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The Witch HuntThe Witch Hunt
of of
McCarthyismMcCarthyism
Cold WarCold War
Communist spies- Communist spies- no accents, looked like usno accents, looked like us
Communism unknown – Communism unknown – therefore eviltherefore evil
Cold WarCold War
Atomic espionageAtomic espionage
1949 Russia gets 1949 Russia gets bombbomb
Allies jockeyed for powerAllies jockeyed for power
Josef Stalin over FDRJosef Stalin over FDR
Soviet domination of eastern EuropeSoviet domination of eastern Europe
Communist China’s civil war victoryCommunist China’s civil war victory
Allies jockeyed for powerAllies jockeyed for power
Start of Korean war in 1950Start of Korean war in 1950
NATO vs. Warsaw pactNATO vs. Warsaw pact
Julius and Ethel Julius and Ethel RosenbergRosenberg
Alger HissAlger Hiss
Threat to Democratic LifeThreat to Democratic Life
Communist infiltration Communist infiltration organized labor, Federal government,organized labor, Federal government,
HollywoodHollywood
Mistrust, suspicion, paranoiaMistrust, suspicion, paranoia
CPUSA – 80,000 membersCPUSA – 80,000 members
Liberals and intellectualsLiberals and intellectuals
Leadership loyal, regular members not reallyLeadership loyal, regular members not really
““Brink of communist takeover”Brink of communist takeover”
American Communist PartyAmerican Communist Party
Supported same causesSupported same causes
Plight of the forgotten manPlight of the forgotten man
““Haves” vs “Have-nots”Haves” vs “Have-nots”
Superman saves minersSuperman saves miners
Daily Life ChangedDaily Life Changed
““Duck and Duck and Cover”Cover”
1947 – HUAC vs. Hollywood1947 – HUAC vs. Hollywood
““Are you or have you ever been…”Are you or have you ever been…”
Refused to admit or name namesRefused to admit or name names
Held in contempt of congressHeld in contempt of congress
324 people fired for Hollywood studios324 people fired for Hollywood studios
““The Hollywood Ten”The Hollywood Ten”
CFA – “Committee for the First Amendment”CFA – “Committee for the First Amendment”
Hollywood liberalsHollywood liberals
Humphrey Bogart, Humphrey Bogart, Lauren Bacall, Lauren Bacall, John HustonJohn HustonGene KellyGene Kelly
1947 - Loyalty oaths for 1947 - Loyalty oaths for Federal employeesFederal employees
TrumanTruman““Soft on Soft on Communism”Communism”
3 million checked3 million checked
Legal rights violatedLegal rights violated
Fears grewFears grew
Anti-communist themesAnti-communist themes
““Invasion of the Body Snatchers”Invasion of the Body Snatchers”
““Red Menace”Red Menace”
RadioRadio
televisiontelevision
Red Scare and comicsRed Scare and comics
Disney used animalsDisney used animalsto caricature the feelingsto caricature the feelings
Captain AmericaCaptain America
Joseph McCarthyJoseph McCarthy
A synonym for irresponsiblyA synonym for irresponsibly
Women’s Club – 1950Women’s Club – 1950Wheeling, West VirginiaWheeling, West Virginia
List with namesList with names
Supported by fearSupported by fear
Chairman of Senate hearingsChairman of Senate hearings
Supported by congress, unquestioned Supported by congress, unquestioned powerpower
Unchecked Unchecked PowerPower
Edward R. MurrowEdward R. Murrow
““See It NowSee It Now” ”
Took on McCarthyTook on McCarthy
Unflattering lightUnflattering light
McCarthy’s own wordsMcCarthy’s own words
Downfall of McCarthyDownfall of McCarthy
Roy CohnRoy Cohn
David Schine draftedDavid Schine drafted
Secure “special privileges”Secure “special privileges”
Army released documentsArmy released documents
Schine ‘held hostage’ Schine ‘held hostage’ so he couldn’t testify againstso he couldn’t testify againstCommunists in armyCommunists in army
McCarthy – Army HearingsMcCarthy – Army Hearings
T.V. cameras were allowed in the hearingsT.V. cameras were allowed in the hearings
36 days, 188 hours36 days, 188 hours
Hearings going Hearings going badly for badly for McCarthyMcCarthy
Accuses Welch Accuses Welch aidaid
Joseph Welch - Army’s Joseph Welch - Army’s lawyerlawyer
““Until this moment, senator, I think I neverUntil this moment, senator, I think I nevergauged your cruelty or recklessness…gauged your cruelty or recklessness…
Have you no sense of decency, sir, at long last?Have you no sense of decency, sir, at long last?
Have you no sense of decency?”Have you no sense of decency?”
No charges filed against anyone in the ArmyNo charges filed against anyone in the Army
Senate censured McCarthySenate censured McCarthy
Power was gonePower was gone
McCarthy died three years laterMcCarthy died three years later
McCarthy and the Salem girlsMcCarthy and the Salem girls
Craved power, attention, fameCraved power, attention, fame
More they accused, the bigger the lie gotMore they accused, the bigger the lie got
Spread mass hysteriaSpread mass hysteria
Held power over people’s livesHeld power over people’s lives
McCarthy parallels SalemMcCarthy parallels Salem
Exaggerated and exploited evidenceExaggerated and exploited evidence
Ruined reputations and livesRuined reputations and lives
Accused used as scapegoats – society’s Accused used as scapegoats – society’s problemsproblems
Escape punishment – admit guiltEscape punishment – admit guilt
Society became scared and suspiciousSociety became scared and suspicious
Whole town wrapped up in lies and conspiracyWhole town wrapped up in lies and conspiracy
McCarthy used the already fear of communismMcCarthy used the already fear of communism
Anyone who questioned them, they themselvesAnyone who questioned them, they themselveswere accusedwere accused
McCarthyism McCarthyism on on
American LifestyleAmerican Lifestyle
Promoting Promoting ““The American”The American”Way of LifeWay of Life
TelevisionTelevision
Fastest growing mediumFastest growing medium
75% in 1946 – 90% in 196075% in 1946 – 90% in 1960
TV Guide - #1 selling magazineTV Guide - #1 selling magazine
Family togetherness Family togetherness
Conformity and ConsumerismConformity and Consumerism
Ideal family settingIdeal family setting
Gender rolesGender roles
American life intactAmerican life intact
““Father Knows Best”Father Knows Best”
What we got was – a bland menuWhat we got was – a bland menuquiz showsquiz showswesternswesternsfamily comediesfamily comedies
No controversyNo controversy
T.V. world - perfectT.V. world - perfect
Endangering theEndangering the““moral fiber”moral fiber”
Not conforming Not conforming
Full-time housewifeFull-time housewife
American Housewife-American Housewife-
Art Imitates LifeArt Imitates Life
““The Wild Ones”The Wild Ones”
Indictment of American fearIndictment of American fear
Doing nothing while othersDoing nothing while othersstood up stood up
1952 – “High Noon”1952 – “High Noon”
Dalton Trumbo – Dalton Trumbo – most famous and talentedmost famous and talented
30 Seconds Over Tokyo30 Seconds Over TokyoCourt-Martial of Billy Court-Martial of Billy MitchellMitchellThe Brave One *The Brave One *Bridge on the River Kwai Bridge on the River Kwai **Roman Holiday *Roman Holiday *The SandpiperThe SandpiperHawaiiHawaiiExodusExodusSpartacusSpartacusJohnny Got His GunJohnny Got His GunExecutive ActionExecutive ActionPapillonPapillon
Miller-Miller-Interested in the tragedy of people who, Interested in the tragedy of people who, under social pressure, lose their integrityunder social pressure, lose their integrity
Many lost their sense of decency and community Many lost their sense of decency and community when they went along with the crowd towhen they went along with the crowd toContinue persecution of the innocent.Continue persecution of the innocent.
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