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THE STUDENTS’ PROBLEMS IN USING INDEFINITE AND DEFINITE
ARTICLES IN DESCRIPTIVE TEXT FROM THE EIGHTH GRADE STUDENTS OF
MTS MIFTAHUL JANNAH PALANGKA RAYA
THESIS
Presented to the Department of Education of the State Islamic Studies Palangka Raya in
Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Sarjana Pendidikan Islam
By
AYUB
SRN: 0901120434
THE STATE ISLAMIC COLLEGE OF PALANGKA RAYA
THE DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
THE STUDY PROGRAM OF ENGLISH EDUCATION
1435 H / 2014 M
brought to you by COREView metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk
provided by IAIN Palangkaraya
ii
LEGALIZATION OF THESIS EXAMINING COMMITTEE
This thesis entitles THE STUDENTS’ PROBLEMS IN USING INDEFINITE AND
DEFINITE ARTICLES IN DESCRIPTIVE TEXT FROM THE EIGHTH GRADE
STUDENTS OF MTS MIFTAHUL JANNAH PALANGKA RAYA in the name of Ayub,
and his Students Registration Number is 090 112 0434. It has been examined in Examining
Team of the State College of Islamic Studies of Palangka Raya on:
Day : Tuesday
Date : Rajab 8, 1435 H/April 8, 2014
Palangka Raya, April 2014
Examining Team:
1. Siminto, M.Hum (……………………………………….)
Chairman/Member
2. Sabarun, M.Pd (.……………………………………....)
Member
3. Dra. Halimah, M.Pd (………………………………….........)
Member
4. Luqman Baehaqi, S.S., M.Pd (……………………………………….)
Secretary/Member
The State Islamic College of Palangka Raya
Director,
Dr. Ibnu Elmi A.S. Pelu, S.H., M.H
NIP. 197501091999031002
iii
APPROVAL OF THESIS ADVISORY COMMITTEE
Title of the thesis :THE STUDENTS’ PROBLEMS IN USING INDEFINITE AND
DEFINITE ARTICLES IN DESCRIPTIVE TEXT FROM THE
EIGHTH GRADE STUDENTS OF MTS MIFTAHUL JANNAH
PALANGKA RAYA
Name : Ayub
SRN : 0901120434
Department : Education
Study Program : English Education
Level : (S-1)
Palangka Raya, November 2013
Approved by:
Advisor I, Advisor II,
Dra. Halimah, M.Pd Luqman Baehaqi, S.S., M.Pd
ORN. 196712261446032003 ORN. 19800823201101005
Vice director in Academic Affairs, The Chair of Education Department,
Drs. Fahmi, M.Pd Triwid S.N., M.Pd
ORN. 196105201999031003 ORN. 197109142003122001
iv
PERSETUJUAN SKRIPSI
Judul : THE STUDENTS’ PROBLEMS IN USING INDEFINITE AND
DEFINITE ARTICLES IN DESCRIPTIVE TEXT FROM THE
EIGHTH GRADE STUDENTS OF MTS MIFTAHUL JANNAH
PALANGKA RAYA
Nama : Ayub
NIM : 0901120434
Jurusan : Tarbiyah
Program Studi : Bahasa Inggris
Jenjang : (S-1)
Palangka Raya, November 2013
Mengetahui:
Pembimbing I, Pembimbing II,
Dra. Halimah, M.Pd Luqman Baehaqi, S.S., M.Pd
NIP. 196712261446032003 NIP. 19800823201101005
Wakil Ketua Bidang Akademik Ketua Jurusan Tarbiyah
dan Pengembangan Lembaga
Drs. Fahmi, M.Pd Triwid S.N., M.Pd
NIP. 196105201999031003 NIP. 197109142003122001
v
OFFICIAL NOTE
Case : Please be examined Palangka Raya, November 2013
Ayub’s Thesis
To, Director of the State
College of Islamic Studies of Palangka
Raya
In-
Palangka Raya
Peace be unto you and God’s mercy and blessing as well.
By reading and analyzing of thesis’s revision, we think that thesis in the name of:
Name : Ayub
Student Registration Number : 0901120434
Title of the thesis :THE STUDENTS’ PROBLEMS IN USING
INDEFINITE AND DEFINITE ARTICLES IN
DESCRIPTIVE TEXT FROM THE EIGHTH GRADE
STUDENTS OF MTS MIFTAHUL JANNAH
PALANGKA RAYA
can be examined in partial fulfillment of the Degree of Sarjana Pendidikan in English
Education of the Department of Education STAIN Palangka Raya.
Thank you for your attention.
Peace be with and God’s blessing.
Advisor I, Advisor II,
Dra. Halimah, M.Pd Luqman Baehaqi, S.S., M.Pd
ORN. 196712261446032003 ORN. 19800823201101005
vi
NOTA DINAS
Hal : Mohon dimunaqasahkan Skripsi Palangka Raya, November 2013
Saudara Ayub
Kepada Yth. Ketua Panitia Ujian Skripsi
STAIN Palangka Raya
di-
Palangka Raya
Assalamualaikum Wr. Wb.
Setelah membaca, memeriksa, dan mengadakan perbaikan seperlunya, maka kami
berpendapat bahwa skripsi saudara:
Nama : Ayub
NIM : 0901120434
Judul Skripsi :THE STUDENTS’ PROBLEMS IN USING
INDEFINITE AND DEFINITE ARTICLES IN
DESCRIPTIVE TEXT FROM THE EIGHTH GRADE
STUDENTS OF MTS MIFTAHUL JANNAH
PALANGKA RAYA
Sudah dapat diajukan untuk memperoleh gelar Sarjana Pendidikan Islam pada Jurusan
Tarbiyah Program Studi Tadris Bahasa Inggris STAIN Palangka Raya.
Demikian atas perhatiannya diucapkan terima kasih.
Wassalamualaikum Wr. Wb.
Pembimbing I, Pembimbing II,
Dra. Halimah, M.Pd Luqman Baehaqi, S.S., M.Pd
NIP. 196712261446032003 NIP. 19800823201101005
vii
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
Alhamdulillahirobbil’alamin. In the name of Allah, the Merciful, Lord of the
universe, praise be to Him. Thanks to Allah the Lord of the world who has given guidance,
till I could finish this thesis entitled: The Students’ Problems in Using Indefinite and Definite
Articles in Descriptive Text from the Eight Grade Students of MTs Miftahul Jannah Palangka
Raya. Shalawat and Salam are always dedicated to the last Prophet Muhammad
Shallallahu’alaihi wa sallam, His Family, Companions, and Followers.
The writer would like to thank for all people who has given supports, advices, and
opportunities during the whole process so writer could finish this thesis. Therefore the writer
would like to say thanks to:
1. Dr. Ibnu Elmi A.S. Pelu, S.H., M.H., as the Director of STAIN Palangka Raya for his
permission and direction of conducting this thesis.
2. Triwid S.N., M.Pd., as the Chair of the Department of Education for her permission so
that the writer can accomplish the requirements for composing this thesis.
3. Santi Erliana, M.Pd., as the Coordinator of the English Education Study Program for
her advice , suggestion, and encouragement in conducting this thesis.
4. Dra. Halimah, M.Pd., as the first Advisor for the guidance, encouragement, and
suggestions during composing this thesis.
5. Luqman Baehaqi, S.S., M.Pd, as the second Advisor for the guidance, encouragement,
and suggestions during composing this thesis.
6. Warsidi, M.Pd., as the Headmaster of MTs Miftahul Jannah Palangka Raya for his
permission in conducting study at the school.
7. Muhammad Rezeki, S.PdI., as the teacher of MTs Miftahul Jannah Palangka Raya for
his permission in conducting study at the school.
viii
The writer realizes that there are no perfect words which can describe his feeling
except the word thank you. May Allah be around us and gives His affection and straight away
whenever we are till the end of the day. Amin.
Palangka Raya, November 2013
Writer,
AYUB
SRN. 090 112 0434
ix
DECLARATION OF AUTHENTICATION
In the name of Allah
I myself make declaration that this thesis entitles THE STUDENTS’ PROBLEMS
IN USING INDEFINITE AND DEFINITE ARTICLES IN DESCRIPTIVE TEXT
FROM THE EIGHT GRADE STUDENTS OF MTS MIFTAHUL JANNAH
PALANGKA RAYA, is truly my own writing. If it is not my own writing so, it is given a
citation and shown in the list of references.
If my own declaration is not right in this thesis one day so, I am ready to be
given academic sanction namely, the cancellation of the degree of this thesis.
Palangka Raya, November 2013
My Own Declaration,
AYUB
SRN. 090 112 0434
x
THE STUDENTS’ PROBLEMS IN USING INDEFINITE AND DEFINITE
ARTICLES IN DESCRIPTIVE TEXT FROM THE EIGHTH GRADE STUDENTS OF
MTS MIFTAHUL JANNAH PALANGKA RAYA
ABSTRACT
The principle aim of the study is to know the students’ problems in using indefinite
and definite articles in descriptive text from the eighth grade students of MTs Miftahul
Jannah Palangka Raya.
The sample of the study are VIIIB grade students of MTs Miftahul Jannah Palangka
Raya. The number of participants are 22 students.
The writer used descriptive design approach. To take the data, the writer used
research instruments. They are: test and questioner. The test are translation, and multiple
choice. The multiple choice test and questioner is used for to investigate the students’ ability
in using indefinite and definite articles in descriptive text. The data collection used are
editing, coding, scoring, tabulating, collecting students’ test, description of errors,
explanation of errors, and evaluation of errors. The data analysis used are: data reduction,
data display, and conclusion.
The result of study were interferences of L1 (Indonesian) in translation test which can
be summarized as: (1) there were 9 students’ answer sheets were interfered by L1 or
Indonesian in translation test. (2) there were 17 answers of students’ answer sheet in
translation test were interference, the form of interference were phenomena of divergence and
unfair. (3) there were 7 kinds of phrase that written by students. (4) there were 8 (47.06%)
interference containing phenomena of divergence. (5) there was 0 (0%) interference
containing unfair. (6) there were 9 (52.94%) interference containing both phenomena of
divergence and unfair. (7) there were 16 students (72.73%) had ability test in using indefinite
and definite articles in descriptive text, there 6 students (27.27%) had failure in using
indefinite and definite articles in descriptive text.
Keywords: Problem, Use, Indefinite Article, Definite Article, Descriptive Text
xi
PROBLEMATIKA SISWA DALAM MENGGUNAKAN INDEFINITE DAN
DEFINITE ARTICLES DALAM DESCRIPTIVE TEXT DARI SISWA KELAS VIII
MTS MIFTAHUL JANNAH PALANGKA RAYA
ABSTRAK
Tujuan dasar dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui problematika siswa dalam
menggunakan indefinite dan definite articles dalam descriptive text dari siswa kelas VIII MTs
Miftahul Jannah Palangka Raya.
Sampel dari penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VIIIB MTs Miftahul Jannah Palangka
Raya. jumlah partisipannya adalah 22 siswa.
Penulis menggunakan pendekatan disain deskriptif. Untuk mengambil data, penulis
menggunakan alat penelitian. Diantaranya: tes dan kuesioner. Tes tersebut adalah tes
menerjemahkan, dan pilihan ganda. Tes Pilihan ganda dan Kuesioner digunakan untuk
mendukung data. Pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah editing, koding, penilaian,
tabulasi, kumpulan tes siswa, deskripsi kesalahan, penjelasan kesalahan, dan evaluasi
kesalahan. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah reduksi data, tampilan data, dan kesimpulan.
Hasil dari penelitian adalah interferensi B1 (Indonesia) dalam test terjemah yang
dapat disimpulkan sebagai berikut: (1) ada 9 lembar jawaban siswa terpengaruh oleh bahasa
pertama dalam tes menerjemahkan. (2) ada 17 jawaban dari lembar jawaban siswa
mempunyai gangguan bahasa dalam tes menerjemahkan. (3) ada 7 macam frase yang ditulis
oleh para siswa. (4) ada 8 (47.06%) gangguan bahasa berisi fenomena divergen. (5) ada 0
(0%) gangguan bahasa berisi ketidak adilan. (6) ada 9 (52.94%) gangguan bahasa berisi
fenomena divergen dan ketidak adilan. (7) ada 16 (72.73%) siswa mempunyai kemampuan
pada tes dalam menggunakan indefinite dan definite articles dalam descriptive text, ada 6
(27.27%) gagal pada tes dalam menggunakan indefinite dan definite articles dalam
descriptive text.
Kata Kunci: Problematika, Menggunakan, Kata Sandang Tak Tentu, Kata Sandang Tertentu,
Teks Deskriptif
xii
DEDICATION
Sincerely, this thesis is dedicated to:
My beloved parents and family
who always give me love, pray, and
affection.
My beloved brothers and
sisters who always support me
with their attention.
My friends of TBI STAIN
Palangka Raya who always
motivate me to study.
My 1st and 2nd Advisor who always
advice and support me to finish this
thesis.
May Allah SWT always bless us.
xiii
MOTTO
“You learn something every day if you pay attention”
(Ray Leblond)
xiv
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
COVER OF PAGE………………………………………………………………..……… i
LEGALIZATION OF THESIS EXAMINING COMMITTEE………..……………… ii
APPROVAL OF THESIS ADVISORY COMMITTEE………..……………………… iii
OFFICIAL NOTE................................................................................................................ iv
ACKNOWLEDGMENT..................................................................................................... v
DECLARATION OF AUTHENTICATION………………………………………….… vii
ABSTRACT……………………………………………………..………………………… viii
DEDICATION………………………………………………….………………………… x
MOTTO………………………………………………………………………………..….. xi
TABLE OF CONTENTS………………………………………………………..……….. xii
LIST OF TABLES…………………………………………………………….………….. xiv
LIST OF FIGURES……………………………………………………...……………….. xv
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS……………………………………………………………. xvi
LIST OF APPENDICES……………………………………………...………………….. xvii
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
A. Background of the Study………………………………………. 1
B. Problem of the Study…………………………………………... 4
C. Delimitation of the study………………………………………. 4
D. Assumption of the Study……………………………………….. 5
E. Objective of the Study…………………………………………. 5
F. Significance of the study……………………………………….. 5
G. Operational Delimitation Key Terms…………………………...5
CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
A. Prior Studies……………………………………………………. 7
B. Second Language Acquisition…………………………………. 9
C. Contrastive Analysis…………………………………………… 10
D. Interference…………………………………………………….. 13
E. Syntactic Categories…………………………………………….15
F. Determiner…………………………………………………...… 17
G. Article in English………………………………………………. 18
H. Article in Indonesian…………………………………………… 27
I. Descriptive Text………………………………………………... 28
CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHOD
A. Research Type………………………………………………….. 31
B. Research Design………………………………………………...31
C. Population and Sample………………………………………… 32
1. Population………………………………………………….. 32
2. Sample………………………………………………………33
D. Research Instruments…………………………………………... 34
1. Research Instruments………………………………………. 34
2. Research Instruments Validity……………………………... 38
E. Data Collection………………………………………………… 40
xv
F. Data Analysis…………………………………………………... 41
CHAPTER IV RESULT OF STUDY AND DISCUSSION
A. Result of Study……………………..…………………………... 44
B. Discussion………………………………………………….…... 61
CHAPTER V CLOSING
A. Conclusion……………………………………………………... 63
B. Suggestion……………………………………………………… 63
REFERENCES
APPENDICES
xvi
LIST OF TABLES
Table 2.1 Syntactic Categories……………...…………....................................................... 15
Table 3.1 The population of VIII grade students of MTs Miftahul Jannah Palangka Raya.. 33
Table 3.2 The sample of VIII grade students of MTs Miftahul Jannah Palangka Raya…… 34
Table 3.3 The valuation of cognitive value………………………………………………... 43
Table 4.1 The description of the students’ interference in using indefinite and definite articles
in descriptive text…………………...………….......................................................
45
Table 4.2 List of XEA’s interference………………………………………………………. 48
Table 4.3 List of WFK’s interference……………………………………………………… 49
Table 4.4 List of RDS’s interference………………………………………………………. 50
Table 4.5 List of DUF’s interference………………………………………………………. 50
Table 4.6 List of CPX’s interference……………………………………………………... 51
Table 4.7 List of NGL’s interference……………………………………………………... 52
Table 4.8 List of ZTS’s interference……………………………………………………… 53
Table 4.9 List of YGT’s interference……………………………………………………... 55
Table 4.10 List of OJK’s interference……………………………………………………… 56
Table 4.11 The description percentage of phrase in using indefinite and definite articles… 57
Table 4.12 The description percentage of using phenomena of divergence and unfair in using
indefinite and definite articles in descriptive text…………………...…………. 57
Table 4.13 The result of students’ test in using indefinite and definite articles in descriptive
text……………………………………………………………………….……...59
Table 4.14 The result of questionnaire by students in using indefinite and definite articles in
descriptive text….……………………………………………………….……... 60
xvii
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 4.1 The description phenomena of divergence and unfair in using indefinite and
definite articles in descriptive
text………………………………………………….…………………………...58
xviii
LIST OF ABBREVIATION
MTs = Madrasah Tsanawiyah
L1 = First Language
L2 = Second Language
xix
LIST OF APPENDICES
Appendix 1 Test Item
Appendix 2 Answer of Test Item
Appendix 3 Analysis Item
Appendix 4 Interater Item
Appendix 5 Test Item
Appendix 6 Answer of Test Item
Appendix 7 Students Score
Appendix 8 Questionnaire Item
Appendix 9 Codes of students name
Appendix 10 Documentation of Test Activity
xx
REFERENCES
Arikunto, Suharsimi, Prosedur Penelitian Suatu Pendekatan Praktek, Jakarta: Rineka Cipta,
2006.
Ary, Donald, et.al, Introduction To Research in Education, United States: Wadsworth
Cengage Learning, 2010.
Brown, H. Douglas, Teaching By Principle An Interactive Approach To Language Pedagogy,
California: Longman, 2000.
Chaer, Abdul, Tata Bahasa Praktis Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Rineka Cipta, 2011.
Creswell, John W., Research Design Pendekatan Kualitatif , Kuantitatif dan Mixed, Pustaka
Belajar, t.th.
Departemen Pendidikan Nasional, Pengembangan Silabus Dan Sistem Penilaian
Berdasarkan Kurikulum Berbasis Kompetensi, Jakarta: Depdiknas, 2003.
Fauzi, Iwan, A Preliminary Understanding of English Syntax, Palangka Raya: STAIN
Palangka Raya, 2012.
Gass, Susan M., and Larry Selinker, Second Language Acquisition; An Introductory Course,
New York: Taylor & Francis, t.th.
Guntur Tarigan, Henry, and Djago Tarigan, Pengajaran Analisis Kesalahan Berbahasa,
Bandung: Angkasa, 2011.
Hariyono, Rudy, and Andrew Mc Carthy, ABC Plus English Grammar Complete Edition,
Surabaya: Gitamedia Press, 2008.
Heaton, J.B., Writing English Language Test, England: Longman, 1974.
Hornby, A.S., Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary of Current English, New York: Oxford
University Press, 2000.
Kothari, C.R., Research Methodology Methods And Techniques, New Delhi: New Age
International, 2004
xxi
Kuntjojo, Metodologi Penelitian, Kediri: Universitas Nusantara PGRI Kediri, 2009.
Lingga, Hotben D., and Lim Ali Utomo, Intisari Tata Bahasa Inggris Kontemmporer,
Jakarta: Visipro, 2007.
Margono, Metodologi Penelitian Pendidikan, Jakarta: Rineka Cipta, 2003.
McKay, Sandra Lee, Researching Second Language Classrooms, London: Lawrence
Erlbaum Associates, 2006.
McMillan, James H., Educational Research: Fundamental For The Consumer, United Stated
of America: HarperCollins, 1996.
Miles, Matthew B., and Huberman, A. Michael, Qualitative Data Analysis An Expanded
Sourcebook, London: Sage Publication, 1994.
Oshima, Alice, and Hogue, Ann, Introduction To Academic Writing, United States of
America: Pearson Longman, 2007.
Riduwan, Metode Dan Teknik Menyusun Tesis, Bandung: Alfabeta, 2010.
Saville, Muriel and Troke, Introducing Second Language Acquisition, New York: Cambridge
University Press, 2006.
Sudijono, Anas, Pengantar Statistik Pendidikan, Jakarta: Rajagrafindo Persada, 2005.
Sugiyono, Metode Penelitian Kombinasi (Mixed Method), Bandung: Alfabeta, 2011.
………….., Metode Penelitian Pendidikan; Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif, dan R&D,
Bandung: Alfabeta, 2009.
…………..., Statistik Untuk Penelitian, Bandung: Alfabeta, 2004.
Widiastuti, Triana, Contrastive Analysis On English And Indonesian Conditional Sentences,
Palangka Raya: STAIN Palangka Raya (Unpublished), 2011.
Widyamartaya, A, Seni Menerjemahkan, Yogyakarta: Kanisius, 1989.
Yuliani, Marta, and Yuniarti Dwi Arini, Bahasa Inggris Untuk SMP/MTs Kelas VII, Klaten:
PT Intan Pariwara, 2012.
xxii
INTERNET
1. http://web.ics.purdue.edu/~froberts/polite%20leonard%20roberts%202011.pdf
2. http://www.academia.edu/4020120/Using_Old_English_to_Teach_the_Articles_a_an
d_the_in_the_Classroom
3. http://journals.tc-library.org/index.php/tesol/article/view/265/224
4. http://eprints.lancs.ac.uk/26562/1/ICAME30-indefinite_article.pdf.
5. http://www.d.umn.edu/~kgilbert/ened55601/Readings/Content%20Analysis%20of%2
0Env%20Attitudes%20-%20Bammel%20&%20Bammel.pdf
6. http//www.en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contrastive_analysis
7. https://www.msu.edu/course/lin/434/PSets/syntactic-categories.pdf
8. http://www.ukm.my/ppbl/Gema/page20_30.pdf
xxiii
CURRICULUM VITAE
A. The writer’s identify
1. Name : Ayub
2. Place and Date of Birth : Palangka Raya, February 9th
1990
3. Sex : Male
4. Address : Jl. Sulawesi No. 89 Palangka Raya
5. Educational Background
a) SDN Pahandut 1 Palangka Raya
b) MTs Hidayatul Insan Palangka Raya
c) MAN Model Palangka Raya
d) STAIN Palangka Raya
6. Hobby : Studying, Music, Business.
B. The family’s identify
1. Father : Bachran Hasyim
2. Mother : Arbayah
3. Brother : Rahmadi
4. Sisters : Siti Zubaidah
: Zahratunnisa
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