Energy Flow

HydrogenFossil fuels

Using Hydrogen as a Storage for Renewables

Ba

tte

ry

Hydrogen storage1Compressed air

Fly

-wh

ee

l Pumped Hydro Storage

Super

capacitor

Geographical

capacity constraints

Source: IEA Energy Technology Roadmap Hydrogen and Fuel Cells, JRC Scientific and Policy report 2013

1 IEA data updated due to recent developments in

building numerous 1MW hydrogen storage tanks

Hydrogen is most

promising for long-term

and carbon-free

seasonal storage

Minute

10 GW

1GW

100 MW

10 MW

1 MW

100 kW

10 kW

1 kW

Hour Day Week Season

Hydrogen: Versatile, 0-Emission Energy Carrier

ZEROcarbon footprint

potential

LONGdistance transport

HIGHenergy density

SERVESas feedstock in industry

using CCU

CLEANpower and/or heat

Biomass

Batteries

H2

Urea

+ many

others

MethanolMethane

FCVs are essential for decarbonising transport

100

1,000+10

10,000+

10

0.1

1,000

1

100

Weig

ht

(tons)

Small cars/urban mobility2

1

1

Medium to large cars²,

fleets and taxis

Light commercial vehicles

Source: Toyota, Hyundai, Daimler

Bubble size represents relative annual

energy consumption of this type in 2013

Bio- and (H2-based) synthetic fuels

FCV

BEV

1 Battery-hydrogen hybrid to ensure sufficient power

2 Split in A- and B-segment LDVs (small cars) and

C+-segment LDVs (medium to large cars) based

on a 30% market share of A/B-segment cars and a

50% less energy demand

Average mileage per day/trip (km)

Mirai is not a car, it’s a symbol

Developing Hydrogen FCV for 20 years

1996 1999 2002 2005 2011 201520092001

FCV-R Fuel Mirai

precursor

FCHV Toyota-made tanks,

1st FCV homologated

FCHV-4 Fuel Hydrogen stored in

high-pressure tanks

FCEV Fuel H2 Stored in

adsorbing alloy

MiraiRevolutionary

Titanium stack,

3.1 kW/L world record

FCHV-adv Fuel New stack,

stainless

steel cells

FCHV-5 Fuel Hydrogen generated

on-board by reforming

on gasoline

FCHV-3 Fuel Hydrogen

(adsorbing alloy)

1992

Toyota 2050 Challenge

Toyota 2050 Challenge

Challenge 1: New Vehicle Zero CO2 Emissions Challenge

90％ reduction

2010 2050

Avera

ge n

ew

vehic

le C

O2

(TtW

)

90% reduction of new vehicle CO2 emissions by 2050compared to 2010

Toyota’s Answer – Mirai, the obvious next step

Akio Toyoda

We had a kind of

feeling that

“we could do it

with the HYBRID,

why not the FUEL

CELL VEHICLE?”

0

2,000,000

4,000,000

6,000,000

8,000,000

10,000,000

12,000,000

1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017

1 M

5 M

10 million

1.5 million HV’s

every year

Hybrid Global Sales

Growth of HV in EuropeT

oyo

ta+

Lexu

s H

yb

rid

Sale

s M

ix i

n E

uro

pe 50.0%

45.0%

40.0%

35.0%

30.0%

25.0%

20.0%

15.0%

10.0%

5.0%

0.0%00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17

Toyota FCV sales plan in 2020

GLOBALTARGET: More than 30,000/year around 2020

2015: 700 vehicles/year

2016: ~2,000 vehicles/year

2017: ~3,000 vehicles/year

2018: ~3,000 vehicles/year

2019: ~3,000 vehicles/year

Mirai

Mirai= “Future” in Japanese

Mix of powertrains required to achieve 90% CO2

reduction.

Electrification will increase dramatically after 2020

Sales

volume

2010 2020 2050

CO2

CO2

The Journey to Sustainable Mobility• The right car, at the right place, at the right time, using the right source of

energy: A mix of sources.

Gasoline,diesel

Gaseousfuels

BiofuelsSynthetic

fuelsElectricity Hydrogen

CO2 reduction Air

quality

Energy

diversityHybrid

technology

Sustainable Mobility

Using hybrid technology for Plug-In, EV and Fuel Cell

PLUG-IN HYBRID ELECTRIC FUEL CELLHYBRID

Reduced number of cells in FC stack

Common use of hybrid units

FC boost converter

★FC stack

Innovative flow channel structure

and Electrodes of cells for higher output

Output/volume; 3.1kW/L

Humidifier less

Internal circulation

★High pressurehydrogen tank

The light weight structure of

carbon fiber reinforced plastic enabled

Storage; 5.7 wt%*

world top level world top level

*Hydrogen mass/Tank mass

FC main components developed in-houseto achieve world leading performance

Fuel Cell Components

Warranty Period like any other

Toyota hybrid

Fuel tank

FC stack

HV battery

Drive motor

HV Inverter

HV booster

3 years /

100,000 km

Standard warranty

for all general parts

and components

5 years /

100,000 km

Extended warranty

for all hydrogen and

high voltage parts

Vincent.mattelaer@toyota-europe.com

Thank You