View
217
Download
0
Category
Preview:
Citation preview
7/28/2019 Toll Project
1/13
A
SYNOPSIS
ON
FULLY AUTOMATED TOLL TAX COLLECTION
USING RF TECHNOLOGY. NO NEED TO STOP CAR
ON TOLL GATE
Submitted for partial fulfillment of award of degree in
BACHELORS OF TECHNOLOGY
IN
ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING
Submitted by
HIMANSHU SHARMA (090103085)
BHANU TEWARI (090103064)
PROJECT GUIDE
MR. ANURAG SHARMA
SHARDA UNIVERSITY
(SESSION 2012-13)
1
7/28/2019 Toll Project
2/13
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
We express our humble gratitude to all faculty members of Electronics & communication
Engineering Department of United College of Engineering and Management for showing their
interest in our project and having belief in our capabilities.
We owe special debt of gratitude to Mr.ANURAG SHARMA, our project guide for guiding
us throughout the completion of this project as well as boosting our moral when in crisis. Her
sincerity, thoroughness and perseverance have been a constant source of inspiration for us.
We would also like to express our sincere regards to PROF. A.K. MEHRA, Head of
Department, Electronics & Communication Department to getting us through the minor detailsof this project. We also thank our comrades who were always there to help us out and raise our
moral.
HIMANSHU SHARMA (090103085)
BHANU TEWARI (090103064)
2
7/28/2019 Toll Project
3/13
CONTENT
CHAPTER 1 1.1
ABSTRACT.
.1
1.2INTRODUCTION.
.2
CHAPTER 2 2.1 BLOCK
DIAGRAM.3
2.2 CIRCUIT DIAGRAM AND
DISCRIPTION
...4
CHAPTER 3 COMPONENT USED AND
DISCRIPTION....5
CHAPTER 4 4.1
APPLICATION...6
4.2 ADVANTAGES AND
DISADVANTAGES7
4.3 REFERENCE.
.8
3
7/28/2019 Toll Project
4/13
CHAPTER 1
1.1 ABSTRACT
The most beneficial thing about this project is that its a fully automatic system which hardly
involves the use of human resources and provides good efficiency of task accomplishment ..It
provides the fully automatic control on vehicles toll tax collection system .Its initial cost is
high but no matter as it provides a good task performing capability and its a reliable system
with long life span. It mainly consists of microcontroller connected with a receiver section
and when a RF system based car sends a RF signal to receiver section of the toll system it
recognize the bits generated by the transmitter section of the car which is unique and then
required operations are performed on the users account.
Its an inspirational project which is inspired from the system that is already in use in some
developed countries such as U.S.A and Britain ,so we took this project as it can bring a great
advantage to our country.
4
7/28/2019 Toll Project
5/13
1.2 INTRODUCTION
This system is an active RF ID tagging system. This device can be placed at
highways for identification of cars/Bus for toll tax collection, here we use RF ID
tagging system, this tag is implanted in Car/Bus, when Car/Bus passing toll tax
collection Barrier RF receiver is received a signal and decode signal, then
microcontroller is decide the barrier is open/closed, if your tax is already pay ten
barrier is open otherwise closed.
RF Transmitter has a four bit code that uniquely identifies the thing to be
tracked. Automatic toll tax project is designed, using Atmel 89 series
microcontroller & discrete components. Heart of the project is an RF transmitter
and receiver modules, these strong powerful modules have a range of more than
30 feets are sufficiently enough for our project. I have designed this project as a
simple implementation of the toll collection process automatically in a model
form. This should not be considered as a real toll collection system which
requires much more considerations, tests and huge amount of money, before they
are actually put into use.
5
7/28/2019 Toll Project
6/13
CHAPTER 2
2.1 BLOCK DIAGRAM
RECEIVER:
TRANSMITTER:
6
ENCODER
HT12E
ENCODER
HT12ERF- TXRF- TX
RF-RXRF-RX DECODER
HT12D
DECODER
HT12D
MICROCONTROLLERMICROCONTROLLER
DISPLAY
UNIT
MOTOR
DRIVER
MOTOR
DRIVERANTENNA
ANTENNA
MOTORMOTORBARRIERBARRIER
7/28/2019 Toll Project
7/13
2.2 CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
7
7/28/2019 Toll Project
8/13
CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION:
RF ID Transmitter system consists of a RF Tx module and an encoder IC(HT12E).This system transmits Unique Identification Code (UIC) in an
encrypted manner. This device is very small in size and can be attached
easily to the target. The receiver system consists of RF Rx module and a
decoder IC (HT12D).The decoded data is fed into the microcontroller
(89series) which processes and displays the corresponding UIC on a 16*2
LCD. If you pay toll tax already then barrier is open. If you are not pay toll
tax before barrier is closed, then you pay toll at the toll center then barrier
is open.
8
7/28/2019 Toll Project
9/13
CHAPTER 3
3.1 COMPONENTS USED AND
DISCRIPTION
The complete working of RFID based tagging system can be divided in the following blocks
for easier understanding:
1. RFID TAG: This tag is essentially a RF transmitter that transmits encoded signals. It can be
further classified into following parts:
UNIQUE IDENTIFICATION CODE (UIC):This part is unique for every RF Tag. Itcreates a unique code that is used to identify the tag when the data is read by RF reader.
The UIC used here is a 4 bit data. Thus this UIC can be used for unique identification of at
most 15 different things.
ENCODER: This part converts the UIC into an encrypted data that can be transmitted
over RF channels. The encoder used here is HT12E which can be used to encrypt 4 bitdata. The encrypted data is a serial digital signal.
TRANSMITTER: This part takes the encrypted data from transmitter and transmits it inform of Radio Frequency. The transmitter used here is ASK 315 MHz RF-TX modules.
POWER SUPPLY BLOCK: This consist a 12V power supply source and a powerregulator (7805) to get 5v power supply. This 5v supply drives the transmitter and theencoder.
2. RFID RECIEVER: This reader is basically a RF receiver that receives encoded signals
decodes them and displays the tag number on the displaying unit. It can be further classifiedinto following parts:
RECIEVER: It receives the encrypted data in form of RF waves and converts it into
electronic signals. The receiver used here is ASK 315 MHz RF-RX modules.
DECODER: This part decrypts the data to yield the UIC of the tag. This UIC is fed into
the microcontroller. HT12D has been used here which is compatible with HT12E module.
The output is the UIC of the Tag in a 4 bit format.
9
7/28/2019 Toll Project
10/13
MICROCONTROLLER: Microcontroller takes the UIC data from the decoder. Based on
this data it deciphers the source of the signal. It then displays this data and the source on
the Display Unit. The microcontroller used in this project is AT89s8253.
DISPLAY UNIT: It is 16*2 LCD that shows the Tag ID number as instructed by the
microcontroller.
POWER SUPPLY BLOCK: This consist a 12V power supply source and a power
regulator (7805) to get 5v power supply. This 5v supply drives the receiver, decoder
microcontroller and the LCD.
MICROCONTROLLER DETAILS:
The microcontroller used here is a common 8 bit Atmel microcontroller AT89s8253.It is a
low-power, high-performance CMOS 8-bit microcontroller with12K bytes of In-System
Programmable (ISP) Flash program memory and 2K bytes of EEPROM data memory. It has
32 programmable input output lines.
FEATURES:
12K Bytes of In-System Programmable (ISP) Flash Program Memory SPI Serial Interface for Program Downloading
Endurance: 10,000 Write/Erase Cycles
2K Bytes EEPROM Data Memory
Endurance: 100,000 Write/Erase Cycles 2.7V to 5.5V Operating Range
Fully Static Operation: 0 Hz to 24 MHz (in x1 and x2 Modes)
Three-level Program Memory Lock 256 x 8-bit Internal RAM
32 Programmable I/O Lines
Three 16-bitTimer/Counters
Nine Interrupt Sources
Enhanced UART SerialPort with Framing Error
Detection and AutomaticAddress Recognition
Enhanced SPI (DoubleWrite/Read Buffered) Serial
Interface
10
7/28/2019 Toll Project
11/13
KEY COMPONENTS:
TYPE COMPONENT QUANTITY
RF RECEIVER ASK 315MHZ RF-RX 1
DECODER HT12D 1
MICROCONTROLLER AT89S8253 1
DISPLAY 16*2 LCD 1
RF TRANSMITTER ASK 315MHZ RF-TX 1
ENCODER HT12E 1
OSCILLATOR 16MHZ CRYSTAL 1
POWER SUPPLY 12V BATTERY 1
POWER REGULATOR 7805 1
STEPPER MOTOR DRIVER ULN2803 1
11
7/28/2019 Toll Project
12/13
CHAPTER 4
4.1 APPLICATIONS
This RF ID tagging system can used to keep a track of shipping goods and vehicles in
a completely automated manner. The transport vehicle can be tracked at the shipping
and the receiving organization to automatically update delivery status.
These tags can be employed in cars and buses with readers placed at the toll taxes, bus
stops and security checks. This modernizes the whole system of travel and saves a lot
of time and money.
It can be installed at air ports to felicitate the distribution of luggage by putting up an
RF-ID tag on luggage and then at the distribution counter the luggage can be easily
sorted out.
4.2.1 ADVANTAGES
Modernizes the entire tracking system.
It is a very user friendly and can even be used by childrens.
Simple to operate and can be installed in a short time.
Can be used to track virtually everything.
No scope for error in detection of RF-ID tags.
Facilitates quick and accurate detection and tracking is possible instantaneously.
Re-usable by simply attaching the tag to some other object.
Easier to manage with very less demand on man-power.
It has a variable range of operation and hence it can be used at almost all places.
4.2.2 DISADVANTAGES
This device is work only for limited number of cars i.e. 15 car.
Range of transmitter and receiver is minimum.
This toll tax device is not universal.
Pre- paid toll tax recharge is only form of Rs 10, 20, 50 and 100.
12
7/28/2019 Toll Project
13/13
4.3 REFERENCE
Google.co.in
Engineer.Projectworld.in
Electronics for you
Ayala, Kenneth J. ( 1 996), The 8051Microcontroller... Architecture, Implementation
and Programming,International Edition, New York: .
MICROELECTRONICS Sedra smith.
13
Recommended