View
214
Download
2
Category
Preview:
Citation preview
WOOD 120 October 2015
The renaissance of Canadian wood products and advanced building systems
Chris Gaston, PhD
TM
2Chris Gaston October 2015
Overview
• Canadian fibre supply
– land base, production and trade
• End-use markets
– Lumber, wood based panels and engineered wood products / composites• Residential, R&R, non-residential and industrial
– Bio-energy and bio-chemicals
• The renaissance of our industry!– Product and system evolution / revolution
• The Green Economy (?)
3Chris Gaston October 2015
Overview of the Canadian forest sector
4Chris Gaston October 2015
Forests of Canada
• 397.3 M hectares– 150.6 M certified
– 37.3 M national parks
• 2010 (hectares):– 0.69 M harvest
– 12.7 M lost to insects
– 2.6 M lost to fires
• 67% coniferous, 16% mixed wood and 11% hardwood
• 93% publicly owned
• 30% of the world’s boreal forest
Source: The State of Canada’s Forests, 2012 Annual Report
5Chris Gaston October 2015
Forest industry in Canada—key facts
• Forest Sector Revenues (2010)
– Forestry and logging $ 7.8 Billion
– Pulp & paper $25.8
– Wood products $20.2
$53.8
• Contribution to GDP: $24 Billion
• Balance of Trade (2010): $17 Billion
• Average Wages per Employee (2011): $52,673 – 16% above the national average
• Direct jobs (2011): 233,900
• Job losses since 2006: 86,900
• Research and development (2011)
– Wood Products Manufacturing: $95 Million
– Pulp and Paper: $56
– Forestry and Logging: $ 6
Source: FPAC; The State of Canada’s Forests, 2012 Annual Report
6Chris Gaston October 2015
Structural changes in (or affecting) supply
• US housing collapse
• Drop in newsprint consumption
• Rise in lower grade demand (China, bioenergy)
• Rise in CDN $ value against US currency
• Annual allowable cut drops– Recently Ontario and Quebec; pending in BC with the MPB)
• Increasing fiber costs
• Decreasing fiber quality
• Increasing natural
disturbances
7Chris Gaston October 2015
8Chris Gaston October 2015
Wood supply cost in Canada
Source: International Wood Markets Group, February 2007
9Chris Gaston October 2015
Global fibre supply changes
Source: Pöyry
10Chris Gaston October 2015
Canada forest products exports
Source: Global Trade Atlas
11Chris Gaston October 2015
Canada lumber production
Source: Global Trade Atlas
12Chris Gaston October 2015
Canada lumber exports
Source: Global Trade Atlas
13Chris Gaston October 2015
Some context: wood-use in the U.S.
Source: RISI, Boston, Massachusetts
14Chris Gaston October 2015
U.S. housing starts
Source: US Bureau of the Census
15Chris Gaston October 2015
‘Stick-built’ platform frame construction
The average cost of rough framing, sheathing, soffit, and door / window installation is as low as $8 per sq. ft.($16,000 for a 2,000 sq. ft. home)
16Chris Gaston October 2015
‘Pre-fab’ platform frame construction
17Chris Gaston October 2015
Move to 6-story multi-family
Source: WoodWorks
Library Square, Kamloops, BC, 2010
18Chris Gaston October 2015
Source: Adera, Vancouver, BC
Residential, University of BC
Move to 6-story multi-family
19Chris Gaston October 2015
Six story hybrid wood-concrete
Source: FPI, Quebec
Quebec, QC2010
20Chris Gaston October 2015
Six story hybrid wood-concrete
Source: FPI, Quebec
Concrete cores/walls to
resist lateral loads
Glulam post & beam
+ Three levels of parking (concrete)
21Chris Gaston October 2015
Five story hybrid wood-concrete
Source: Perkins + Will
Earth Sciences Building, UBC
22Chris Gaston October 2015
Five story hybrid wood-concrete
Source: Perkins + Will
Earth Sciences Building, UBC
23Chris Gaston October 2015
Consumer reaction to Canadian softwoods
24Chris Gaston October 2015
‘Tall Buildings’
Source: Michael Green Architecture
Wood Innovation Design Centre, Prince George, BC
25Chris Gaston October 2015
‘Tall Buildings’
Source: http://www.vancitybuzz.com/2014/09/ubc-wooden-building/
Proposed 18-storey wood hybrid, UBC
26Chris Gaston October 2015
‘Tall buildings’
Source: Michael Green Architecture
“We are in a unique moment in architectural and building engineering history when shifting world needs has asked us to question some of the fundamentals of how we have built for the last century and how we will build in the next.”
Michael Green
27Chris Gaston October 2015
Wood Works 2014 Design Awards
Project of the Canadian Wood Council
Source: http://wood-works.ca/bc/
28Chris Gaston October 2015
Wood Works 2014 Design Awards
Residential Wood DesignSilver Lake House, WashingtonHewitt+Company Architecture Inc.
Source: http://wood-works.ca/bc/
29Chris Gaston October 2015
Wood Works 2014 Design Awards
Multifamily Residential Wood DesignRed Sky Townhomes, Whistler, B.C.aka architecture + design inc.
Source: http://wood-works.ca/bc/
30Chris Gaston October 2015
Wood Works 2014 Design Awards
Commercial Wood DesignSalmon Arm Savings & Credit UnionRatio Architecture
Source: http://wood-works.ca/bc/
31Chris Gaston October 2015
Wood Works 2014 Design Awards
Interior Beauty DesignForest House, Bowen Island, B.C.JWT Architecture and Planning
Source: http://wood-works.ca/bc/
32Chris Gaston October 2015
Wood Works 2014 Design Awards
Institutional Wood DesignYunesit'in Health Centre, Hanceville, B.C.David Nairne + Associates Ltd.
Source: http://wood-works.ca/bc/
33Chris Gaston October 2015
Wood Works 2014 Design Awards
Western Red CedarLiard River Hot Springs, Liard River, B.C.Formline Architecture + Urbanism
Source: http://wood-works.ca/bc/
34Chris Gaston October 2015
Wood Works 2014 Design Awards
EngineerBow River Bridge in Banff, AlbertaFast + Epp Structural Engineers
Source: http://wood-works.ca/bc/
35Chris Gaston October 2015
Wood Works 2014 Design Awards
Wood ChampionPeter Busby Perkins + Will
Source: http://wood-works.ca/bc/
36Chris Gaston October 2015
Wood pellets
Source: www.pellet.org
37Chris Gaston October 2015
Bio-pathways
Source: http://fpac.ca/
38Chris Gaston October 2015
Bio-pathways
Source: FPInnovations
-50%
-40%
-30%
-20%
-10%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
Pelle
ts E
ast m
ediu
m
Eth
anol v
ia F
erm
enta
tion+ H
&P
Power Direct
New
sprint
MD
F
OSL
BC
TM
P +
H&P M
edium
Bio
carb
on E
ast Sm
all
Partic
le B
oard
Meth
anol via S
yngas
(E)
Syn
gas for lim
e k
iln
Bio
carb
on W
est
Sm
all
NBHK +
H&P M
ediu
m
Pow
er via
gasific
atio
n m
ed (E)
LW
C
FT D
iesel M
ega
Valu
e A
dded M
DF
NBSK +
Eth
anol + H
&P
OSB m
ediu
m
Full Fra
ctio
natio
n
Valu
e A
dded P
article
board
Eth
anol v
ia S
yngas (E)
NBSK +
H&P M
ediu
m
CH
P D
irect
Pelle
ts W
est m
ediu
m
SPF W
est
mediu
m
CHP v
ia P
yrolysis
Next
erra S
yngas d
ryer
Nexte
rra C
HP s
mall (<
10M
w)
CHP (17.8
MW
)
Lig
nol C
om
merc
ial Bro
wnfie
ld
LVL la
rge
Ace
tate
via
Syn
gas (E)
Pyro
lysis S
tand-a
lone
Torrefie
d P
elle
ts W
est
Cro
ss
Lam
inate
d T
imber - M
ediu
m
BC Central Interior ROCE – Normalized
39Chris Gaston October 2015
Bio-pathways II—value pathways in construction
• Market Leader Interviews– Architects feel very strong
social / environmental responsibility
• Survey state of market-ready and emerging technologies / products
• Address business models of innovation– How to foster new product
development
Source: http://fpac.ca/
40Chris Gaston October 2015
Value pathways in construction
Forest Industry Transformation (IFIT) program provided$190 million in 2010/2014 to help with the “valley of death”.
Source: http://cfs-scf.nrcan-rncan.gc.ca/selective-cuttings/51
41Chris Gaston October 2015
Examples of new tech / product development
• Past
– Heavy focus on commodities
– Heavy focus on manufacturing cost reductions
– More limited:• Wood modification
• Engineered wood products
• Present / future
– Growing interest in engineered wood products and systems
• Solid and Composites
– Bio-energy
– Bio-chemicals
42Chris Gaston October 2015
Treated lumber
Source: US Borax
43Chris Gaston October 2015
Thermally modified wood
Source: ThermoWood
44Chris Gaston October 2015
Chemically modified (acetylated) wood
Source: Accsys Technologies
45Chris Gaston October 2015
Non structural composites
Source: Trex
46Chris Gaston October 2015
Decking
47Chris Gaston October 2015
Decking
48Chris Gaston October 2015
Decking
49Chris Gaston October 2015
Decking
At stake for the U.S. market?
$4-5 billion annually
50Chris Gaston October 2015
Profiled decking
Source: FPInnovations
51Chris Gaston October 2015
Profiled decking
Source: FPInnovations
52Chris Gaston October 2015
Sound abatement panels
Source: FPInnovations
53Chris Gaston October 2015
Glulam
Source: Chantiers Chibougamau
54Chris Gaston October 2015
Glulam
Source: Nordic, Structurlam, Western Archrib
55Chris Gaston October 2015
Laminated Veneer Lumber (LVL)
Source: FPInnovations
56Chris Gaston October 2015
Laminated Veneer Lumber (LVL)
Source: FPInnovations, Quebec City office/laboratory
57Chris Gaston October 2015
Cross laminated timber
Source: FPInnovations
58Chris Gaston October 2015
Cross laminated timber
Source: KLH
59Chris Gaston October 2015
Cross laminated timber
8-Storey buildings, Växjö, Sweden
9-Storey building, London, UK
Source: KLH
60Chris Gaston October 2015
Cross laminated timber
Source: KLH
61Chris Gaston October 2015
Kobe-level seismic test
62Chris Gaston October 2015
Cross laminated timber
FPInnovations has carried out a number of studies to develop seismic factors for CLT as a lateral load resisting system.
Source: FPInnovations
63Chris Gaston October 2015
Courtesy of McFarland Marceaua r c h i t e c t s l t d
UBC Bio-energy R&D Project
Cross laminated timber
64Chris Gaston October 2015
Parallel and laminated strand lumber (PSL. LSL)
Source: FPInnovations, Weyerhaeuser
65Chris Gaston October 2015
Joists
66Chris Gaston October 2015
Dascanova
67Chris Gaston October 2015
Wood fibre insulation
Source: http://www.gutex.de/en/Products/Installation_and_Product_Information/#
Steico, Actis, Pavatex, Gutex and others
68Chris Gaston October 2015
Biodiesel
Rudolf Diesel
Rudolf Diesel's designed his demonstrated engine in Germany in 1893 running on nothing but peanut oil.
Linoleum
69Chris Gaston October 2015
Biodiesel
70Chris Gaston October 2015
Biochemicals / bioproducts
71Chris Gaston October 2015
Star Trek replicator
72Chris Gaston October 2015
3-D printing
73Chris Gaston October 2015
3-D printing
74Chris Gaston October 2015
The ultimate goal
Transportation Fuels
Other Fuels and Products
Chemicals, Plastics, Rubber
Petroleum End-uses
70%
26%
4%
Revenues
43%
42%
15%
Source: T. Werpy, 2009 BioWorld Conference (Modified by Tom Brown)
75Chris Gaston October 2015
Questions?
Chris Gaston
chris.gaston@ubc.ca
chris.gaston@fpinnovations.ca
+1 604 827 1417
Recommended