The Six Essential Elements of Geography. What is Geography? The study of the physical, biological...

The Six Essential The Six Essential Elements of Elements of GeographyGeography

What is Geography?What is Geography?

The study of the The study of the physical, biological & physical, biological & cultural features of cultural features of the Earth’s surface.the Earth’s surface.

What is perspective?What is perspective?

The way a person looks The way a person looks at something.at something.

Geographers use spatial Geographers use spatial perspective. perspective. Spatial Spatial perspectiveperspective looks for looks for patterns in where things patterns in where things are located on the Earth are located on the Earth & how they are arranged & how they are arranged and then geographers and then geographers try to explain these try to explain these patterns.patterns.

The Two Branches of The Two Branches of GeographyGeography

Human GeographyHuman Geography looks at the looks at the distribution & characteristics of the distribution & characteristics of the world’s people.world’s people.

Physical GeographyPhysical Geography focuses on Earth’s focuses on Earth’s natural environments, which includes natural environments, which includes landforms, atmosphere, animals, plants, landforms, atmosphere, animals, plants, soils, & the processes that affect them.soils, & the processes that affect them.

Subfields of GeographySubfields of Geography

Cartography – map makersCartography – map makers Meteorology – weather forecastersMeteorology – weather forecasters

How do we study How do we study Geography?Geography?

We organize information by We organize information by regionsregions, or , or areas that share one or more features areas that share one or more features that make it different from the that make it different from the surrounding areas.surrounding areas.

Ex. Cities, states, countries, continents, Ex. Cities, states, countries, continents, etc.etc.

Regions are defined by their human & Regions are defined by their human & physical characteristics.physical characteristics.

The 6 Essential ElementsThe 6 Essential Elements

1.1. The World In Spatial TermsThe World In Spatial Terms

2.2. Places & RegionsPlaces & Regions

3.3. Physical SystemsPhysical Systems

4.4. Human SystemsHuman Systems

5.5. Environment & SocietyEnvironment & Society

6.6. Uses of GeographyUses of Geography

#1 The World in Spatial #1 The World in Spatial TermsTerms How to acquire, read, & How to acquire, read, & process information from process information from maps to report maps to report information.information.

Examples?Examples?

#1 World in Spatial #1 World in Spatial TermsTerms

How to use mental How to use mental maps to organize maps to organize information about information about people, places, and people, places, and environments.environments.

What are mental What are mental maps?maps?

#1 World in Spatial #1 World in Spatial TermsTerms

How to How to analyzeanalyze the spatial organization of the spatial organization of people, places, and environments on Earth's people, places, and environments on Earth's surface.surface.

#2 Places & Regions#2 Places & Regions

Looks at the physical & human characteristics Looks at the physical & human characteristics of places.of places.

#2 Places & Regions#2 Places & Regions

How people create How people create regions to regions to understand the understand the Earth’s complexity.Earth’s complexity.

#2 Places & Regions#2 Places & Regions

How culture and experience influence How culture and experience influence people's perception of places and people's perception of places and regions.regions.

BIBLE BELT

#3 Physical Systems#3 Physical Systems

The physical The physical processes that shape processes that shape the patterns of the patterns of Earth's surface.Earth's surface.

#3 Physical Systems#3 Physical Systems

The characteristics and spatial distribution of The characteristics and spatial distribution of ecosystems on Earth's surface.ecosystems on Earth's surface.

#4 Human Systems#4 Human Systems

The characteristics, distribution, and The characteristics, distribution, and migration of human populations on migration of human populations on Earth's surface.Earth's surface. Why do people live where they do?Why do people live where they do?

#4 Human Systems#4 Human Systems

The characteristics, The characteristics, distributions, and distributions, and complexity of Earth's complexity of Earth's cultural.cultural. Looks at language, Looks at language,

religion, music, dance, religion, music, dance, etc.etc.

Where are these cultures Where are these cultures located?located?

How do they help make How do they help make up the Earth’s culture?up the Earth’s culture?

#4 Human Systems#4 Human Systems

The patterns and The patterns and networks of networks of economic economic interdependence on interdependence on Earth's surface.Earth's surface.

#4 Human Systems#4 Human Systems

How forces of cooperation and conflict among How forces of cooperation and conflict among people influence the division and control of people influence the division and control of Earth's surface.Earth's surface.

#5 Environment & #5 Environment & SocietySociety

How human actions How human actions modify modify the physical the physical environment. environment.

#5 Environment & #5 Environment & SocietySociety How physical systems affect human How physical systems affect human

systems.systems.

#5 Environment & #5 Environment & SocietySociety

The changes that occur in the meaning, The changes that occur in the meaning, use, distribution, and importance of use, distribution, and importance of resources.resources.

#6 Uses of Geography#6 Uses of Geography

How to apply geography How to apply geography to interpret the past.to interpret the past. ““You can’t understand You can’t understand

history without history without understanding understanding geography.”geography.”

To apply geography to To apply geography to interpret the present and interpret the present and plan for the future.plan for the future.

#6 Uses of Geography#6 Uses of Geography

What are some What are some uses of Geography?uses of Geography?

1.1. ________________________________

2.2. ________________________________

3.3. ________________________________

What are some What are some professions that professions that incorporate incorporate Geography?Geography?

1.1. ________________________________

2.2. ________________________________

3.3. ________________________________